李克強在第15屆東亞峰會上的講話
Speech at the 15th East Asia Summit
中華人民共和國國務院總理 李克強
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2020年11月14日，北京
Beijing, 14 November 2020
尊敬的阮春福總理，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc,
Colleagues,
很高興同大家在線上交流。感謝越南政府和阮春福總理為本次會議所做的大量工作。
It is my pleasure to join you via video link. Let me begin by thanking the Vietnamese government and Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc for your tremendous efforts in putting this meeting together.
今年是東亞峰會成立15周年，東盟成立53周年，明年我們還將迎來中國-東盟建立對話關系30周年。在東亞合作發展的重要階段，在全球抗擊新冠肺炎疫情、各國推進經濟復蘇的特殊背景下，舉行此次會議具有重要意義。
This year marks the 15th anniversary of the East Asia Summit (EAS) and the 53rd anniversary of the founding of ASEAN. Next year, we will celebrate the 30th anniversary of the dialogue relations between China and ASEAN. As East Asian cooperation reached an important moment of development, and as countries around the world are fighting to defeat COVID-19 and revive the economy, our meeting today has taken on special significance.
當前國際地區形勢加速演變。新冠肺炎疫情仍在全球肆虐，威脅人民生命健康安全，沖擊各國經濟社會發展。保護主義、單邊主義上升，世界經濟受到嚴重沖擊，多邊貿易體制受挫，全球治理難題日益凸顯，同時地區熱點和非傳統安全威脅此起彼伏，地緣政治風險加劇。據國際機構預測，今年全球經濟將萎縮4.4%，全球貿易可能縮水13%至32%，國際投資下滑近一半，各國發展面臨嚴峻挑戰。
We are now at a time of rapid change both in our region and internationally. COVID-19 continues to ravage the world, threatening human life and health and affecting economic and social development of all countries. Protectionism and unilateralism have been on the rise, seriously impacting the world economy, challenging the multilateral trading regime and exposing the deficiencies in global governance. All this is compounded by ongoing regional hotspots and non-traditional security threats and growing geopolitical risks.
According to international institutions, the year 2020 will see a 4.4% contraction of the world economy, 13% to 32% decline of global trade and almost 50% plunge in international investment. Countries all face serious challenges of development.
同時，疫情催生了非接觸經濟等新業態，加速經濟社會數字化轉型，進一步激發出發展新動能。經濟全球化仍將在調整中向前發展，謀求和平發展、促進開放合作符合各國根本利益，仍是人心所向、大勢所趨。東亞國家立足自身國情，在抗擊疫情和經濟恢復方面都取得積極成效。我們應該保持團結，聚焦發展，擴大合作，提振各界對地區發展前景的信心。
At the same time, the pandemic has also energized new forms of industry such as contact-free economy, quickened the digital transformation of the economy and society, and fostered new drivers of growth. Economic globalization will continue to move forward, though with necessary adjustments. Peace, development, openness and cooperation serves the fundamental interests of all countries, and represents the overwhelming aspiration of our people and the trend of our times.
In light of our national conditions, we East Asian countries have worked to control the virus and reopen our economy, and have made good progress on both fronts. We should remain united, focus on development, and expand cooperation to instill confidence in the development prospects of our region.
東亞峰會成立15年來，作為“領導人引領的戰略論壇”，始終堅持東盟中心地位，堅持不干涉內政、協商一致、照顧各方舒適度等基本原則，平衡推進政治安全合作與經濟社會發展，為促進各成員間互信，保持東亞合作勢頭作出積極貢獻。面對新的形勢，東亞峰會作為成員涵蓋亞太主要國家、具有廣泛代表性和影響力的地區機制，應該在應對危機、促進合作方面發揮重要作用。我愿提出以下建議：
Since its inception 15 years ago, the EAS has been playing its role as a “leaders-led strategic forum”. By upholding ASEAN centrality and basic principles such as non-interference in internal affairs, consensus building and accommodating each other’s comfort level, it has advanced both political and security cooperation and economic and social development, actively contributing to trust among its members and the momentum of East Asian cooperation.
With members including major countries in the Asia Pacific, the EAS enjoys extensive representation and influence. Under the changing circumstances, this regional framework needs to step up to tackle the crisis and promote cooperation. In this connection, I wish to make the following proposals:
一是團結抗擊疫情，提升公共衛生能力。我們要秉持科學精神，堅持精準施策，加強相互協作，筑牢遏制疫情蔓延的防火墻。我們要加強疫苗研發、采購、生產合作，為促進疫苗可及性和可負擔性作出貢獻。我們要充分發揮世界衛生組織作用，推進國際聯防聯控，堅決打贏全球疫情阻擊戰，努力構建人類衛生健康共同體。中國已加入“新冠肺炎疫苗實施計劃”，承諾向聯合國新冠肺炎疫情全球人道主義應對計劃再提供5000萬美元支持。中方將繼續幫助地區國家戰勝疫情，包括提供必要抗疫物資，開展疫苗合作，援建核酸檢測實驗室，支持東盟啟動抗疫基金、建立應急醫療物資儲備庫等。中方同有關國家合辦東亞峰會新冠肺炎專家研討會，支持會議發表“關于增強共同預防和應對流行病能力的聲明”，愿同各方一道，以合力戰勝疫情為契機，加強公共衛生合作，增強地區應對公共衛生突發事件能力。
First, we need to work together to fight COVID-19 and bolster public health capacity. We need to follow the spirit of science, take targeted and coordinated steps to build a strong line of defense against the virus. We need to collaborate on vaccine research and development, procurement and production, and promote the accessibility and affordability of vaccines. Bringing into full play the role of the World Health Organization, we need to pursue coordinated global response to defeat the virus and build a global community of health for all.
On its part, China has joined COVAX and pledged another US$50 million to the UN COVID-19 Global Humanitarian Response Plan. China will continue to help fellow countries in the region, through the provision of much needed medical supplies, collaboration on vaccine, building nucleic acid testing labs and supporting ASEAN in launching the COVID-19 response fund and a regional reserve of medical supplies. China has also co-hosted the EAS Health Experts Meeting.
We support the release of the statement on strengthening collective capacity in epidemic prevention and response. We hope that through working together on COVID-19, we will enhance public health cooperation and strengthen our region’s preparedness for public health emergencies.
二是加強政策協調，形成經濟復蘇合力。東亞經濟韌性較強，有望成為今年全球唯一經濟正增長的地區。當務之急是加強國際合作，盡力減少疫情對經濟增長影響。要密切政策協調，構建人員往來“快捷通道”和貨物流通“綠色通道”網絡，保持產業鏈供應鏈穩定暢通，推進基礎設施建設大項目。要堅定維護自由貿易，維護多邊貿易體制，以簽署《區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定》為契機，提升貿易和投資自由化便利化水平，實現高水平的區域經濟一體化。要抓住新業態新模式帶來的機遇，培育和壯大新的增長點，帶動地區各國共同發展。我們支持東盟制定“東盟全面復蘇框架”和落實計劃，愿繼續深化共建“一帶一路”倡議同東盟發展規劃對接。中方感謝各方支持中方倡議“關于合作促進地區經濟穩定增長的聲明”，將同各方攜手努力，推進東亞經濟復蘇發展。
Second, we need to enhance policy coordination and form synergy for economic recovery. With strong economic resilience, East Asia is poised to be the only region to realize positive growth this year. It is most crucial to step up international cooperation to minimize COVID-19’s impact on economic growth. We need to strengthen policy coordination, build a network of “fast tracks” and “green lanes” to facilitate flows of people and goods, keep industrial and supply chains stable and unimpeded, and take forward major infrastructure projects.
We need to firmly uphold free trade and the multilateral trading system, and build on the signing of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and realize high-level economic integration in the region. It is important to capitalize on the opportunities brought by new business forms and models to foster new growth drivers and propel the development in countries across the region. We support the ASEAN Comprehensive Recovery Framework and its Implementation Plan, and will continue synergizing China’s Belt and Road Initiative and ASEAN’s development plans. China appreciates all parties’ support for the Leaders’ Statement on Cooperation for Steady Growth of Regional Economy. By working together, we will bolster economic recovery and growth in East Asia.
三是開展務實合作，增強可持續發展能力。東亞峰會作為覆蓋亞太地區主要國家的地區合作機制，應始終聚焦發展這個各國利益的最大公約數，繼續圍繞能源、教育、金融等六大重點領域開展合作，加大對氣候變化、恐怖主義、網絡安全等非傳統安全合作投入，踐行共同、綜合、合作、可持續的新安全觀。習近平主席在聯大會議上宣布，中國將努力爭取于2030年前達到二氧化碳排放峰值，2060年前實現碳中和。中方將落實這一承諾，愿同東亞峰會成員加強應對氣候變化合作。中方明年將繼續舉辦新能源論壇、清潔能源論壇等項目，歡迎各方積極參與。中方愿同各方分享各領域減貧經驗和實踐，助力減貧國際合作。在數字經濟蓬勃發展的背景下，中方愿同各方共同推進全球數字治理和網絡安全合作。中方支持會議發表“關于海洋可持續性的聲明”，愿就海上救災等領域開展合作。
Third, we need to advance practical cooperation and build greater capacity for sustainable development. As a regional cooperation framework of extensive representation in the Asia-Pacific, the EAS should stay focused on development, which best serves the common interests of all countries. Cooperation in the six priority areas including energy, education and finance should remain the central task, non-traditional security cooperation in such areas as climate change, counter-terrorism and cybersecurity needs to be scaled up, and the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security should be upheld.
At this year’s United Nations General Assembly, President Xi Jinping announced that China aims to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. China will match this commitment with actions, and stands ready to step up climate cooperation with EAS participating countries. Next year, China will continue to hold such events as the New Energy Forum and Clean Energy Forum. Your active participation is most welcome.
China stands ready to share poverty relief experience and practices in various sectors and contribute to international cooperation on this front. With digital economy burgeoning, China hopes to work with all parties to advance global digital governance and cybersecurity cooperation. China supports the EAS Leaders’ Statement on Marine Sustainability, and stands ready to conduct cooperation in maritime disaster relief and other related areas.
四是加強東盟主導，增強區域架構凝聚力。東亞峰會15年發展歷程表明，東盟中心地位是維護地區和平穩定的關鍵要素和重要基礎。各方廣泛參與，共同維護以東盟為主導的區域架構，符合地區根本利益。當前形勢下，中方主張加強東盟中心地位，主張強化東盟主導的地區合作機制，主張區域架構保持開放性，對所有各方平等包容，不搞小圈子，維護東亞合作正確方向。受疫情影響，亞太地區安全架構研究相關活動推遲到明年舉行，中方愿同各方一道繼續支持探討符合地區實際的區域安全理念和架構。中方支持“紀念東亞峰會成立15周年河內宣言”，支持東亞峰會主席國發揮更積極的建設性協調作用。
Fourth, we need to strengthen ASEAN centrality and the cohesion of the regional architecture. The 15-year development of the EAS shows that ASEAN centrality is a key element that underpins regional peace and stability. Hence, it serves the fundamental interests of our region for all parties to participate in and safeguard the ASEAN-led regional architecture. Under the current circumstances, China advocates enhancing ASEAN centrality and strengthening the ASEAN-led regional cooperation frameworks. Instead of forming exclusive blocs, the regional architecture should stay open and inclusive for all parties to participate in on an equal footing, which is the right direction of East Asian cooperation.
Due to COVID-19, researches on the security architecture in the Asia-Pacific and related activities will be rescheduled for next year. China will continue to work with other parties in support of discussions on regional security concept and architectures that suit this region’s reality. China endorses the Ha Noi Declaration on the Fifteenth Anniversary of the East Asia Summit, and supports EAS chairs in playing a more constructive role of coordination.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
東亞的發展繁榮離不開南海的和平穩定。當前形勢下，南海局勢穩定的現實意義更加突出。今年以來，各國的商船、班機以及滿載抗疫物資的貨輪、飛機經由南海往來穿梭，南海作為地區國家開展經貿人員往來和抗疫物資運輸的重要通道，始終確保了暢通、安全、便捷。
The development and prosperity of East Asia would not be possible without a peaceful and stable South China Sea. The current circumstances make it all the more important to maintain stability in the South China Sea. Since the beginning of this year, commercial vessels and flights of various countries and cargo ships and planes loaded with anti-epidemic supplies have crisscrossed the South China Sea, which has served as an important conduit for trade, people-to-people exchanges and transportation of medical supplies between regional countries. Such sea-borne traffic has been smooth, safe and efficient.
南海問題是復雜的歷史遺留問題。中方維護南海和平穩定的決心堅定不移。我們堅定維護和促進國際法治，尊重包括《聯合國海洋法公約》在內的國際法，支持依據包括《公約》和《南海各方行為宣言》等在內的公認的國際法原則妥善處理南海問題。我們將一如既往，同東盟國家一道，全面有效落實《南海各方行為宣言》，穩步推進“南海行為準則”磋商。作為《宣言》升級版，“準則”將更富實質內容、更有效力、更具可操作性。中方致力于早日達成“準則”的態度始終如一，決心堅定不移。希望各方尊重地區國家維護南海和平穩定的努力，共同把南海建設成和平之海、友誼之海、合作之海。
The South China Sea issue is a complex one left from history. China remains firmly committed to peace and stability in the South China Sea. Committed to safeguarding and promoting international rule of law, we respect international law including UNCLOS, and support the proper handling of the South China Sea issue in accordance with universally-recognized principles of international law, UNCLOS and the DOC included. We will, as always, work with ASEAN countries to fully and effectively implement the DOC and steadily advance COC consultations. As an upgrade of the DOC, the COC will be more substantive, effective and operable. China stays firmly committed to concluding the COC at an early date. We hope that all countries would respect regional parties’ efforts to uphold peace and stability in the South China Sea, and jointly build it into a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
今年以來，疫情對中國經濟也造成了嚴重影響。我們統籌推進疫情防控和經濟社會發展工作，及時出臺措施保就業保民生保市場主體，努力把疫情影響降到最低。中國經濟在巨大沖擊中穩住了就業和經濟基本盤，實現恢復性增長。前不久，中國共產黨十九屆五中全會審議通過了《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十四個五年規劃和二〇三五年遠景目標的建議》，指出中國將進入新發展階段，致力于貫徹新發展理念，推動高質量發展，加快構建新發展格局。隨著中國內需潛力逐步釋放，將為地區國家發展提供更多機遇，為世界經濟復蘇注入新動力。
COVID-19 has also seriously impacted the Chinese economy this year. In response, we have adopted a balanced approach to epidemic containment and economic and social development. Measures have been promptly introduced to support employment, people’s basic living needs and market entities in a bid to minimize the damage. Despite the huge blow from COVID-19, we managed to stabilize employment and the fundamentals of the Chinese economy, and achieved recovery and growth.
At the Fifth Plenum of the 19th CPC Central Committee held last month, the Recommendations of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Goals for 2035 was adopted. The Plenum pointed out that, as China enters a new stage of development, it will be committed to applying the new development philosophy, pursuing high-quality development and fostering a new development paradigm at a faster pace. With the potential of its domestic demand gradually unleashed, China will provide even more opportunities to the development of regional countries and lend fresh impetus to global recovery.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
東亞持續穩定發展的大好局面來之不易，值得我們倍加珍惜、用心呵護。中方愿同峰會各方加強互信、坦誠對話、深化合作，為共創地區美好未來和增進各國人民福祉不懈努力。
Sustained stability and development in East Asia has not come easy, and must be cherished and preserved by all of us. China will enhance mutual trust, maintain candid dialogue and deepen cooperation with EAS participating countries and work tirelessly for a bright future of the region and for the well-being of our peoples.
