王毅在《人民日報》撰文談中非合作論壇成立20周年
二十載命運與共，新時代再攀高峰
Two Decades of a Shared Journey Toward New Heights in the New Era
——紀念中非合作論壇成立20周年
– Commemorating the 20th Anniversary of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation
國務委員兼外交部長 王毅
Wang Yi State, Councilor and Minister of Foreign Affairs
2020年是中非合作論壇成立20年。10月12日，習近平主席同論壇現任非方共同主席國、塞內加爾總統薩勒共致賀電慶祝這一重要事件。20年前，中國和非洲兄弟迎著新世紀的曙光，順應和平與發展時代主題，高舉合作共贏的大旗，倡議成立了中非合作論壇。中非友好大家庭從此有了屬于自己的集體對話平臺和務實合作機制，中非關系邁入了新的歷史發展階段。
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the founding of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). On 12 October, President Xi Jinping and President Macky Sall of Senegal, the current African Co-Chair of FOCAC, issued a joint congratulatory message to mark this important occasion. Embracing the dawn of the new century and the trend of peace and development 20 years ago, China and our brothers in Africa decided to initiate FOCAC to promote win-win cooperation. Since then, the family of China and African nations has had its own platform for collective dialogue and mechanism for practical cooperation, ushering in a brand-new chapter in China-Africa relations.
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20年風雨兼程，20年春華秋實。在中非合作論壇引領下，中非高層互動日益頻繁，政治互信持續深化，中非關系完成了“新型伙伴關系”、“新型戰略伙伴關系”、“全面戰略合作伙伴關系”三級跳。中非合作舉世矚目。2019年，中國對非直接投資存量491億美元，較2000年增長近百倍；中非貿易額2087億美元，是2000年的20倍。中國連續11年成為非洲第一大貿易伙伴，連續多年對非洲經濟增長貢獻率超過20%。非盟會議中心、亞吉鐵路、蒙內鐵路等一大批新旗艦項目在非洲建成使用，科教文衛、民間交往、和平安全等領域合作全面發展，不斷取得重要成果。
The past twenty years have been a journey of productive cooperation. FOCAC has bolstered high-level interactions and political trust between China and Africa, delivering a leap in China-Africa relations from “a new type of partnership” to “a new type of strategic partnership” and to “a comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership”.
China-Africa cooperation has made impressive achievements. In 2019, direct Chinese investment stock in Africa topped US$49.1 billion, up by nearly 100 times from the year 2000; China-Africa trade reached US$208.7 billion, 20 times the size of 2000. China has been Africa’s largest trading partner for 11 years in a row, and has contributed more than 20% to Africa’s growth for a number of years. Many flagship projects – the African Union (AU) Conference Center, the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, and the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway, to name a few – have been completed and put into use. Cooperation in other fields, from science, education, culture, health, to people-to-people exchange, peace and security, is also making significant headway.
黨的十八大以來，習近平主席高度重視對非工作，親自提出真實親誠對非政策理念和正確義利觀，親自推動構建更加緊密的中非命運共同體，親力親為開展對非元首外交，引領中非關系跑出亮麗的“加速度”。
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), President Xi Jinping has set great store by China’s relations with Africa. He personally laid down principles guiding China’s Africa policy, including sincerity, real results, amity and good faith, and pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and called for building a stronger China-Africa community with a shared future. His devotion to leadership diplomacy with Africa has given a strong boost to the relations between the two sides.
——政治基礎日益牢固。2013年，習近平主席就任國家主席后首次出訪就選擇非洲，迄今已4次訪非，足跡遍布非洲大陸東西南北中。2015年和2018年，中非領導人先后在南非約翰內斯堡和北京召開兩次歷史性峰會。今年6月，在抗擊新冠肺炎疫情關鍵時刻，中非團結抗疫特別峰會及時召開。中非政治交往的頻率、廣度和規模前所未有，僅論壇北京峰會期間，習近平主席出席的多雙邊活動就持續8天、多達70余場。岡比亞、圣多美和普林西比、布基納法索同中國復交，中非友好大家庭空前壯大。
The political foundation has been cemented. In 2013, President Xi Jinping chose Africa as the destination of his first overseas visit as the Head of State of China. So far, he has visited Africa four times, covering all sub-regions of the continent. In 2015 and 2018, Chinese and African leaders convened two historic FOCAC summits: one in Johannesburg and one in Beijing. In June this year, the Extraordinary China-Africa Summit on Solidarity Against COVID-19 was held at a critical moment in tackling the coronavirus. Political interactions between the two sides are more frequent, extensive and unprecedented in scale. For example, on the sidelines of the FOCAC Beijing Summit, President Xi Jinping attended more than 70 bilateral and multilateral events in eight days. With the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between China and The Gambia, S?o Tomé and Príncipe, and Burkina Faso, the China-Africa family has been further expanded.
——務實合作碩果累累。中非經貿合作加速發展，呈現從政府主導向市場運作轉型、從商品貿易向產能合作升級、從工程承包向投資運營邁進的良好勢頭。中非共同制訂實施“十大合作計劃”、“八大行動”，將務實合作推向歷史新高。中非共建“一帶一路”勢頭不可阻擋，44個非洲國家和非盟委員會同中方簽署“一帶一路”合作文件，鐵路、公路、機場、港口、電站等一大批項目成功實施，給非洲經濟社會發展帶來顯著變化。
Practical cooperation has been fruitful. China-Africa economic and trade cooperation has been growing at a higher speed, demonstrating three encouraging shifts: from government-driven to market-driven, from trade in goods to industrial cooperation, and from engineering contracts to investment and operations. Together, the two sides drafted and implemented ten cooperation plans and eight major initiatives, taking practical cooperation to a new level. China-Africa Belt and Road cooperation is progressing with a strong momentum: 44 African countries and the AU Commission signed Belt and Road cooperation documents with China, and a host of projects such as railways, roads, airports, ports and power stations have come to fruition, enabling remarkable change in Africa’s economic and social development.
——人文交流空前活躍。中非青年大聯歡、智庫論壇、聯合研究交流計劃、減貧發展高端對話會、中非新聞交流中心等活動成功舉行，中國非洲研究院正式成立，各領域交流互鑒豐富多彩。中國累計向非洲國家提供了約12萬個政府獎學金名額，在非洲46國合建61所孔子學院和44家孔子課堂，向非洲48國派遣醫療隊隊員2.1萬人次，診治非洲患者約2.2億人次，雙方建立150對友好城市關系。中非友誼的民意基礎更加鞏固。
People-to-people exchanges have been thriving. Events across a diverse range of areas, including the China-Africa Youth Festival, Think Tank Forum, Joint Research and Exchange Program, Poverty Reduction and Development Conference, and the China-Africa Press Center, have been successful. And the China-Africa Institute has already been inaugurated. So far, China has provided about 120,000 government scholarships to African countries, set up 61 Confucius Institutes and 44 Confucius Classrooms in collaboration with 46 African countries, sent 21,000 doctors and nurses in medical teams to 48 African countries, treating around 220 million African patients, and forged 150 pairs of sister cities. All these efforts have consolidated popular support for China-Africa friendship.
——相互支持愈加堅定。在抗擊埃博拉和新冠肺炎疫情中，中非并肩戰斗。在涉及彼此核心利益和重大關切問題上，中非相互支持。中非和平安全合作更加深入。中非攜手捍衛多邊主義，反對單邊主義和保護主義，堅定維護以聯合國為核心的國際秩序和國際體系，堅定維護和平共處五項原則等國際關系基本準則，有力維護了發展中國家共同利益和國際社會整體利益。
Mutual support has been further strengthened. China and Africa fought side by side against both Ebola and COVID-19. The two sides have supported each other on issues of each other’s core interests and major concerns. China-Africa peace and security cooperation has been deepened. The two sides have jointly supported multilateralism, opposed unilateralism and protectionism, safeguarded the international order and international system with the United Nations at the core, and promoted the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and other basic norms governing international relations. Such collaboration has effectively upheld the shared interests of developing countries as well as the overall interests of the whole international community.
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20年櫛風沐雨，20年大浪淘沙。中非合作論壇歷經國際風云考驗，取得載入史冊的豐碩成果，成為中國外交貫徹落實習近平外交思想、開拓創新、銳意進取的生動縮影，也為進一步發展好中非關系提供了重要啟示。
The past twenty years have been a journey of overcoming challenges and enhancing partnerships. FOCAC has withstood the test of the volatile international landscape, and scored historic achievements. It is a vivid epitome of China’s pioneering efforts in foreign affairs under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. It is also a source of aspiration for further growth of China-Africa relations.
始終堅持團結合作共商共建。中國是世界最大的發展中國家，非洲是發展中國家最集中的大陸。中非合作興，則南南合作興。中非26億人民的聲音被傾聽和尊重，世界才有真正的公平與正義。我們始終牢牢把握南南合作這一中非關系根本定位，本著團結合作精神推動論壇發展。論壇不是1對54，而是54加1。遇事多商量，有事好商量，這是我們做事的原則。中方不干涉非洲國家探索符合國情的發展道路，不把自己的意志強加于人，不在援助中附加任何政治條件，不在投融資中謀取政治私利。我們既重視發揮論壇的頂層設計和戰略引領作用，也著力筑牢同每個論壇成員的雙邊關系，讓論壇機制和雙邊合作“兩個輪子”一起轉，構筑起多雙邊結合的強大伙伴關系網絡，有力提升了中非關系的國際影響，論壇成為引領南南合作和國際對非合作的一面旗幟。
We have always pursued solidarity, consultation and cooperation. China is the largest developing country and the African continent home to the largest number of developing countries. When China-Africa cooperation prospers, South-South cooperation will prosper. When the voice of the 2.6 billion people in China and Africa are heeded and respected, the world will have genuine fairness and justice.
From the very beginning, we have always taken China-Africa relations as part of South-South cooperation, and have advanced FOCAC in the spirit of solidarity and cooperation. FOCAC, composed of China and 53 African countries and the AU, is by no means “one vs. 54”, but “54 plus one”. We would sit down in consultation whenever there is an issue, and solve it through discussion. And that is the guiding principle for our conduct. China never interferes in African countries’ pursuit of development paths that suit their own national conditions, never imposes its will upon others, never attaches any political strings to its assistance, and never seeks selfish political gains in investment and financing cooperation.
We attach great importance to the Forum’s role in drafting overall plans and providing strategic guidance, and we give equal attention to China’s ties with each FOCAC member, so that the Forum mechanism and bilateral cooperation can complement each other in forging a strong network of partnerships between and among countries. The Forum has significantly increased the international profile of China-Africa relations, and has become a pacesetter for South-South cooperation and for cooperation by the international community with Africa.
始終堅持合作共贏聚焦發展。中非都處于發展振興關鍵階段，中非人民都有過上更加美好生活的權利。習近平主席指出，任何人都不能阻擋中非人民振興的步伐。我們始終把謀合作、促發展作為論壇第一要務，充分發揮中非經濟互補性強、發展階段梯次銜接等獨特優勢，不斷深化發展戰略對接，走出了一條特色鮮明的合作共贏之路。我們注重行動、務求高效，每隔三年出臺一攬子行動計劃，僅2018年論壇北京峰會成果就高達880多項，承諾的一定辦到，不開空頭支票。我們始終堅持與時俱進、開拓創新，不斷根據形勢變化開新局、克時艱。非洲朋友說，中非合作論壇是最能干事、也最能干成事的合作機制。
We have always advanced win-win cooperation for development. Both China and Africa are at a crucial stage of development and rejuvenation. The Chinese and African peoples are entitled to live a better life. President Xi Jinping has made it clear that no one could hold back the Chinese people or the African people as we march toward rejuvenation. Cooperation and development have always been FOCAC’s top priority. We have fully leveraged our unique strengths, such as the great complementarity between our economies and development stages. We have developed greater synergy between our development strategies and embarked on a path of win-win cooperation with distinctive features.
Our cooperation is about action and results. Every three years, FOCAC rolled out a package action plan. The 2018 Beijing Summit alone produced more than 880 deliverables. We always deliver and we do not make empty promises. We have kept pace with the times and kept our mind open to break new ground and tide over challenging times. According to African friends, FOCAC is a cooperation mechanism that truly delivers.
始終堅持患難與共守望相助。中非友好誕生于民族解放的艱難歲月，深植于雙方人民心中。習近平主席指出，中非是患難之交，患難之交不能忘。2008年國際金融危機襲來之時，我們抱團取暖、守望相助。中方不僅沒有削減援非、惠非舉措，反而逆勢加大對非投入。2014年西非暴發埃博拉疫情，中方醫護人員不畏艱險、逆行出征，在新中國人道主義救援史上寫下濃墨重彩的一筆。新冠肺炎疫情突如其來、席卷全球，中非再次不離不棄、共克時艱。事實證明，中非不僅是伙伴，更是戰友。越是困難時期，中非合作的決心和信心就越堅定，中非合作論壇就越能發揮凝心聚力、披荊斬棘重要作用，成為中非友誼歷久彌堅的助推器。
We have always supported each other in trying times. China-Africa friendship was born in the formidable years of national liberation and is deeply rooted in our peoples’ heart. As President Xi said, China and Africa are friends tested by adversity, and such friends must never be forgotten.
During the 2008 international financial crisis, China and Africa rendered each other valuable support. Instead of reducing assistance, China bucked the trend and increased its support to Africa. During the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa, when others chose to leave, Chinese doctors and nurses braved difficulties and rushed to the hard-hit regions to help local people fight the disease, leaving an indelible chapter in the history of humanitarian assistance of the People’s Republic of China. Faced with the onslaught of COVID-19 worldwide, China and Africa have again stood shoulder to shoulder to help each other tide over the challenges.
What we have gone through together shows that China and Africa are more than just partners. We are comrades-in-arms. The more severe the difficulties, the more determined and confident we are about China-Africa cooperation, and the more capable FOCAC is in pooling our strengths to forge ahead, making itself the key driving force for the time-honored China-Africa friendship.
始終堅持開放包容兼收并蓄。中非合作論壇順應和平發展合作共贏的時代潮流而生，是踐行多邊主義的成功范例。開放包容，是我們始終堅守的宗旨原則；封閉排他，從不是我們的政策選項。殖民掠奪、冷戰爭奪曾給非洲人民帶來深重苦難，歷史不應再重返舊時代，非洲不可再成為大國博弈的競技場，這是非洲人民的普遍呼聲，國際社會各方都應該認真傾聽。對非合作要秉持開放心態，注重交流互鑒，共同把非洲和平發展的事業做大做強。中非合作增強了非洲的發展能力，改善了非洲的營商環境，而這也給其他國家對非合作創造了有利條件。近年來中方參與的涉非三方合作、多方合作越來越多，我們為此點贊并將繼續予以支持。
We have always embraced openness and inclusiveness. FOCAC was established to answer the call of the times for peace, development and win-win cooperation. It serves as a fine example of multilateralism. China and Africa have all along upheld the principle of openness and inclusiveness. A closed-door policy or exclusiveness is never an option. Colonial plunder and the Cold-War rivalry brought excruciating sufferings to the African people. That part of history must not be repeated. Africa must never again be an arena for major-power rivalry. This belief is widely shared by people across Africa, and should be respected by the entire international community.
Openness is vital in cooperation with Africa. It is important to share experience and learn from one another, so that Africa’s peace and development can benefit from the common effort and contribution of the international community. Africa’s cooperation with China has improved its development capacity and business environment, which in turn has created favorable conditions for other countries’ cooperation with the continent. China has taken part in more Africa-related trilateral and multilateral cooperation in recent years. We commend and encourage such cooperation and will continue to support it.
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20年斗轉星移，20年命運與共。當今世界正處于百年未有之大變局，新冠肺炎疫情使變局加速演進。中非是好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟，更是促進世界和平與發展的重要力量。中非要繼續團結協作、砥礪前行，將中非合作論壇建設得更好，將中非關系不斷推向深入，為中非友好事業和世界正義事業作出更大貢獻。
The past twenty years have been a journey of China and Africa coming together as one community with a shared future. Today, the world is being shaped by changes unseen in a century, a process accelerated by COVID-19. China and Africa are good friends, partners and brothers, and more importantly, an important force for world peace and development. In this changing world, China and Africa need to stay united and work more closely together to make FOCAC a greater success and further deepen China-Africa relations, so as to further enhance our friendship and justice in the world.
中非要打造人類命運共同體新典范。國際形勢越復雜多變，中非越要堅持攜手構建中非命運共同體的根本方向。我們要繼續秉持真實親誠理念和正確義利觀，保持高層交往勢頭，深化治國理政經驗交流，拉緊中非人民感情紐帶，不斷提升中非全面戰略合作伙伴關系水平。要大力弘揚和平共處五項原則，加強在涉及彼此核心利益和重大關切問題上的相互支持，共同推動國際關系民主化。要站在國際社會絕大多數成員一邊，堅定不移走多邊主義道路，推動全球治理體系變革朝符合發展中國家共同利益方向演進，將中非關系打造成構建人類命運共同體的先行者和示范者。
China and Africa can and should be a new shining example in building a community with a shared future for mankind. The more complex and fluid the international landscape is, the greater the imperative for China and Africa to adhere to the fundamental direction of building a China-Africa community with a shared future. We should continue to follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests. We need to maintain the momentum of high-level exchange, share more governance experience with each other, build a stronger bond between the Chinese and African peoples, and continue to elevate the China-Africa comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership. We need to promote the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, step up mutual support on issues involving each other’s core interests and major concerns, and work together for greater democracy in international relations. We need to take the side of the overwhelming majority of the international community, stay committed to multilateralism, and align global governance reforms with the common interests of developing countries. With these efforts, we will make the China-Africa relationship a trailblazer and a shining example in building a community with a shared future for mankind.
中非要樹立國際抗疫合作新標桿。中國和非洲都經歷了抗擊疫情的嚴峻考驗，取得的成果來之不易。當前疫情仍在全球蔓延，中非雙方都面臨抗疫情、穩經濟、保民生的艱巨任務。我們要加快落實習近平主席在中非團結抗疫特別峰會上的重要宣示，為非洲國家盡早實現疫苗可及性和可擔負性做出中國貢獻。我們將繼續向非方提供抗疫物資援助、派遣專家組、協助非方來華采購抗疫物資，努力實現非洲疾控中心總部今年底破土動工，以實際行動展現中非團結抗疫的決心和力量。
China and Africa can and should be a new shining example in building a community with a shared future for mankind. The more complex and fluid the international landscape is, the greater the imperative for China and Africa to adhere to the fundamental direction of building a China-Africa community with a shared future. We should continue to follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests. We need to maintain the momentum of high-level exchange, share more governance experience with each other, build a stronger bond between the Chinese and African peoples, and continue to elevate the China-Africa comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership. We need to promote the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, step up mutual support on issues involving each other’s core interests and major concerns, and work together for greater democracy in international relations. We need to take the side of the overwhelming majority of the international community, stay committed to multilateralism, and align global governance reforms with the common interests of developing countries. With these efforts, we will make the China-Africa relationship a trailblazer and a shining example in building a community with a shared future for mankind.
中非要激發務實合作新潛能。疫情不會阻擋中非合作的腳步。中國率先全面實現復工復產，致力于推動形成以國內大循環為主體、國內國際雙循環相互促進的新發展格局，為中非合作深入發展和轉型升級帶來新的機遇。中方支持非洲大陸自貿區建設，鼓勵中方企業和金融機構積極參與非洲互聯互通基礎設施項目，提升非洲跨境物流和通關便利度，并愿同國際社會共同行動，支持非洲一體化進程和區域經濟融合。中方愿同非方攜手深化產業鏈供應鏈融合，鼓勵中方企業加大對非投資和技術合作，支持非洲農業現代化工業化進程，提升非洲能礦產品、農產品出口附加值和競爭力，同國際社會一道，支持非洲更好融入國際產業鏈供應鏈。中非雙方應共同踐行綠色、低碳、循環、可持續的發展方式，切實增強非洲國家應對氣候變化的能力。
China and Africa can and should unleash greater potential in practical cooperation. COVID-19 will not hamper China-Africa cooperation. As one of the first countries to fully reopen the economy, China aims to foster a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other. This will bring new opportunities for China and Africa to deepen, transform and upgrade their cooperation. China supports Africa’s effort to develop the African Continental Free Trade Area. We encourage Chinese companies and financial institutions to take an active part in infrastructure connectivity projects in Africa, which will facilitate cross-border logistics and customs clearance. We are ready to work with the international community in supporting Africa’s integration process and sub-regional economic community-building. China hopes to work with Africa to deepen the integration of our industrial and supply chains, and encourages Chinese businesses to step up investment and technological cooperation in Africa. We will support Africa’s agricultural modernization and industrialization drive to raise the added value and competitiveness of Africa’s exported energy, mineral and agricultural products. China will work with the international community to support Africa’s integration into the global industrial and supply chains. China and Africa need to join hands in pursuing green, low-carbon, circular and sustainable development. This will contribute to African countries’ ability to tackle climate change.
“歇馬憑云宿，揚帆截海行”。中非關系發展永不停步，中非合作論壇建設永不停歇。站在新的歷史起點上，我們要在習近平外交思想指引下，在中非領導人的關心和支持下，不斷增強論壇的凝聚力和影響力，推動中非關系乘風破浪、勇往直前，在構建中非命運共同體的征程中不斷創造新的輝煌。
An ancient Chinese verse reads: “Having scaled a cloud-shrouded mountain peak, we rest our horses and set sail for the vast ocean.” The China-Africa relationship will never stop moving forward. The development of FOCAC will never take a break. Standing at a new historical starting point, China will continue to follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy and, with the personal commitment and support of Chinese and African leaders, increase the cohesion and influence of FOCAC, take China-Africa ties forward against all odds, and achieve greater success in our journey of building a China-Africa community with a shared future.
