李克強在第23次東盟與中日韓領導人會議上的講話
Speech at the 23rd ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK Summit
中華人民共和國國務院總理 李克強
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2020年11月14日，北京
Beijing, 14 November 2020
尊敬的阮春福總理，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc,
Colleagues,
很高興通過視頻再次同大家見面。感謝越南政府和阮春福總理為會議所作精心安排。
It gives me great pleasure to see all of you again via video link. I wish to thank the government of Vietnam and Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc for your thoughtful arrangements.
自今年4月舉行東盟與中日韓（10+3）抗擊新冠肺炎疫情領導人特別會議以來，各方積極落實會議各項成果，有力促進地區疫情防控和經濟復蘇，彰顯了10+3作為東亞合作主渠道的重要作用。
In April, we held a Special ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Summit on COVID-19. Since then, all parties have been actively implementing its outcomes, which has bolstered both our response against the virus and economic recovery in the region. Such progress has highlighted APT’s important role as the main channel of East Asian cooperation.
10+3合作因亞洲金融危機而生。多年來，地區國家順應經濟全球化和區域經濟一體化大勢，不斷深化各領域務實合作，搭建了寬領域、多層次的合作格局，建立了清邁倡議多邊化、大米緊急儲備等危機應對機制，提出了東亞共同體等宏偉藍圖，促進了東亞穩定繁榮，培育了團結協作、包容開放的地區文化，給各國民眾帶來福祉和希望。
APT cooperation was initiated in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis. Over the years, countries in the region have followed the trend of economic globalization and regional economic integration, and deepened practical cooperation in various fields. Today, APT cooperation is underpinned by a multi-tiered framework covering wide-ranging areas. A number of crisis response mechanisms including the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization (CMIM) and the ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR) have been established. A broad vision has been outlined for an East Asian Community. All this has contributed to stability and prosperity in East Asia, fostered a regional culture of unity, coordination, inclusiveness and openness, and brought benefits and hope to our peoples.
當前，新冠肺炎疫情仍在肆虐，經濟全球化遭遇逆流，東亞區域經濟一體化進程面臨新的挑戰。同時，維護東亞繁榮穩定局面是地區國家的共同心愿，實現聯動發展、共享發展機遇符合地區國家的共同利益。10+3國家疫情防控取得初步成效，復工復產和產業鏈供應鏈有序恢復，既有各種區域合作機制和渠道保持暢通。有關國際機構預測，東亞有望成為今年全球唯一實現經濟正增長的地區。東亞各國的發展韌性，增添了我們應對挑戰的底氣和信心。
With COVID-19 raging unabated and economic globalization facing headwinds, economic integration in East Asia is confronted with new challenges. Meanwhile, it remains our shared aspiration to pursue enduring prosperity and stability in the region, and it serves our common interests to pursue interconnected development and shared opportunities. APT countries’ COVID-19 response has produced initial results. Business activities as well as industrial and supply chains are coming back gradually. Existing mechanisms and channels for regional cooperation are functioning smoothly. As relevant international agencies projected, East Asia is expected to be the only region to post positive growth in 2020. The resilience of East Asian countries has enhanced our confidence and capacity to overcome challenges.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
10+3國家是推動東亞經濟發展的重要力量。我們要進一步加強溝通與協調，推動政策對接與規則融合，提升10+3合作的韌性與活力，促進東亞經濟整體復蘇，并為地區長遠發展奠定良好基礎。我愿提幾點建議。
APT countries are a vital force for the economic development of the East Asian region. We need to enhance communication and coordination, and promote greater harmonization of policies and rules. More resilient and vibrant APT cooperation will boost the economic recovery of our region, and lay a solid foundation for its development in the long run. In this connection, I would like to make the following proposals:
第一，繼續加強抗疫合作，推進公共衛生能力建設。全球第二波疫情強勢反撲，疫苗是我們的重要武器。中方有四支疫苗進入Ⅲ期臨床試驗，同部分國家開展了疫苗研發、生產、采購等合作。中方已加入“新冠肺炎疫苗實施計劃”，愿積極開展疫苗國際合作。我們愿積極考慮本地區國家實際需求，共同致力于疫苗的可及性和可負擔性。中方歡迎東盟應急醫療物資儲備庫正式成立，愿與各方一道推進10+3應急醫療物資儲備中心建設，加強同東盟儲備庫對接協調。中方明年將主辦10+3公共衛生突發事件應對桌面演練，歡迎各方參加。中方愿推動亞洲基礎設施投資銀行等國際金融機構支持地區國家抗疫努力。
First, we need to work more closely on COVID-19 response and strengthen public health capacity building. Facing a second wave of infections worldwide, vaccines are a powerful weapon for us all. Four Chinese vaccines are currently in Phase III clinical trials, and China is collaborating with a number of countries on R&D, production and procurement. China has joined COVAX and is ready to advance international vaccine cooperation. We will take into account the needs of countries in the region, and work for the accessibility and affordability of vaccines.
China welcomes the official launch of the ASEAN Regional Reserve of Medical Supplies (RRMS). We will work with other parties for the setting-up of an APT Reserve of Medical Supplies for Public Health Emergencies and enhance its coordination with the RRMS.
Next year, China will host the APT Tabletop Exercises for Public Health Emergencies. We look forward to your participation. We will also encourage the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and other international financial institutions to support COVID-19 response efforts of regional countries.
第二，加快自貿區建設，深化東亞區域融合發展。10+3國家經濟總量占全球近三分之一，是世界經濟的重要引擎，已形成你中有我、我中有你的互惠共融格局。即使在疫情背景下，今年前三季度中國同東盟、日本、韓國的貿易均保持基本穩定。特別是歷經8年努力，有關各方即將正式簽署《區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定》（RCEP）。作為世界上人口數量最多、成員結構最多元、發展潛力最大的自貿區，RCEP是繼東盟經濟共同體建成后，區域經濟一體化的又一重要里程碑。它照顧了最廣泛國家的利益、特點和訴求，體現了多邊主義精神，對外發出東亞國家團結協作、共促繁榮的明確信號，將為本地區發展和全球經濟復蘇作出重要貢獻。中方將一如既往支持東盟發揮主導作用，推動這一安排盡快生效，促進區域內的商品、技術、服務、人員、資本流動，形成域內統一的經貿規則體系。中方愿與各方一道積極做好協定實施工作，使這一可喜成果更早惠及地區企業和民眾。
Second, we need to accelerate the building of FTAs and deepen integrated development of East Asia. Accounting for nearly a third of the global GDP, APT countries are important engines of the world economy. Highly integrated and complementary, we all have a stake in each other’s success. In the first three quarters, even under COVID-19, China’s trade with ASEAN, Japan and the ROK have all held basically steady. It is especially worth noting that, after eight years of hard work, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) will be officially signed by the relevant parties. As the most promising FTA covering the largest population and most diverse membership, the RCEP will be yet another important milestone in regional economic integration following the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community. It accommodates the broadest possible interests, conditions and priorities of different countries. Embodying the spirit of multilateralism, the RCEP sends a clear message of East Asian countries working together for shared prosperity and will make important contributions to regional development and global recovery.
China will, as always, support ASEAN centrality and work for early entry into force of this FTA to facilitate the flow of goods, technologies, services, people and capital in this region and foster a unified regional system of economic and trade rules. China will work vigorously with all parties to ensure sound implementation of the RCEP and enable businesses and people of the region to benefit as early as possible from this successful outcome.
第三，暢通區域產業鏈供應鏈，提升東亞產業體系競爭力。半個多世紀以來，東亞已逐步形成了優勢互補、有序銜接、配套完善的產業體系，為推動各國經濟增長和提高區域競爭力發揮重要作用。立足當前，各方應加強協作，推動區域產業鏈供應鏈盡早修復、暢通運轉。中方倡議在有效防控疫情前提下，逐步構建區域“快捷通道”和“綠色通道”網絡，便利人員和貨物往來。中小微企業是產業鏈不可或缺的重要環節，10+3中小企業服務聯盟秘書處已在華正式運行，首次10+3銀聯體理事會日前成功舉行，將更好支持中小微企業發展。著眼長遠，我們應發揮東亞新興經濟體眾多、產業鏈高中低端完整、人口紅利充足、市場規模巨大的獨特優勢，推動建立開放、暢通、安全、穩定的地區生產體系，提升整體競爭力和防風險能力，暢通地區經濟循環，同時為促進世界經濟穩定增長貢獻力量。中方愿與各方探討供應鏈融資合作，加強本幣在貿易投資中的使用。10+3供應鏈互聯互通聯合研究已完成，將為地區生產體系建設提供有益政策指導。
Third, we need to facilitate the smooth functioning of the industrial and supply chains of the region and make East Asia’s industrial system more competitive. Over the past 50 years and more, a well-connected and sophisticated industrial system that draws on the strengths of different parties has gradually taken shape in East Asia, playing an important role in spurring economic growth of regional countries and enhancing regional competitiveness. Under the current circumstances, all parties must step up coordination for early restoration and smooth functioning of the region’s industrial and supply chains.
China proposes that, with effective containment measures in place, a regional network of “fast tracks” and “green lanes” be established in a phased manner to facilitate the flow of people and goods.
Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are an indispensable link in the industrial chain. The Secretariat of APT SME Service Alliance is now officially operational in China, and the Executive Board of the APT Inter-Bank Cooperation Mechanism has successfully met for the first time to further support MSMEs.
Taking a long view, we need to leverage the unique strengths of East Asia, including its many emerging economies, full-fledged industrial chains covering low, medium and high ends of production, sufficient population dividends, and enormous markets. By working together, we will build an open, smooth, safe and stable regional production system in East Asia, which will serve to raise its overall competitiveness and resilience, foster regional economic circulation and contribute to the steady growth of the world economy. China is ready to discuss with all parties cooperation on supply chain finance and enhance the use of local currencies in trade and investment. The Joint Study on 10+3 Cooperation for Improvement of Supply Chain Connectivity has been completed and will provide useful policy guidance for the regional production system.
第四，抓住數字經濟機遇，打造東亞創新高地。疫情催生“非接觸經濟”、“線上經濟”、“低碳經濟”。我們應順應數據化、網絡化、智能化發展趨勢，用好東亞國家市場規模優勢，推動“互聯網+”、大數據、5G、人工智能、電子商務、智慧城市等領域合作，推動“線上經濟”與“線下經濟”融合發展，分享發展機遇，開拓增長空間。希望各方堅持市場化原則，為企業合作營造公平公正、非歧視、可預期的營商環境。中方發起“全球數據安全倡議”，希望同各方加強數字治理合作，共同構建和平、安全、開放、合作、有序的網絡空間。各方還可探討加強金融創新，用好大數據、人工智能等金融科技手段，提高金融服務實體經濟和社會大眾的能力。探索為區域金融安全網設計多樣化救助工具，進一步提升清邁倡議多邊化可用性和有效性，提升東盟與中日韓宏觀經濟研究辦公室作用，同時更好發揮區域信用擔保與投資基金的作用。
Fourth, we need to seize the opportunities of the digital economy and make East Asia the land of innovation. COVID-19 has given rise to the contactless economy, online economy and low-carbon economy. We need to embrace the trends of digital, Internet-based and smart development, harness the extensive scale of East Asian markets, promote cooperation in Internet-plus, big data, 5G, artificial intelligence, e-commerce, smart cities and other fields, and pursue integrated growth of “online” and “offline” economies in order to share development opportunities and expand space for growth. We hope all parties will uphold market principles and create a fair, equitable, non-discriminatory and predictable business environment for cooperation among enterprises.
China has put forward the Global Initiative on Data Security in the hope of enhancing data governance cooperation with all parties and jointly forging a cyberspace featuring peace, security, openness, cooperation and order. We may also explore greater financial innovation by harnessing financial technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, which will make the financial sector better able to serve the real economy and the general public. We need to explore the design of diversified supporting facilities for the regional financial safety net and make the CMIM more effective and readily available. The role of the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office will be further enhanced, and the Credit Guarantee and Investment Facility better utilized.
第五，聚焦社會民生合作，實現東亞可持續發展。疫情沖擊各國減貧努力，侵蝕減貧成果。今年是中國脫貧攻堅決戰決勝之年，中國在實現自身減貧的同時，愿繼續在力所能及的范圍內根據東盟國家需要，實施“東亞減貧合作倡議二期”項目，幫助貧困地區建設小型基礎設施、公共服務設施，開展生計改善示范和能力建設，舉辦10+3村官交流活動，協助落實東盟一體化倡議，實現地區協調發展。各方應共同推動后疫情時期“綠色復蘇”。中方愿開展沿海城市應對氣候變化合作，打造10+3沿海城市交流平臺，加強海洋塑料垃圾防治領域交流對話，繼續辦好10+3清潔能源圓桌對話會。為提高地區災害管理和應急響應能力，中方倡議盡早召開10+3災害管理部長會議。中方也愿繼續通過“中日韓+X”合作模式，開展更多衛生、環保、減災項目合作。
Fifth, we need to focus on cooperation in social and livelihood areas to realize sustainable development in East Asia. COVID-19 has disrupted our efforts and eroded the gains in poverty alleviation. For China, this year is the year for winning a decisive victory against extreme poverty. While relieving poverty in our country, we will continue to do our best to help meet the poverty reduction needs in ASEAN countries.
China will implement the projects under the East Asian Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction (phase II), including building small-scale infrastructure and public service facilities in poverty-stricken areas and demonstration and capacity building programs for livelihood improvement. We will continue to hold the APT Village Leaders Exchange Program and facilitate the implementation of the Initiative for ASEAN Integration. All these will contribute to realizing balanced development in the region.
Parties need to work together to promote post-COVID green recovery. China proposes conducting climate change cooperation among coastal cities and developing an APT platform for exchanges between coastal cities. Communication and dialogue will be stepped up on the prevention and treatment of marine plastic debris, and China will continue to host the APT Clean Energy Roundtable Dialogue. To increase our region’s capability for disaster management and emergency response, China proposes holding the APT Ministerial Meeting on Disaster Management at an early date. China is also ready to carry out more cooperation programs on health, environmental protection and disaster relief under the “China-Japan-ROK plus X” model.
東亞的繁榮發展離不開和平穩定的國際環境。作為半島近鄰和負責任大國，中方支持韓方改善南北關系的積極努力。中方愿同地區各國一道，為實現本地區持久和平發揮積極作用。
East Asia cannot achieve greater prosperity and progress without a peaceful and stable international environment. As a close neighbor of the Korean Peninsula and a responsible major country, China supports the positive efforts by the ROK to improve inter-Korean relations. China is ready to work with other regional countries and play a positive role in realizing lasting peace in the region.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
今年突如其來的新冠肺炎疫情對中國經濟造成嚴重沖擊。一季度中國國內生產總值同比下降6.8%，失業率出現較為明顯上升。我們統籌疫情防控和經濟社會發展工作，及時推動復工復產，實施援企穩崗、保障民生等一攬子措施，努力把疫情影響降到最低。從4月份開始，經濟逐月恢復。前三季度國內生產總值同比增長0.7%。特別是就業形勢基本穩定，城鎮新增就業898萬人，接近完成年度預期目標任務，9月份城鎮調查失業率回落至5.4%。可以說，中國就業和經濟基本盤已經穩住了。這表明中國經濟有強大韌性和巨大潛能，說明我們實施的一系列宏觀政策是及時有力合理的。
The sudden onslaught of COVID-19 has seriously impacted China’s economy. GDP dropped by 6.8 percent year on year in the first quarter of this year, and the unemployment rate rose notably. In response, China has adopted a coordinated approach to control the virus and promote economic and social development. A host of measures were promptly taken to reopen the economy, support businesses, sustain jobs and protect people’s livelihood to minimize the impact of COVID-19.
Starting from April, China’s economy has been recovering month by month. GDP grew by 0.7 percent year on year for the first three quarters. It is worth noting that the employment situation has been basically stable, with 8.98 million new urban jobs created, close to fulfilling this year’s projected target, and the surveyed urban unemployment rate fell to 5.4 percent in September. On the whole, China’s employment and economic fundamentals have remained stable, which is a testament to the strong resilience and tremendous potential of China’s economy, and the timely, strong and well-calibrated macro policies we have implemented.
今年是中國“十三五”規劃收官之年，各項目標任務有望如期完成，全面建成小康社會勝利在望。不久前，中國共產黨十九屆五中全會勝利閉幕，會議審議通過了《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十四個五年規劃和二〇三五年遠景目標的建議》，為中國未來一段時期的發展制定新的藍圖。從明年起中國將開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程，進入新發展階段。我們提出構建新發展格局，促進國內國際雙循環，將更加重視擴大內需和暢通國內市場，更加重視國際合作和對外開放。中國有14億人口，中等收入群體超過4億，是全球最具成長性的大市場。中國將全面提高對外開放水平，推動貿易和投資自由化便利化，完善外商投資準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，依法保護外資企業合法權益，營造內外資企業一視同仁、公平競爭的市場環境。中國的市場是開放的大市場，面向世界的大市場，將為包括周邊國家在內的世界各國提供更多發展機遇。
This year is the final year for the implementation of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan. All the goals laid out in the Plan are expected to be met on schedule, and the task of building a moderately prosperous society will soon be completed.
Last month, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was successfully held. The plenum adopted the Recommendations of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Goals for 2035, drawing up a new blueprint for China’s development in the coming years. From next year on, China will begin a new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country and enter a new stage of development.
China has set out to foster a new development paradigm that aims to promote both domestic and international circulations. We will give greater importance to boosting domestic demand and energizing the domestic market, and place greater emphasis on international cooperation and opening-up.
With a 1.4 billion population and a middle-income group of over 400 million, China is the world’s most promising market. Going forward, China will pursue a higher level of opening-up across the board, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and improve the management system combining pre-establishment national treatment and the negative list for the access of foreign investment.
We will protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign businesses in accordance with the law and foster a level playing field where all businesses, domestic or foreign, are treated as equals. China, a big market open to the whole world, will provide more development opportunities for its neighbors and for all in the world.
東亞是我們的共同家園，需要我們共同守護、共同建設。我相信，在各方攜手努力下，東亞一定能夠早日走出疫情影響，迎接更加燦爛的明天！
East Asia is our shared home; we must all take care of it and build it into a better place. I am confident that with our concerted efforts, East Asia will emerge from the pandemic at an early date and embrace an even brighter future.
謝謝大家。
Thank you.
