在中英工商界十九屆五中全會精神在線宣介會上發表主旨演講并回答提問
Keynote Speech at the Briefing on the Fifth Plenary
Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee:
把握新機遇，注入新信心，開啟新征程
New Opportunities, New
Confidence, New Journey
17 November 2020
尊敬的英國中國商會會長方文建先生，
尊敬的英國48家集團俱樂部主席佩里先生，
尊敬的英中貿協主席古沛勤爵士，
尊敬的英中協會主任葛珍珠女士，
女士們、先生們，
Chairman Fang,
Chairman Perry,
Sir Sherard,
Executive Director MacLeod,
Ladies and
Gentlemen:
很高興再次與中英工商界朋友們在線座談。今天又是一個特殊的日子，177年前的今天，上海正式開埠。當時的中國積貧積弱，被西方列強用武力打開國門。177年后的今天，世事變遷，滄海桑田，中國實現了從站起來、富起來到強起來的偉大飛躍，正站在新的歷史起點上。
It is a real
delight to join friends from the Chinese and British business communities once
again online. Today is a special day. On this day 177 years ago, China opened
the port of Shanghai officially to foreign trade. At that time, China was
impoverished and weak. Its door was forced open by Western powers. Over the
past 177 years, profound changes have taken place in the world. In China, there
have been great leaps forward, from gaining independence to achieving
prosperity and growing strong. The country is now standing at a new historical
starting point.
上個月，中國共產黨第十九屆中央委員會第五次全體會議在北京召開。這是中國在“兩個一百年”歷史交匯點上召開的一次具有全局性、歷史性意義的重要會議，擘畫了中國未來發展藍圖，明確了前進方向和奮斗目標，為今后5年乃至更長時期中國經濟社會發展提供了行動指南。
Last month, the
Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing. This
important conference coincides with a key moment in history where the timeframe
of China’s two centenary goals converge. Therefore, it bears overall and
historic significance. It has outlined the blueprint for China’s development in
the future, defined the direction and the goals, and set forth a guideline for
China’s economic and social development in the coming five years and beyond.
會議最重要的成果是審議通過了《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十四個五年規劃和二O三五年遠景目標的建議》。我認為，《建議》的重大意義體現為四個“新”：
Above all, the
conference reviewed and approved the “CPC Central Committee’s Proposals for the
Formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and
Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035”. This
is definitely the most important outcome.
To understand the
significance of this document, I have summarized four “new”s.
一是邁入新發展階段。今年是“十三五”收官之年，中國將全面建成小康社會，消除絕對貧困。2021年中國將進入一個新發展階段，開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程，這在中國發展進程中具有里程碑意義。《建議》提出“十四五”時期中國發展的指導方針、主要目標、重點任務、重大舉措，展望2035年基本實現社會主義現代化的遠景目標，集中回答了在新發展階段實現什么樣的發展、如何實現發展這個重大問題。2020年，中國國內生產總值將超過100萬億元人民幣。預計到“十四五”末，中國經濟將達到現行的高收入國家標準，到2035年實現經濟總量或人均收入翻一番是完全有可能的。
First, it unveils a
new development stage. 2020 is the last year for the implementation of the 13th
Five Year Plan. This is the year when China will have completed the building of
a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and eliminated absolute poverty.
In 2021, China will enter a new development stage and embark on a new journey
of building a modern socialist country in all aspects. This will be a milestone
in the history of China’s development. The document sets forth the guidelines,
main targets, key tasks and major measures for China’s development in the 14th
Five Year Plan period. It outlines the long-term vision of basically realising
socialist modernization by 2035. And it answers the important question of what
kind of development China is pursuing and how we are going to achieve it. This
year, China’s GDP will exceed 100 trillion RMB yuan. By the end of the 14th
Five Year Plan period, China’s economy is expected to reach the current level
of high-income countries. Hence it is certainly possible that China’s GDP or per
capita income could double by 2035.
二是貫徹新發展理念。中國社會的主要矛盾已經轉化為人民日益增長的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發展之間的矛盾，集中體現在發展質量上。“十四五”乃至今后更長時期，中國經濟社會發展將以推動高質量發展為主題。我們將更加注重發揮創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的新發展理念的引領作用，以深化供給側結構性改革為主線，著力提升發展質量和效益，推動質量變革、效率變革、動力變革，充分激發14億中國人民的活力，使發展成果更好惠及全體人民。
Second, the
Proposals embody the new development concept. Unlike in the past, the principle
contradiction in the Chinese society now is the one between unbalanced and
inadequate development and people’s ever-growing aspiration for a better life.
The resolution, of course, lies in high-quality development. In the 14th Five
Year Plan period and beyond, the theme of China’s economic and social
development will be none other than high-quality development. We will let the
new development concept lead the way, namely, innovative, coordinated, green,
open and shared development. We will focus on deepening supply-side structural
reform. We will promote transformation in quality, efficiency and driving
forces so as to achieve higher quality and better efficiency. We will rely on
the creative vigour of 1.4 billion Chinese people. And we will ensure everyone
has a share in the outcomes of development.
三是構建新發展格局。當前，世界經濟面臨嚴重衰退，經濟全球化遭遇逆流，單邊主義、保護主義上升，傳統的國際循環明顯弱化。《建議》提出，中國將加快構建以國內大循環為主體、國內國際雙循環相互促進的新發展格局。這一新發展格局強調的是國內國際雙循環，不是國內經濟的單循環，更不是關起門來搞封閉運行。不管國際風云如何變幻，中國堅持對外開放的基本國策絕不會動搖。我們將深入參與國際循環，使國內循環和國際循環相互促進、相得益彰。
Third, the
Proposals set up a new growth pattern. At the moment, the world economy is
experiencing grave recession; economic globalization is encountering headwind;
and unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise. All these have resulted in
an obvious weakening in the traditional international circulation. The
Proposals suggest that China will accelerate the building of the “dual
circulation” growth pattern in which the domestic market will play a leading
role, with international and domestic markets reinforcing each other. This new
growth pattern is not a closed domestic circulation but an inclusive one that
connects domestic and international markets. The world may have changed, but
China will not change its basic national policy of opening up. We will engage
more deeply in the international circulation and enable the domestic and
international circulations to complement each other and achieve multiplying
effects.
四是明確新發展要求。中國共產黨領導中華民族偉大復興事業，是歷史的選擇、人民的選擇。面對這次疫情沖擊，中國有力有序有效統籌疫情防控和經濟社會發展，率先控制疫情、率先復工復產、率先實現經濟正增長，再次彰顯了中國共產黨的強大領導力。《建議》首次把全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實質性進展作為遠景目標，充分證明中國共產黨堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，發展為了人民、發展依靠人民、發展成果由人民共享，不斷滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要，不斷增強人民群眾獲得感、幸福感、安全感。
Fourth, the
Proposals lay out new requirements for development. The great rejuvenation of
the Chinese nation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the
choice of history and the choice of the people. In the face of the outbreak of
Covid-19, China has balanced epidemic response and economic and social
development in an effective and orderly manner. It is the first country in the
world to get the epidemic under control, bring economic activities back on
track and achieve positive growth. This bears witness to the strong leadership
of the CPC. In the Proposals, notable and substantial progress in common
prosperity is clearly marked as a long-term goal. This is a brand new
definition of China’s long-term goal and it goes to show that putting the
people at the centre is the development philosophy of the CPC. The CPC believes
that development is for the people and by the people; and development outcomes
shall be shared by all. The CPC has spared no effort to meet people’s
ever-growing needs for a better life and to work for greater benefit, happiness
and security for the people.
當前，世界正經歷百年未有之大變局，新冠肺炎疫情正在全球大流行。兩者相互交織、相互激蕩，給人類帶來前所未有的挑戰和考驗。在這樣的時代背景下，今后5年乃至更長時期，中國的發展將給世界帶來什么影響？我認為，將增強四方面信心。
The profound
changes unseen in a century are compounded by the raging pandemic across the
world. This is posing unprecedented tests and challenges. Against this
background, how will China’s development affect the world in the coming five
years and more? I think China’s development will strengthen confidence in the
following four aspects:
一是為世界和平發展注入信心。當今世界不穩定不確定因素增多，有的國家大搞單邊主義、保護主義、霸權主義，鼓吹“新冷戰”和“脫鉤論”，威脅國際社會穩定和安全。《建議》提出，中國將高舉和平、發展、合作、共贏旗幟，堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，推進各領域各層級對外交往，推動構建新型國際關系和人類命運共同體。中國堅定不移走和平發展道路，永遠不稱霸，不擴張，不謀求勢力范圍，更無意跟任何國家打“冷戰”、“熱戰”。 中國歷來主張中美雙方應加強溝通對話，在相互尊重基礎上管控分歧，在互惠互利基礎上拓展合作。我們希望美國新一屆政府同中方相向而行，秉持不沖突不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏原則，推動兩國關系沿著正確軌道向前發展。事實已經證明，并將繼續證明，中國越發展，就越有利于世界和平與進步力量的發展壯大，就越能為世界和平與穩定注入更多正能量。
First, it will
strengthen confidence in the peaceful development of the world. The world is
now facing increasing instabilities and uncertainties. Some countries are
pushing for unilateralism, protectionism and hegemony, and clamouring for a
“new cold war” and “economic decoupling”. As a result, the stability and
security of the international community has come under threat. The Proposals
emphasize that China will hold high the banner of peace, development and
win-win cooperation, adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace, advance
external exchanges in all areas and at all levels, and promote the building of
a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for
mankind. China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development. It
never seeks hegemony, expansion or sphere of influence, let alone start a “cold
war” or “hot war” with any other country. On relations with the United States,
it is China’s consistent position that the two countries should enhance
communication and dialogue, manage differences while maintaining mutual
respect, and expand cooperation based on mutual benefit. We hope that the next
administration of the United States will work with the Chinese side in the same
direction, and uphold the principles of non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual
respect and win-win cooperation, so as to move China-US relationship forward on
the right track. Facts have proven and will continue to prove that a more
developed China will be a stronger force for world peace and progress, and will
inject more positive energy to international peace and stability.
二是為世界開放發展注入信心。開放帶來進步,封閉必然落后。構建更加開放的國內國際雙循環，不僅符合中國自身發展需要，還將更好造福各國人民。中國有14億人口，中等收入群體超過4億，是全球最具潛力的大市場，未來10年累計商品進口額有望超過22萬億美元。中國將堅持實施更大范圍、更寬領域、更深層次的對外開放，促進國際合作，實現互利共贏，推動貿易和投資自由化便利化，推動共建“一帶一路”高質量發展，為世界經濟復蘇和發展注入強大動能。
Second, China’s
development will strengthen confidence in the open development of the world. Openness
brings progress while isolation results in backwardness. Under “dual
circulation”, China will be more open. This not only meets domestic needs for
development but also brings more benefits to the people around the world. With
a population of 1.4 billion, including a middle-income group of over 400 million,
China is a huge market with the greatest potential in the world. In the coming
ten years, it is expected to import goods worth over 2.2 trillion US dollars. Going
forward, China will open up more areas and more sectors at a higher level. We
will advance international cooperation for win-win results. We will promote
trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. And we will pursue
high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. All these will
provide strong impetus for world economic recovery and growth.
三是為世界創新發展注入信心。創新是引領發展的第一動力。《建議》提出，堅持創新在中國現代化建設全局中的核心地位。中國把科技自立自強作為國家發展的戰略支撐，同時與世界各國在科學技術和創新領域加強對話交流合作，分享中國科技成果，貢獻更多“中國智慧”。 同時，中國堅持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅持尊重自然、順應自然、保護自然，構建生態文明體系。不久前，習近平主席宣布，中國將提高國家自主貢獻力度，力爭2030年前二氧化碳排放達到峰值，2060年前實現碳中和，并將為此制定實施規劃。我們將積極參與和引領應對氣候變化、保護生物多樣性等國際合作，為促進全球綠色發展貢獻力量。
Third, China’s
development will strengthen confidence in global growth driven by innovation. Innovation
is the primary driving force for development.
The Proposals
suggest that China will put innovation at the centre of its modernisation
drive. China regards self-reliance in science and technology as a strategic
pillar of its national development. At the same time, it stands ready to step
up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation with the rest of the world in science,
technology and innovation (STI), to share its STI achievements and to
contribute its wisdom to the world. We believe that lucid waters and lush
mountains are just as precious as mountains of gold and silver. Based on this
belief, China respects, protects and follows the law of nature, and strives to
protect ecological environment. Not long ago, President Xi Jinping announced
that China will scale up its intended nationally determined contributions. It
aims to peak CO2 emissions by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. We
will make implementation plans for achieving those goals. China is determined
to take an active and leading role in international cooperation on climate
change and biodiversity, and make its contribution to global green development.
四是為世界共治發展注入信心。《建議》提出，積極發展全球伙伴關系，堅持多邊主義和共商共建共享原則，積極參與全球治理體系改革和建設。中國將維護以聯合國為核心的國際體系和以國際法為基礎的國際秩序，維護以世貿組織為核心的多邊貿易體制，積極參與重大傳染病防控國際合作，推動構建人類衛生健康共同體。中國倡導全球事務由各國商量著一起辦，治理體系由大家一起建設，發展成果由各國人民共同分享。中國將始終做世界和平的建設者、全球發展的貢獻者、國際秩序的維護者。
Fourth, China’s development will strengthen confidence in
building better global governance. According to the Proposals, China will
actively build partnerships with countries of the world, remain committed to
multilateralism and the principles of extensive consultation, joint
contribution and shared benefits, and take an active part in the reform and
development of the global governance system. China will uphold the
international system with the United Nations at its core, uphold the
international order based on international law and uphold the multilateral
trade system with the WTO at its centre. China will also take an active part in
international cooperation on the prevention and control of major infectious
diseases, and advance the building of a global community of health for all. China
advocates a multilateral approach in global affairs: Every country has a say in
addressing global challenges through consultations; Every country has a role in
building global governance system; And the people of every country have a share
in the benefits of development. China will always be a defender of world peace,
a contributor to global development, and an upholder of international order.
展望“十四五”乃至更長時期，中國經濟高質量發展將給中英兩國工商界帶來更多合作機遇。
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period and beyond, the
high-quality growth of China’s economy will create more opportunities for
cooperation between Chinese and UK businesses.
一是中國龐大的市場機遇。疫情背景下，中國經濟率先復蘇，是“后疫情時代”世界經濟重要引擎，將給包括英國在內的各國企業帶來更大合作機遇和發展空間。在上周剛剛結束的第三屆中國國際進口博覽會期間，英國公司在多個領域簽署了總價值超過4.3億英鎊的商業訂單。中英兩國企業界可進一步利用好進博會、服貿會、廣交會等平臺，擴大雙方經貿合作，攜手促進兩國經濟復蘇和發展，更好造福兩國人民。
Opportunity number
one: China’s huge market. China is the first country in the world to achieve
economic recovery amid the pandemic. It will be a major powerhouse for global
growth in the post-pandemic era. It will create enormous cooperation
opportunities and development space for businesses of all countries, including
the UK. At the Third China International Import Expo (CIIE) concluded last
week, British businesses signed contracts worth more than 430 million pounds in
a wide range of areas. Going forward, Chinese and UK businesses can seize the
opportunities of platforms such as CIIE, the China International Fair for Trade
in Services and the China Import and Export Fair to expand trade and economic
cooperation. Working together, the business communities could contribute to
recovery and growth of both our economies and bring more benefits to our
peoples.
二是合作共贏的開放機遇。中國構建國內國際雙循環新發展格局，致力于全面提高對外開放水平，更有效率地實現內外市場聯通、要素資源共享。脫歐后的英國致力于打造“全球化英國”，擴展全球合作伙伴，希望英方繼續為中國企業在英投資興業提供開放、公平、公正、非歧視的營商環境。中英應加強政策對接和經驗交流，拓展兩國及全球貿易投資金融合作，共建“一帶一路”高質量發展，推動建設開放型世界經濟。
Opportunity number two: open and win-win cooperation. In
building the “dual circulation” development paradigm, China is committed to
opening up at a higher level on all fronts. This will enable better connection
and sharing of production factors and resources between the domestic and
international markets in a more efficient way. The UK aims to build a “global
Britain” after Brexit and find more partners for cooperation around the world.
We hope that the UK will continue to provide an open, fair, just and
non-discriminatory environment for Chinese businesses to invest and operate
here in this country. China and the UK can do more to match our policies, share
our experience, expand bilateral and international cooperation in trade,
investment and financial services, pursue high-quality cooperation on the Belt
and Road Initiative, and contribute to building an open world economy.
三是優勢互補的創新機遇。中國堅持創新驅動發展，加快發展現代產業體系特別是新興產業。英國是世界創新強國，實施產業發展戰略。中英在創新領域優勢互補，可以進一步深化科技和產業創新合作，推動疫情催生的新產業、新業態發展，加強地方發展合作，激發源源不斷的創新潛能，在世界創新合作大潮中走在前列。
Opportunity number
three: China-UK complementarity in innovation. China is pursuing
innovation-driven development and speeding up the development of modern
industries, especially emerging ones. The UK leads the world in innovation and
is implementing a strategy for industrial development. With complementary
strengths in innovation, China and the UK are well positioned to deepen
cooperation in science, technology and industrial innovation. Our two countries
can work together to boost the development of emerging industries and business
models in response to the pandemic, enhance cooperation on development at the
local level, and unlock the potential of innovation, so as to always be at the
forefront of international cooperation in innovation.
四是“兩會”對接的綠色機遇。2021年中英兩國將分別舉辦《生物多樣性公約》第15次締約方會議（COP15）和《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》第26次締約方會議（COP26），雙方正就兩場大會加強對接，實現協同增效。中國推動綠色低碳發展，促進經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型。英國在應對氣變和發展清潔能源、綠色金融等方面具有特色。中英企業應抓住兩場大會契機，積極拓展綠色復蘇、綠色科技和綠色金融等領域合作，共同引領全球氣變治理和綠色發展。
Opportunity number
four: green development and synergy between COP15 and COP26.
In 2021, China and the UK will host COP15 and COP26
respectively. Our two sides are enhancing synergy between the two conferences
to achieve greater results. China is pursuing green and low-carbon development,
and promoting a full transition to green economic growth and social progress. The
UK has unique strengths in climate response, clean energy and green finance. Businesses
from our two countries should seize the opportunities of COP15 and COP26 to
expand cooperation in green recovery, green technology and green finance, and
take the lead in the global governance on climate change and green development.
人們常說：“信心比黃金更珍貴”。 世界正處于動蕩變革之中，中國正開啟新的歷史征程。讓我們堅定信心，抓住機遇，共同譜寫中英合作共贏的新篇章，共同開創世界和平與發展的新未來！
As people often say, confidence is more precious than
gold. Today, the world is undergoing dramatic transformations. China is
embarking on a new, historical journey. Let’s join hands to seize opportunities
with greater confidence. Let’s work together to write a new chapter for
China-UK win-win cooperation and embrace a brighter future for world peace and
development!
謝謝！下面我愿回答大家的提問。
Thank you! Now I
would like to take your questions.
