《中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)30年》白皮書（全文）
來(lái)源：國(guó)務(wù)院新聞辦公室
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)30年
China's Armed Forces: 30 Years of UN Peacekeeping Operations
中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院新聞辦公室
（2020年9月）
The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China
September 2020
目錄
前言
一、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)為世界和平出征
二、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵力量
（一）監(jiān)督停火
（二）穩(wěn)定局勢(shì)
（三）保護(hù)平民
（四）安全護(hù)衛(wèi)
（五）支援保障
（六）播撒希望
三、中國(guó)全面落實(shí)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)承諾
（一）完成維和待命部隊(duì)組建
（二）派遣更多保障人員參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
（三）完成為各國(guó)培訓(xùn)維和人員任務(wù)
（四）向非盟提供無(wú)償軍事援助
（五）派出首支維和直升機(jī)分隊(duì)遂行任務(wù)
（六）設(shè)立中國(guó)－聯(lián)合國(guó)和平與發(fā)展基金支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
四、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)積極推動(dòng)維和國(guó)際合作
（一）加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略溝通，凝聚維和共識(shí)
（二）分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法，貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)智慧
（三）深化聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)，共同提升能力
五、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)服務(wù)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體
（一）秉持人類命運(yùn)共同體理念，攜手維護(hù)世界和平
（二）推動(dòng)完善維和行動(dòng)體系，標(biāo)本兼治解決沖突根源
（三）堅(jiān)持共商共建優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，構(gòu)筑新型維和伙伴關(guān)系
（四）支持改進(jìn)安理會(huì)維和授權(quán)，全面提升維和行動(dòng)效能
（五）充分發(fā)揮能力待命機(jī)制作用，提高快速反應(yīng)水平
（六）積極應(yīng)對(duì)多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅，切實(shí)保障維和人員安全
結(jié)束語(yǔ)
附錄1中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)大事記
附錄2中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加的聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
附錄3中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中犧牲的官兵
Contents
Preface
I. Embarking on Missions for World Peace
II. A Key Force in UNPKOs
III. Implementation of Pledges Announced at the UN Summit
IV. Active Efforts for Greater International Cooperation
V. Contributing to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind
Closing Remarks
Annex I Timeline of Activities in UNPKOs
Annex II Participation in UN Peacekeeping Missions
Annex III Service Personnel Fatalities on UN Peacekeeping Missions
前言
Preface
今年是中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利75周年，是聯(lián)合國(guó)成立75周年，是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)30周年。
This year marks the 75th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. It is also the 75th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations (UN) and the 30th year since China's armed forces first participated in UN peacekeeping operations (UNPKOs).
和平是中國(guó)人民的永恒期望，是中國(guó)發(fā)展的鮮明特征。新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，中國(guó)堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路，在實(shí)現(xiàn)自我發(fā)展的同時(shí)，為世界和平與發(fā)展作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)始終堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國(guó)為核心的國(guó)際體系，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》宗旨和原則為基石的國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，同各國(guó)一道，堅(jiān)守多邊主義，維護(hù)公平正義。
Peace is an ever-lasting aspiration of the Chinese people and the salient feature of China's development. Since its founding, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been firmly committed to the path of peaceful development; it has made a significant contribution to world peace and development while realizing its own development. China has always resolutely safeguarded the UN-centered international system and the basic norms governing international relations underpinned by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and worked with countries around the world to uphold multilateralism, equity and justice.
中國(guó)以實(shí)際行動(dòng)維護(hù)世界和平，積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，是聯(lián)合國(guó)第二大維和攤款國(guó)和會(huì)費(fèi)國(guó)，是安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)第一大出兵國(guó)。30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)認(rèn)真踐行《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》宗旨和原則，先后參加25項(xiàng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，累計(jì)派出維和官兵4萬(wàn)余人次，忠實(shí)履行維和使命，為維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展作出積極貢獻(xiàn)，彰顯了和平之師、正義之師、文明之師形象。
China takes concrete actions to safeguard world peace and has actively participated in the UNPKOs. China is the second largest contributor to both peacekeeping assessment and UN membership fees, and the largest troop-contributing country (TCC) among the permanent members of the UN Security Council. Over the past 30 years, China's armed forces have resolutely delivered on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and sent over 40,000 peacekeepers to 25 UN peacekeeping missions. They have faithfully performed their duties and made a positive contribution to world peace and common development. They have stood fast as a disciplined force for peace and justice.
進(jìn)入新時(shí)代，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)全面落實(shí)習(xí)近平主席出席聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)時(shí)宣布的承諾，以服務(wù)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體為目標(biāo)，加大對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的支持和參與力度，為沖突地區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)和平發(fā)展帶去更多信心和希望。新時(shí)代的中國(guó)軍隊(duì)，已經(jīng)成為聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵因素和關(guān)鍵力量，為世界和平與發(fā)展注入更多正能量。
In the new era, China's armed forces comprehensively implement the pledges announced by President Xi Jinping during the UN Leaders' Summit on Peacekeeping. To contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind, China's armed forces have stepped up their support for and participation in the UNPKOs, bringing greater confidence and hope for peace and development to areas beset by conflict. As a critical element and key force in the UNPKOs, China's armed forces in the new era have instilled more positive energy into world peace and development.
當(dāng)今世界正經(jīng)歷百年未有之大變局。和平與發(fā)展仍是時(shí)代主題，但面臨著日益嚴(yán)峻、不斷增多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)。不管國(guó)際風(fēng)云如何變幻，中國(guó)始終是世界和平的建設(shè)者、全球發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)者、國(guó)際秩序的維護(hù)者，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)始終是世界和平與發(fā)展的正義力量。
The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. Despite mounting risks and challenges, peace and development remain the overriding theme of the times. No matter how the international landscape evolves, China will always strive to maintain world peace, promote global growth, and uphold international order. China's armed forces will always be a force of justice for world peace and development.
回顧中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)30年的光輝歷程，介紹新時(shí)代中國(guó)軍隊(duì)維護(hù)世界和平的理念與行動(dòng)，中國(guó)政府特發(fā)布此白皮書。
The Chinese government is issuing this white paper to review the glorious journey of China's armed forces in the UNPKOs over the past 30 years, to expound their ideas on safeguarding world peace in the new era, and to elaborate on the efforts they make.
一、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)為世界和平出征
I. Embarking on Missions for World Peace
聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)為和平而生，為和平而存，為維護(hù)世界和平作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。1971年，中國(guó)恢復(fù)在聯(lián)合國(guó)的合法席位，以更加積極的姿態(tài)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮作用。改革開放后，中國(guó)逐步參與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和事務(wù)。1990年4月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)停戰(zhàn)監(jiān)督組織派遣5名軍事觀察員，開啟了中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的歷程。30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中，始終牢記履行大國(guó)擔(dān)當(dāng)、維護(hù)世界和平、服務(wù)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體的初心和使命，為世界和平英勇出征、砥礪前行，中國(guó)“藍(lán)盔”成為聯(lián)合國(guó)維護(hù)和平的關(guān)鍵力量。
UN Peacekeeping, as an instrument developed for peace, has made a significant contribution to world peace. In 1971, China recovered its legitimate seat in the UN and began to play a more active role in international affairs. After reform and opening up began in 1978, China gradually increased its involvement in UN peacekeeping affairs. In April 1990, China's armed forces dispatched five military observers to the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) and embarked on a new voyage as a participant in the UNPKOs. In the past three decades, China's armed forces have engaged in the UNPKOs with courage and determination, always aspiring to fulfill their missions of meeting the responsibilities of a major country, safeguarding world peace, and contributing to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. China's Blue Helmets have become a key force in UN peacekeeping.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，源于中華民族的和平基因。中華民族的“和”文化，蘊(yùn)涵著天人合一的宇宙觀、協(xié)和萬(wàn)邦的國(guó)際觀、和而不同的社會(huì)觀、人心和善的道德觀，和平、和睦、和諧是中華民族最樸素的追求，和合共生、以和為貴、與人為善等理念在中國(guó)代代相傳。幾千年來(lái)，和平融入中華民族的血脈中，刻進(jìn)中國(guó)人民的基因里，成為中國(guó)軍隊(duì)的不懈追求。
China's armed forces participate in the UNPKOs, because the pursuit of peace is in the genes of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation values peace and harmony. Ideas such as "unity of man and nature" "harmony among all nations" "harmony without uniformity" and "kindness towards fellow human beings," voice the mind of the Chinese people on the universe, international relations, society and ethics. The pursuit of peace, amity and harmony has long been the primary aspiration of our nation. The philosophy of upholding peace, harmony, cooperation and common development has been passed down from generation to generation in China. For millennia, peace has been in the veins and the DNA of the Chinese nation. It is a consistent goal of China's armed forces.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，源于中國(guó)人民的天下情懷。中國(guó)人民歷來(lái)有“世界大同，天下一家”的夢(mèng)想，有“大道之行也，天下為公”的胸襟，有“先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂”的抱負(fù)，不僅希望自己過(guò)得好，也希望其他國(guó)家人民過(guò)得好。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)走出國(guó)門，播撒的是希望，帶去的是和平。
China's armed forces participate in the UNPKOs, because the Chinese people care about the wellbeing of humanity. The Chinese people always dream of living in a harmonious world where everyone belongs to one and the same family. They advocate that "a just cause should be pursued for the common good" and that one should put concern for the wellbeing of other people before personal interests. They hope for a better life not only for themselves, but also for other peoples across the world. Chinese service members join the UN efforts to bring hope and promote peace.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，源于人民軍隊(duì)的根本宗旨。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)來(lái)自于人民、植根于人民，為人民而生、為人民而戰(zhàn)，任何時(shí)候任何情況下都堅(jiān)持全心全意為人民服務(wù)的根本宗旨，與人民同呼吸、共命運(yùn)、心連心，把人民的利益放在第一位。中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)胸懷人間大愛，秉持人道主義精神，為當(dāng)?shù)刂\和平，為當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裰\幸福。
China's armed forces participate in the UNPKOs, because serving the people is the fundamental purpose of the people's armed forces. China's armed forces come from the people, have their roots in the people, developed to serve the people, and fight for the people. They serve the people wholeheartedly at all times and under all circumstances, remain close to the people, and always put the people's interests first. With love and humanity, Chinese peacekeeping troops make efforts to bring peace and happiness to people in mission areas.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，源于中國(guó)的大國(guó)擔(dān)當(dāng)。中國(guó)是聯(lián)合國(guó)創(chuàng)始成員國(guó)，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)聯(lián)合國(guó)權(quán)威和地位，積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，是中國(guó)作為國(guó)際社會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)任成員的應(yīng)盡義務(wù)。中國(guó)是聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)，積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，是中國(guó)履行大國(guó)責(zé)任的應(yīng)有擔(dān)當(dāng)。世界和平不可分割，人類命運(yùn)休戚與共。積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，是中國(guó)攜手各國(guó)推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體的應(yīng)有之義。
China's armed forces participate in the UNPKOs, because China honors its responsibilities as a major country. As a founding member of the UN and a responsible member of the international community, China honors its obligations, firmly supports the UN's authority and stature, and actively participates in the UNPKOs. China is a permanent member of the UN Security Council, and therefore, it is incumbent on China as a major country to play an active part in the UNPKOs. World peace is indivisible and humanity shares a common destiny. To participate in the UNPKOs is integral to China's joint efforts with other countries to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，秉持以下政策立場(chǎng)：
China's armed forces commit themselves to the following policy stances on UN peacekeeping:
——堅(jiān)持《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》宗旨和原則。始終堅(jiān)持恪守所有會(huì)員國(guó)主權(quán)平等、以和平方式解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端等聯(lián)合國(guó)主要原則，尊重各國(guó)自主選擇的社會(huì)制度和發(fā)展道路，尊重并照顧各方合理安全關(guān)切。
Upholding the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. China always abides by the primary principles of the UN such as sovereign equality of all members and settlement of international disputes by peaceful means. It respects the social systems and development paths independently chosen by other countries, and respects and accommodates the legitimate security concerns of all parties.
——堅(jiān)持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)基本原則。始終堅(jiān)持當(dāng)事國(guó)同意、中立、非自衛(wèi)或履行授權(quán)不使用武力的基本原則，尊重主權(quán)國(guó)家領(lǐng)土完整與政治獨(dú)立，保持公平立場(chǎng)，準(zhǔn)確執(zhí)行安理會(huì)授權(quán)。
Following the basic principles of the UNPKOs. China always adheres to the basic principles of UN peacekeeping, including consent of the host nation, impartiality, and non-use of force except in self-defense and defense of the mandate. It respects the territorial integrity and political independence of sovereign states, always remains impartial, and strictly fulfills the mandate of the Security Council.
——堅(jiān)持共商共建共享的全球治理觀。始終堅(jiān)持對(duì)話協(xié)商，建設(shè)持久和平的世界；堅(jiān)持共建共享，建設(shè)普遍安全的世界；堅(jiān)持合作共贏，建設(shè)共同繁榮的世界；堅(jiān)持交流互鑒，建設(shè)開放包容的世界；堅(jiān)持綠色低碳，建設(shè)清潔美麗的世界。
Championing the vision of global governance based on extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits. China stays committed to building a world of lasting peace through dialogue and consultation, to combining its efforts with others to bring about a world of common security for all, and to creating a world of common prosperity through win-win cooperation, an open and inclusive world through exchanges and mutual learning, and a clean and beautiful world by pursuing green and low-carbon development.
——堅(jiān)持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的新安全觀。始終堅(jiān)持尊重和保障每一個(gè)國(guó)家的安全，堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌維護(hù)傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域和非傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域安全，堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話合作促進(jìn)各國(guó)和本地區(qū)安全，堅(jiān)持發(fā)展和安全并重以實(shí)現(xiàn)持久安全。
Pursuing common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. China always respects and ensures the security of each and every country. It upholds security in both traditional and non-traditional fields, promotes the security of both individual countries and broader regions through dialogue and cooperation, and focuses on development and security so that security would be durable.
——堅(jiān)持以和平方式解決爭(zhēng)端。始終堅(jiān)持以和平方式解決國(guó)家間和國(guó)家內(nèi)部存在的分歧和爭(zhēng)端，以對(duì)話增進(jìn)互信，以對(duì)話解決紛爭(zhēng)，以對(duì)話促進(jìn)安全，堅(jiān)決反對(duì)動(dòng)輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅。
Staying committed to peaceful means in settling disputes. China advocates that disputes and differences between countries or within a country should be resolved through peaceful means. Countries should increase mutual trust, settle disputes and promote security through dialogue. Willful threat or use of force should be rejected.
——堅(jiān)持筑牢維和伙伴關(guān)系。始終堅(jiān)持通過(guò)維和行動(dòng)改革，調(diào)動(dòng)當(dāng)事國(guó)、出兵國(guó)、出資國(guó)等積極性，充分發(fā)揮區(qū)域和次區(qū)域組織的作用，在維和行動(dòng)領(lǐng)域推動(dòng)構(gòu)建更加緊密的伙伴關(guān)系。
Building stronger peacekeeping partnerships. China strives to bring about greater involvement of host nations, TCCs and fund contributing countries (FCCs) through UN peacekeeping reform. It leverages the role of regional and sub-regional organizations, and promotes closer partnerships in peacekeeping operations.
二、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵力量
II. A Key Force in UNPKOs
30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)派出維和官兵的數(shù)量和類型全面發(fā)展，從最初的軍事觀察員，發(fā)展到工兵分隊(duì)、醫(yī)療分隊(duì)、運(yùn)輸分隊(duì)、直升機(jī)分隊(duì)、警衛(wèi)分隊(duì)、步兵營(yíng)等成建制部隊(duì)以及參謀軍官、軍事觀察員、合同制軍官等維和軍事專業(yè)人員。中國(guó)維和官兵的足跡遍布柬埔寨、剛果（金）、利比里亞、蘇丹、黎巴嫩、塞浦路斯、南蘇丹、馬里、中非等20多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)，在推進(jìn)和平解決爭(zhēng)端、維護(hù)地區(qū)安全穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)駐在國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。
Over the past 30 years, China's armed forces have contributed a growing number of peacekeepers across an expanding range of deployments. From a few military observers at the outset of its involvement, China's armed forces are now sending both formed units and military professionals. Chinese military peacekeepers serve on the UN missions in engineer, medical, transport, helicopter, force protection and infantry units, and as staff officers, military observers and seconded officers. Chinese military peacekeepers have left their footprints in over 20 countries and regions including Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Liberia, Sudan, Lebanon, Cyprus, South Sudan, Mali and the Central African Republic. They have made a tremendous contribution to facilitating the peaceful settlement of disputes, safeguarding regional security and stability, and promoting economic and social development in host nations.
（一）監(jiān)督停火
監(jiān)督停火旨在確保沖突各方履行停火協(xié)議，是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的初始職能，也是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)承擔(dān)的首項(xiàng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和任務(wù)。自1990年起，以軍事觀察員、參謀軍官、合同制軍官等為代表的中國(guó)維和軍事專業(yè)人員隊(duì)伍不斷發(fā)展壯大。30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)累計(jì)向25個(gè)維和特派團(tuán)及聯(lián)合國(guó)總部派出維和軍事專業(yè)人員2064人次。迄今，共有13名中國(guó)軍人擔(dān)任特派團(tuán)司令、副司令，戰(zhàn)區(qū)司令、副司令等重要職務(wù)。2020年8月，有84名維和軍事專業(yè)人員正活躍在維和特派團(tuán)和聯(lián)合國(guó)總部，主要擔(dān)負(fù)巡邏觀察、監(jiān)督停火、聯(lián)絡(luò)談判、行動(dòng)指揮、組織計(jì)劃等任務(wù)。
1. Ceasefire Supervision
Ceasefires are supervised to ensure that conflicting parties abide by their agreements. It was the earliest function of UN peacekeeping, and the first task undertaken by Chinese military peacekeepers. Since 1990, in addition to military observers, more military professionals have been involved in UN peacekeeping as staff officers and seconded officers. In the past three decades, China's armed forces have sent 2,064 military professionals to 25 missions and UN headquarters (UNHQ). Thirteen of them have been appointed to key positions as force commander, deputy force commander, sector commander, and deputy sector commander. In August 2020, 84 military professionals were working on missions and at UNHQ on patrols, observation, ceasefire supervision, liaison, negotiation, command and control, and operations planning.
軍事觀察員部署在沖突一線，為維和行動(dòng)決策提供信息，經(jīng)常受到武裝沖突威脅。2006年7月25日，黎以沖突期間，中國(guó)軍事觀察員杜照宇在炮火中堅(jiān)守崗位履行職責(zé)，為和平事業(yè)獻(xiàn)出了年輕的生命，被追記一等功，并被聯(lián)合國(guó)授予哈馬舍爾德勛章。
Military observers are deployed in conflicts to gather information for decision making. Their lives are often threatened by armed conflicts. On July 25, 2006, during the Israel-Lebanon conflict, Du Zhaoyu, a young Chinese military observer deployed in south Lebanon, bravely remained at his post, fulfilled his duty, and made the ultimate sacrifice for peace. He was posthumously awarded First Class Merit by the Chinese military and the Dag Hammarskj?ld Medal by the UN.
（二）穩(wěn)定局勢(shì)
迅速穩(wěn)定局勢(shì)是推進(jìn)和平進(jìn)程的前提條件，是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和特派團(tuán)的主要任務(wù)，也是近年來(lái)中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)職能拓展的重要方向。部分維和任務(wù)區(qū)安全形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻，各類沖突不斷，恐怖襲擊、暴力騷亂頻發(fā)。在各類維和分隊(duì)中，步兵營(yíng)主要執(zhí)行武裝巡邏、隔離沖突、止暴平暴、警戒搜查等任務(wù)，是維和行動(dòng)的主力軍、安全局勢(shì)的“穩(wěn)定器”。
2. Stabilizing the Situation
Promptly stabilizing the situation paves the way for the peace process. This is a main task of UN peacekeeping missions, and an important area to which Chinese peacekeeping troops have expanded their functions in recent years. The security situation in some mission areas is challenging, marred by frequent conflicts, terrorist attacks and violent riots. Among all peacekeeping units, it is the infantry battalions that are mainly tasked with armed patrol, separating conflicting parties, riot control, cordoning, and search. They are the backbone for UN peacekeeping and the stabilizers of security.
2015年1月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)南蘇丹特派團(tuán)（聯(lián)南蘇團(tuán)）派遣1支700人規(guī)模的步兵營(yíng)，這是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次成建制派遣步兵營(yíng)赴海外執(zhí)行維和任務(wù)。5年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)先后向南蘇丹派遣6批維和步兵營(yíng)。迎著朝霞出發(fā)、披著星光歸營(yíng)，在槍聲中入睡、在炮聲中驚醒，這是維和步兵營(yíng)官兵工作生活的真實(shí)寫照。截至2020年8月，維和步兵營(yíng)累計(jì)完成長(zhǎng)途巡邏51次、短途巡邏93次，武裝護(hù)衛(wèi)任務(wù)314次，武器禁區(qū)巡邏3萬(wàn)余小時(shí)，為穩(wěn)定當(dāng)?shù)鼐謩?shì)發(fā)揮了重要作用。2018年8月，南蘇丹首都朱巴發(fā)生大規(guī)模械斗流血事件。中國(guó)維和步兵營(yíng)奉命出擊，果斷處置，迅速平息事態(tài)。
In January 2015, the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) dispatched an infantry battalion of 700 troops to the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), the first organic unit of its kind to operate overseas in a peacekeeping mission. Over the past five years, six rotations have been committed to UNMISS. The Chinese infantrymen worked day and night amid the rattle of gunfire and the rumble of explosions in the mission area. As of August 2020, these battalions had completed 51 long-range and 93 short-distance patrols, 314 armed escorts, and over 30,000 hours of patrols in weapons-free zones, making a significant contribution to stabilizing the local situation. In August 2018, when a large riot erupted in Juba, capital of South Sudan, the Chinese infantry battalion acted immediately on orders and quelled the violence decisively and promptly.
（三）保護(hù)平民
保護(hù)平民是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的重要內(nèi)容，也是中國(guó)維和官兵義不容辭的責(zé)任、義無(wú)反顧的抉擇。近代以來(lái)，中國(guó)人民飽受戰(zhàn)亂之苦，中國(guó)官兵深知和平之寶貴、生命之無(wú)價(jià)。在戰(zhàn)火頻仍的維和任務(wù)區(qū)，中國(guó)維和官兵用汗水和青春澆灌美麗的和平之花，用熱血和生命撐起一片片和平的藍(lán)天。
3. Protecting Civilians
The Protection of Civilians (POC) is an important part of the UNPKOs. It is a duty that Chinese military peacekeepers resolutely undertake. The Chinese people suffered immensely from the scourge of war in modern times, and Chinese service members know only too well the value of peace and life. In war-torn mission areas, Chinese military peacekeepers maintain peace with their sweat, youth and lives.
2016年7月，南蘇丹首都朱巴爆發(fā)武裝沖突，政府軍和反政府武裝持續(xù)激戰(zhàn)，雙方投入坦克、大口徑火炮、武裝直升機(jī)等重型武器，身處交火地域的大量平民生命安全受到嚴(yán)重威脅。中國(guó)維和步兵營(yíng)及友鄰部隊(duì)共同承擔(dān)轄區(qū)內(nèi)朱巴城區(qū)及城郊百余村莊平民的安全保護(hù)任務(wù)。面對(duì)槍林彈雨，中國(guó)維和官兵用血肉之軀構(gòu)筑“生命防線”，阻止武裝分子接近平民保護(hù)區(qū)，守護(hù)了9000多名平民的生命安全。執(zhí)行任務(wù)期間，李磊、楊樹朋兩名戰(zhàn)士壯烈犧牲，用生命履行使命，以英勇無(wú)畏踐行了保護(hù)生命、捍衛(wèi)和平的錚錚誓言，被追記一等功，并被聯(lián)合國(guó)授予哈馬舍爾德勛章。
In July 2016, an armed conflict broke out in Juba between government and opposition forces. Heavy weapons including tanks, large-caliber artillery, and armed helicopters were employed by both sides in fierce exchange of fire, putting a large number of civilians in severe danger. The Chinese infantry battalion, together with peacekeepers from other countries, was responsible for protecting civilians in downtown Juba and over a hundred surrounding villages. Facing a raging storm of gunfire and artillery bombardment, the Chinese infantrymen risked their lives to build a defense for life and prevented the militants from approaching the POC camp, and ensured the safety of over 9,000 civilians. Corporal Li Lei and Sergeant Yang Shupeng sacrificed their lives in the action. They lived up to the solemn pledge and sacred obligation of protecting lives and safeguarding peace with bravery and sacrifice. They were posthumously conferred First Class Merit by the Chinese military and the Dag Hammarskj?ld Medal by the UN.
（四）安全護(hù)衛(wèi)
安全護(hù)衛(wèi)是確保聯(lián)合國(guó)特派團(tuán)設(shè)施和人員安全的重要任務(wù)。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)作為聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的重要參與者，積極派出維和安全部隊(duì)，為聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)提供有力的安全保障。
4. Providing Force Protection
Force protection is vital to securing the personnel and assets of UN peacekeeping missions. As an important contributor to the UNPKOs, China's armed forces have been active in sending in troops to the UN missions to provide reliable force protection.
2013年12月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)馬里多層面綜合穩(wěn)定特派團(tuán)（聯(lián)馬團(tuán)）派遣1支170人的警衛(wèi)分隊(duì)，承擔(dān)聯(lián)馬團(tuán)東戰(zhàn)區(qū)司令部安全警戒、要員護(hù)衛(wèi)等任務(wù)，這是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次派遣安全部隊(duì)參與維和行動(dòng)。馬里是聯(lián)合國(guó)最危險(xiǎn)的維和任務(wù)區(qū)之一，自殺式襲擊、路邊炸彈等恐襲事件屢屢發(fā)生。7年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)先后向馬里維和任務(wù)區(qū)派遣8批警衛(wèi)分隊(duì)、官兵1440人次，在危機(jī)四伏的撒哈拉沙漠南緣，警衛(wèi)分隊(duì)官兵出色完成任務(wù)，累計(jì)執(zhí)行武裝巡邏及警戒護(hù)衛(wèi)等行動(dòng)3900余次，被聯(lián)馬團(tuán)東戰(zhàn)區(qū)譽(yù)為“戰(zhàn)區(qū)王牌”。2016年5月31日，中國(guó)維和士兵申亮亮為阻止載有炸藥的恐怖分子車輛沖入聯(lián)合國(guó)維和營(yíng)地壯烈犧牲，被追記一等功，并被聯(lián)合國(guó)授予哈馬舍爾德勛章。中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年之際，申亮亮烈士被授予“人民英雄”國(guó)家榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)。
In December 2013, China's armed forces dispatched a force protection unit of 170 troops to the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) to conduct guard duties and VIP protection at the Sector East Headquarters. This was the first time that China's armed forces had dispatched troops to carry out force protection duties for the UNPKOs. Mali is among the most dangerous mission areas, afflicted by frequent suicide attacks, roadside bombs and other terrorist assaults. Over the past seven years, China's armed forces have sent 1,440 troops for force protection in eight rotations to MINUSMA. The units have fulfilled their tasks effectively in the hazardous southern edge of the Sahara Desert, including over 3,900 armed patrols and armed escorts. They have earned themselves the reputation of "des troupes d'élite" of Sector East. On May 31, 2016, First Sergeant Shen Liangliang was killed trying to prevent a terrorist vehicle laden with explosives from crashing into the UN camp. He was posthumously conferred First Class Merit by the Chinese military and the Dag Hammarskj?ld Medal by the UN. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC, First Sergeant Shen Liangliang was conferred the national honorary title of People's Hero.
2017年3月12日，南蘇丹邊境城鎮(zhèn)耶伊爆發(fā)激烈沖突，7名聯(lián)合國(guó)民事人員被困在交火區(qū)域中心，生命安全面臨嚴(yán)重威脅。中國(guó)赴南蘇丹維和步兵營(yíng)火速派出12名官兵前往救援。行進(jìn)途中險(xiǎn)情不斷，救援官兵臨危不懼，與武裝分子斗智斗勇，3次突破攔截，成功將全部被困民事人員安全轉(zhuǎn)移。此次救援行動(dòng)及時(shí)高效，被聯(lián)南蘇團(tuán)作為解救行動(dòng)成功范例加以推廣。
On March 12, 2017, an intense conflict broke out in Yei, a border town in South Sudan. Seven UN civilian staff were caught in the crossfire and they were at severe risk of losing their lives. The Chinese infantry battalion immediately sent in 12 officers and soldiers to the rescue. Despite threats and dangers in their way, they outmaneuvered the militants, defeated three interception attempts, and successfully evacuated the trapped personnel. This timely and efficient operation was hailed and publicized as an exemplary model of rescue operations by UNMISS.
（五）支援保障
工程、運(yùn)輸、醫(yī)療、直升機(jī)等后勤保障分隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中扮演著不可或缺的重要角色，是當(dāng)前中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向海外派遣維和部隊(duì)的主體。在各維和任務(wù)區(qū)，中國(guó)后勤保障分隊(duì)官兵以過(guò)硬的素質(zhì)、精湛的技能和敬業(yè)的精神，創(chuàng)造了“中國(guó)質(zhì)量”“中國(guó)速度”“中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”等一塊塊閃亮的中國(guó)品牌。
5. Deploying Enabling Capabilities
Force enablers such as engineer, transport, medical, and helicopter units play an irreplaceable role in the UNPKOs. Currently, the majority of Chinese peacekeeping troops perform such enabling tasks. On UN peacekeeping missions, Chinese military peacekeepers in the logistic support units have become the embodiment of China's quality, speed and standards through their skills, professionalism and dedication.
2020年1月，聯(lián)馬團(tuán)北戰(zhàn)區(qū)泰薩利特維和營(yíng)地遭到恐怖襲擊，造成20多人受傷。部署在東戰(zhàn)區(qū)的中國(guó)醫(yī)療分隊(duì)緊急前出，將7名乍得維和部隊(duì)傷員接回至中國(guó)醫(yī)療分隊(duì)。經(jīng)過(guò)全力搶救，所有傷員轉(zhuǎn)危為安。2020年5月，中國(guó)維和工兵分隊(duì)克服新冠肺炎疫情防控壓力大、安全形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻等不利因素，高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、高質(zhì)量完成南蘇丹西部索普橋修建，打通瓦烏至拉加線路，贏得當(dāng)?shù)卣腿嗣竦母叨仍u(píng)價(jià)和贊譽(yù)。
In January 2020, some terrorists attacked the Tessalit Camp in the Sector North of MINUSMA and wounded more than 20 people. The Chinese medical unit in Sector East was rushed in by air and evacuated seven injured Chad peacekeepers to the Chinese medical camp. All the wounded were saved by prompt emergency treatment. In May 2020, despite the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and a tense security situation, the Chinese engineer unit built a bridge over the Sopo River in South Sudan to the highest quality standards. This bridge created a transport route between Wau and Raga, which was highly commended by the local government and residents.
30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)先后向柬埔寨、剛果（金）、利比里亞、蘇丹、黎巴嫩、蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾、南蘇丹、馬里8個(gè)維和任務(wù)區(qū)派遣111支工兵分隊(duì)25768人次，累計(jì)新建和修復(fù)道路1.7萬(wàn)多千米、橋梁300多座，排除地雷及未爆炸物1.4萬(wàn)余枚，完成大量平整場(chǎng)地、維修機(jī)場(chǎng)、搭建板房、構(gòu)筑防御工事等工程保障任務(wù)；先后向利比里亞、蘇丹2個(gè)任務(wù)區(qū)派遣27支運(yùn)輸分隊(duì)5164人次，累計(jì)運(yùn)送物資器材120萬(wàn)余噸，運(yùn)輸總里程1300萬(wàn)余千米；先后向剛果（金）、利比里亞、蘇丹、黎巴嫩、南蘇丹、馬里6個(gè)任務(wù)區(qū)派遣85支醫(yī)療分隊(duì)4259人次，累計(jì)接診救治病人、搶救傷員24.6萬(wàn)余人次；向蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾派遣3支直升機(jī)分隊(duì)420人次，累計(jì)飛行1602架次、1951小時(shí)，運(yùn)送人員10410人次、物資480余噸。
In the past 30 years, China's armed forces have contributed 111 engineer units totaling 25,768 troops to eight UN peacekeeping missions in Cambodia, the DRC, Liberia, Sudan, Lebanon, Sudan's Darfur, South Sudan, and Mali. These units have built and rehabilitated more than 17,000 kilometers of roads and 300 bridges, disposed of 14,000 landmines and unexploded ordnance, and performed a large number of engineering tasks including leveling ground, renovating airports, assembling prefabricated houses, and building defense works. Twenty-seven transport units totaling 5,164 troops were dispatched to the UN peacekeeping missions in Liberia and Sudan. They transported over 1.2 million tons of materials and equipment over a total distance of more than 13 million kilometers. Eighty-five medical units of 4,259 troops were sent to six UN peacekeeping missions in the DRC, Liberia, Sudan, Lebanon, South Sudan, and Mali. They have provided medical services to over 246,000 sick and wounded people. Three helicopter units totaling 420 troops were sent to Sudan's Darfur. They completed 1,951 flight hours, transported 10,410 passengers and over 480 tons of cargo in 1,602 sorties.
（六）播撒希望
過(guò)上幸福美好生活，是各國(guó)人民的共同期盼。遠(yuǎn)赴海外的中國(guó)維和官兵用實(shí)際行動(dòng)，為遭受戰(zhàn)火摧殘的人民帶去了和平、點(diǎn)亮了希望。
6. Sowing the Seeds of Hope
It is the common aspiration of all peoples throughout the world to live a better life. Far from home, Chinese military peacekeepers have made concrete efforts to bring peace and hope to war-afflicted peoples.
積極協(xié)助開展人道主義救援。30年來(lái)，中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)與國(guó)際人道主義機(jī)構(gòu)攜手，積極參與難民安置、救濟(jì)糧發(fā)放、難民營(yíng)修建和搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等行動(dòng)，開展了大量卓有成效的工作。2020年4月，剛果（金）東部烏維拉地區(qū)暴發(fā)罕見洪災(zāi)，人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全面臨嚴(yán)重威脅，中國(guó)工兵分隊(duì)臨危受命，緊急加固堤壩、修復(fù)被毀橋梁，打通生命通道，有力保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣癜踩?/span>
To actively facilitate humanitarian assistance. Over the past 30 years, China's peacekeeping troops worked extensively and effectively with international humanitarian agencies, and have played an active role in resettling refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), distributing food, building refugee and IDP camps, and carrying out disaster relief tasks. In April 2020, Uvira in eastern DRC was struck by a rare flood, which posed a severe threat to the lives and property of the locals. The Chinese engineer unit was assigned to disaster relief work at the most critical moment and rushed to help reinforce levees and restore damaged bridges. They have given the locals access to help and protection, and effectively ensured the safety and security of the affected population.
廣泛參與戰(zhàn)后重建。戰(zhàn)亂國(guó)家或地區(qū)簽署和平協(xié)議后，幫助其恢復(fù)社會(huì)秩序、改善民生，是防止沖突再起、實(shí)現(xiàn)持久和平與穩(wěn)定的治本之策。中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)積極參與駐地戰(zhàn)后重建進(jìn)程，承擔(dān)重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施援建、協(xié)助監(jiān)督選舉、醫(yī)護(hù)人員培訓(xùn)及環(huán)境保護(hù)等任務(wù)，得到駐在國(guó)政府和人民的積極評(píng)價(jià)。蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾地區(qū)地處沙漠邊緣、地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，是世界上極度貧水地區(qū)之一，2007年至2013年期間，中國(guó)工兵分隊(duì)給水官兵克服重重困難，先后在當(dāng)?shù)卮蚓?/span>14口，有效緩解當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦娘嬎y題。
To participate extensively in post-conflict reconstruction. In a post-war country or region, when a peace agreement is reached, it is essential to restore livelihoods and social order in order to prevent the recurrence of conflict and achieve lasting peace and stability. Chinese peacekeeping troops have played an active role in post-conflict reconstruction of host nations. They built important infrastructure, monitored elections, trained local doctors and nurses, and promoted environmental protection. Their efforts have been acclaimed by the governments and peoples of host nations. Darfur lies on the edge of a desert with complex geology. It is one of the regions afflicted by the world's most severe water shortages. From 2007 to 2013, Chinese military engineers drilled 14 wells in the most difficult circumstances, and effectively alleviated the problem of water scarcity for the locals.
傳遞溫暖和愛心。中國(guó)維和官兵不僅是和平的守護(hù)人，也是友誼的傳播者。中國(guó)赴剛果（金）醫(yī)療分隊(duì)與駐地布卡武市“國(guó)際兒童村”結(jié)成對(duì)子，用真情傳遞愛心和溫暖，中國(guó)女官兵被孩子們親切稱作“中國(guó)媽媽”，這一愛心接力棒已經(jīng)接續(xù)了17年，在當(dāng)?shù)貍鳛榧言挕Ｖ袊?guó)赴南蘇丹維和部隊(duì)向當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駛魇谵r(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、贈(zèng)送農(nóng)具菜種，并應(yīng)邀到當(dāng)?shù)刂袑W(xué)開設(shè)中國(guó)文化和漢語(yǔ)課程，深受學(xué)生們歡迎。
To pass on love and care. Chinese military peacekeepers are not only guardians of peace but also messengers of friendship. The Chinese medical units in the DRC ran a twinning project in SOS Children's Village Bukavu to offer help. Touched by the love and care from the units, children in the village called the female members their Chinese mothers. The consistent efforts of the Chinese units over the past 17 years have won widespread praise from the locals. In UNMISS, Chinese military peacekeepers provided agricultural techniques, farming tools and vegetable seeds to local people. They were invited by local middle schools to teach lessons on Chinese culture and language, which were very popular with the students.
30年來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)先后參加25項(xiàng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，累計(jì)派出維和官兵4萬(wàn)余人次，16名中國(guó)官兵為了和平事業(yè)獻(xiàn)出了寶貴生命。2020年8月，2521名中國(guó)官兵正在8個(gè)維和特派團(tuán)和聯(lián)合國(guó)總部執(zhí)行任務(wù)。中國(guó)女性維和官兵在維和行動(dòng)中發(fā)揮了越來(lái)越重要的作用，先后有1000余名女性官兵參與醫(yī)療保障、聯(lián)絡(luò)協(xié)調(diào)、掃雷排爆、巡邏觀察、促進(jìn)性別平等、婦女兒童保護(hù)等工作，展示了中國(guó)女性的巾幗風(fēng)采。中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)的出色表現(xiàn)，受到聯(lián)合國(guó)高度認(rèn)可，贏得國(guó)際社會(huì)廣泛贊賞，為國(guó)家和軍隊(duì)贏得了榮譽(yù)。2019年10月1日，中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)方隊(duì)首次在國(guó)慶閱兵中接受祖國(guó)和人民檢閱。
Over the past 30 years, China's armed forces have contributed more than 40,000 service members to 25 UN peacekeeping missions. Sixteen Chinese military peacekeepers have sacrificed their lives for the noble cause of peace. As of August 2020, 2,521 Chinese military peacekeepers were serving on eight UN peacekeeping missions and at UNHQ. Chinese service women are playing an increasingly important role in peacekeeping. More than 1,000 female peacekeepers have worked in medical support, liaison, coordination, demining, explosive ordnance disposal, patrol, observation, gender equality promotion, protecting women and children, and other fields. They demonstrated the talent and professionalism of Chinese women on their UN missions. Chinese peacekeeping troops have been commended by the UN and the international community for their contribution. They have won honor for their country and military. On October 1st, 2019, Chinese military peacekeepers were reviewed for the first time by the country and the people in the parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the PRC.
三、中國(guó)全面落實(shí)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)承諾
III. Implementation of Pledges Announced at the UN Summit
2015年9月28日，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)，宣布支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的6項(xiàng)承諾。中國(guó)政府和軍隊(duì)堅(jiān)決貫徹落實(shí)習(xí)近平主席決策部署，言必信、行必果，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)履行相關(guān)承諾，取得一系列重要成果。5年來(lái)，中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)構(gòu)成從單一軍種為主向多軍兵種拓展，任務(wù)類型從支援保障向綜合多能轉(zhuǎn)型，行動(dòng)目標(biāo)從制止武裝沖突向建設(shè)持久和平延伸，維和能力進(jìn)一步提升。
On September 28, 2015, President Xi Jinping addressed the Leaders' Summit on Peacekeeping at UNHQ and announced six measures that China would take to support UN peacekeeping. The Chinese government and armed forces have faithfully implemented the decisions and directions of President Xi Jinping, and taken concrete steps to honor their promises. Important progress has been made over the past five years. China's armed forces have expanded the composition of their peacekeeping troops from single service to multiple military branches, enabling Chinese peacekeepers to perform diverse tasks in addition to enabling functions. The objectives of China's peacekeeping efforts have extended beyond conflict prevention to building lasting peace. As a result, the peacekeeping capacity of China's armed forces has been further strengthened.
（一）完成維和待命部隊(duì)組建
維和行動(dòng)快速部署，能為和平爭(zhēng)取機(jī)會(huì)，為生命贏得時(shí)間。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)大力支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和能力待命機(jī)制建設(shè)，提升維和行動(dòng)快速部署能力。2017年9月，完成8000人規(guī)模維和待命部隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)的注冊(cè)，包括步兵、工兵、運(yùn)輸、醫(yī)療、警衛(wèi)、快反、直升機(jī)、運(yùn)輸機(jī)、無(wú)人機(jī)、水面艦艇等10類專業(yè)力量28支分隊(duì)。2018年10月，13支維和待命分隊(duì)通過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)組織的考察評(píng)估，晉升為二級(jí)待命部隊(duì)。2019年至2020年，先后有6支維和待命分隊(duì)由二級(jí)晉升為三級(jí)待命部隊(duì)。中國(guó)維和待命部隊(duì)按照聯(lián)合國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格施訓(xùn)，始終保持規(guī)定待命狀態(tài)，是一支訓(xùn)練有素、裝備精良、紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的專業(yè)力量。中國(guó)已成為聯(lián)合國(guó)維和待命部隊(duì)數(shù)量最多、分隊(duì)種類最齊全的國(guó)家。此外，中國(guó)公安部2016年6月率先組建了全球首支成建制常備維和警隊(duì)，該警隊(duì)2019年10月晉升為快速部署等級(jí)。
1. A Peacekeeping Standby Force in Position
Rapid deployment of peacekeeping forces means greater opportunities to maintain peace and protect lives. China's armed forces fully support the UN in developing the Peacekeeping Capability Readiness System (PCRS) and reinforcing UN rapid deployment capacity. In September 2017, China completed the registration of a UN peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 troops. This force has 28 units in ten categories -- infantry, engineer, transport, medical, force protection, rapid response, helicopter, transport aircraft, UAV, and surface ship units. In October 2018, after a satisfactory Assessment and Advisory Visit (AAV) by a UNHQ team, 13 of these units were elevated to PCRS Level 2. In 2019 and 2020, six units were upgraded to PCRS Level 3 from Level 2. The Chinese standby force has been trained in strict compliance with the UN criteria and maintained the requisite degree of preparedness. It is now a well-trained, well-equipped and disciplined specialized force. China has become the country with the largest number of standby peacekeeping troops of the most diversified profile. In addition, in June 2016, the Chinese Ministry of Public Security set up a permanent peacekeeping police squad, the first of its kind in the world. The squad was pledged to the PCRS Rapid Deployment Level (RDL) in October 2019.
（二）派遣更多保障人員參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
工程、運(yùn)輸、醫(yī)療等后勤保障力量是維和行動(dòng)的重要支撐，既有效提高特派團(tuán)履職效能，又為駐在國(guó)戰(zhàn)后重建和改善民生發(fā)揮重要作用。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)具有派遣保障分隊(duì)參加維和行動(dòng)的傳統(tǒng)和優(yōu)勢(shì)。2015年聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)以來(lái)，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)積極響應(yīng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)在工程保障、醫(yī)療救治等方面的力量需求，先后派遣25批維和工兵和醫(yī)療分隊(duì)共7001人，參加在剛果（金）、南蘇丹、蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾、馬里、黎巴嫩的維和行動(dòng)。2020年8月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)有6支工兵分隊(duì)1188人、4支醫(yī)療分隊(duì)199人正在遂行聯(lián)合國(guó)維和任務(wù)。他們?cè)谖ｋU(xiǎn)動(dòng)蕩和艱苦環(huán)境下修路架橋、掃雷排爆、救死扶傷、支援重建，圓滿完成聯(lián)合國(guó)賦予的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，為當(dāng)?shù)睾推竭M(jìn)程作出積極貢獻(xiàn)，樹立了聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部隊(duì)的良好形象。
2. More Enabling Capabilities to the UNPKOs
Enabler troops including engineer, transport and medical units provide vital support to peacekeeping missions. They play an important part in promoting the effectiveness of UN missions, facilitating post-conflict reconstruction and improving lives in host nations. China traditionally deploys hard-to-source enabler troops. After the Leaders' Summit on Peacekeeping in 2015, China responded actively to the UN call for more enabler assets including engineering and medical capabilities. Twenty-five rotations of engineer and medical units totaling 7,001 troops have been committed to missions in the DRC, South Sudan, Sudan's Darfur, Mali and Lebanon. As of August 2020, six Chinese engineer units of 1,188 troops and four medical units of 199 troops were serving on UN missions. In the danger, turbulence and harsh conditions of mission areas, Chinese military peacekeepers have successfully performed all tasks entrusted by the UN including building paved roads and bridges, clearing mines and explosives, providing medical services, and supporting reconstruction in host nations. They have contributed to the local peace process and promoted the public image of UN peacekeepers.
（三）完成為各國(guó)培訓(xùn)維和人員任務(wù)
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)秉持資源共享、合作共贏的精神，積極幫助其他出兵國(guó)提高訓(xùn)練水平，增強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜環(huán)境能力，更好遂行聯(lián)合國(guó)維和任務(wù)。5年來(lái)，先后舉辦了保護(hù)平民、維和特派團(tuán)高級(jí)官員、維和教官、維和軍事專業(yè)人員、女性維和軍官等20批專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，為60多個(gè)國(guó)家訓(xùn)練維和人員1500余人。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)開展掃雷援助項(xiàng)目，為柬埔寨、老撾、埃塞俄比亞、蘇丹、贊比亞、津巴布韋等國(guó)培訓(xùn)掃雷人員300余人。此外，中國(guó)公安部培訓(xùn)多國(guó)維和警務(wù)人員1000余人。
3. Training Foreign Peacekeepers
China's armed forces are willing to share their peacekeeping assets in a spirit of win-win. They have actively helped other TCCs improve training, build capability to respond to complex situation, and better perform in the UNPKOs. In the past five years, China has provided 20 training programs to over 1,500 peacekeepers from more than 60 countries, covering civilian protection and courses for senior mission officials, trainers, military professionals, and female officers. The Chinese military provided assistance in demining and trained more than 300 professionals from countries including Cambodia, Laos, Ethiopia, Sudan, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The Chinese Ministry of Public Security also trained more than 1,000 foreign peacekeeping police officers.
（四）向非盟提供無(wú)償軍事援助
維和行動(dòng)的主要需求在非洲。為支持非洲國(guó)家提高自身維和維穩(wěn)能力，以非洲方式解決非洲問(wèn)題，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)積極落實(shí)對(duì)非盟1億美元無(wú)償軍事援助，支持非洲常備軍和危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)快速反應(yīng)部隊(duì)建設(shè)。迄今為止，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)已向非盟交付首批軍援裝備和物資，派遣軍事專家組對(duì)非方人員進(jìn)行交裝培訓(xùn)，并與非盟就下階段軍援安排達(dá)成一致。
4. Military Aid Gratis to the African Union (AU)
Africa has the greatest need for peacekeeping. In order to help the African countries improve their ability to maintain peace and stability, and provide African solutions to African issues, the PLA has honored China's commitment of gratis military aid to the value of USD100 million to support the African Standby Force and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis. The first installment of the aid including military equipment and supplies has been delivered to the AU, and Chinese military experts have been sent to complete the hand-over and provide end-user training. The PLA has agreed with the AU on the arrangement of the next aid installments.
（五）派出首支維和直升機(jī)分隊(duì)遂行任務(wù)
中國(guó)戰(zhàn)鷹為和平翱翔。2017年8月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向非盟－聯(lián)合國(guó)達(dá)爾富爾混合行動(dòng)（聯(lián)非達(dá)團(tuán)）派出140人的首支直升機(jī)分隊(duì)部署到位，編配4架中型多用途直升機(jī)，主要承擔(dān)部隊(duì)投送、行動(dòng)支援、人員搜救后送、后勤補(bǔ)給等任務(wù)。中國(guó)維和直升機(jī)分隊(duì)在海外陌生復(fù)雜環(huán)境下完成多個(gè)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)任務(wù)，成為聯(lián)非達(dá)團(tuán)重要的軍事航空力量，為聯(lián)合國(guó)在蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾地區(qū)的維和行動(dòng)提供了重要支撐。
5. The First Peacekeeping Helicopter Unit in Operation
The PLA helicopter unit made its first flight on a peacekeeping mission in August 2017. China's armed forces deployed their first peacekeeping helicopter unit of 140 troops to the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID). The unit was composed of four medium multi-purpose helicopters and tasked with force delivery, operational support, search and rescue, medical evacuation, and logistic supply. The unit adapted itself to the unknown complexities of overseas missions and fulfilled multiple high-risk tasks. It has become an essential airborne arm of UNAMID and a pillar of the UN peacekeeping operations in Darfur.
（六）設(shè)立中國(guó)－聯(lián)合國(guó)和平與發(fā)展基金支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
為更好支持聯(lián)合國(guó)和平事業(yè)，促進(jìn)多邊合作，中國(guó)設(shè)立了中國(guó)－聯(lián)合國(guó)和平與發(fā)展基金。2016年至2019年，中國(guó)－聯(lián)合國(guó)和平與發(fā)展基金在和平安全領(lǐng)域共開展52個(gè)項(xiàng)目，使用資金約3362萬(wàn)美元。其中23個(gè)項(xiàng)目涉及支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，使用資金約1038萬(wàn)美元，包括聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、非洲維和能力建設(shè)、維和人員安保、在蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾與馬里等維和行動(dòng)中的民生項(xiàng)目等。
6. China-UN Peace and Development Fund in Support of the UNPKOs
To support the UN efforts for peace and advance multilateral cooperation, China has established a China-UN Peace and Development Fund. From 2016 to 2019, the fund financed 52 peace and security projects to a total value of USD33.62 million. Twenty-three of these projects were in support of the UNPKOs, which cost USD10.38 million. The goal of these projects is to strengthen coordination and planning of the UNPKOs, increase African peacekeeping capacity, provide protection for peacekeepers, and improve lives in Sudan's Darfur, Mali and other mission areas.
四、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)積極推動(dòng)維和國(guó)際合作
IV. Active Efforts for Greater International Cooperation
世界和平需要各國(guó)共同維護(hù)，維和行動(dòng)需要多方加強(qiáng)合作。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)先后與90多個(gè)國(guó)家、10多個(gè)國(guó)際和地區(qū)組織開展維和交流與合作，通過(guò)團(tuán)組互訪、專家交流、聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)、人員培訓(xùn)等形式增進(jìn)相互了解，交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法，加強(qiáng)務(wù)實(shí)合作，密切雙多邊關(guān)系，不斷提升維和能力。
World peace is the responsibility of all countries and peacekeeping calls for expanding multilateral cooperation. China's armed forces have cooperated on peacekeeping with over 90 countries and 10 international and regional organizations. They have enhanced mutual understanding, shared experience, extended practical cooperation, strengthened bilateral and multilateral relations, and promoted peacekeeping capability through exchange of visits, expert discussions, joint exercises and training, and personnel training.
（一）加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略溝通，凝聚維和共識(shí)
加強(qiáng)與聯(lián)合國(guó)高層的戰(zhàn)略溝通，是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)向前發(fā)展的重要途徑。2012年以來(lái)，習(xí)近平主席11次會(huì)見聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)，在多個(gè)國(guó)際場(chǎng)合就世界和平與發(fā)展提出中國(guó)主張、中國(guó)方案，表達(dá)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的立場(chǎng)。2015年，習(xí)近平主席出席聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)，提出恪守維和基本原則、完善維和行動(dòng)體系、提高快速反應(yīng)水平、加大對(duì)非洲的幫扶等主張。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)堅(jiān)決貫徹落實(shí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人達(dá)成的共識(shí)，加強(qiáng)與聯(lián)合國(guó)相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)密切溝通，多次參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議、聯(lián)合國(guó)維和出兵國(guó)參謀長(zhǎng)會(huì)議，積極推動(dòng)維和領(lǐng)域合作。
1. Strengthening Strategic Communication to Build Consensus on Peacekeeping
Better strategic communication with the UN leadership is an important means to move the UNPKOs forward. Since 2012, President Xi Jinping has had 11 meetings with UN Secretary-Generals, proposed Chinese ideas and Chinese solutions for world peace and development on multiple international occasions, and reiterated China's support for the UNPKOs. In 2015, President Xi Jinping attended the Leaders' Summit on Peacekeeping at UNHQ and presented proposals that the basic principles of peacekeeping should be strictly followed, the peacekeeping system needs to be improved, rapid response needs to be enhanced, and greater support and help should be given to Africa. Accordingly, China's armed forces are resolved to implement the consensus reached by the leaders. They have strengthened communication with relevant UN agencies, attended several sessions of the UN Peacekeeping Defense Ministerial and the UN Chiefs of Defense Conference, and actively promoted peacekeeping cooperation.
加強(qiáng)雙多邊溝通交流，增進(jìn)理解互信。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)與俄羅斯、巴基斯坦、柬埔寨、印尼、越南、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、英國(guó)、美國(guó)等國(guó)軍隊(duì)在維和領(lǐng)域積極開展互訪，加強(qiáng)政策溝通，規(guī)劃維和合作，助推兩國(guó)兩軍友好關(guān)系發(fā)展。2010年5月，首次中美維和事務(wù)磋商在北京舉行。2015年4月，中國(guó)與越南兩國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)在北京簽署兩國(guó)國(guó)防部維和領(lǐng)域合作備忘錄；同年，中國(guó)同巴西、俄羅斯、印度、南非首次舉行金磚國(guó)家維和事務(wù)磋商。2017年2月，首次中英維和事務(wù)磋商在英國(guó)舉行。2018年4月，聯(lián)合國(guó)軍事參謀團(tuán)的俄、法、英、美軍事代表訪華，同中方就維和行動(dòng)進(jìn)行廣泛交流；5月，中國(guó)與巴基斯坦簽署維和行動(dòng)政策合作議定書；10月，德國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)參訪中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)中心培訓(xùn)基地，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和代表團(tuán)參訪德國(guó)國(guó)防軍聯(lián)合國(guó)中心。
China's armed forces are committed to strengthening bilateral and multilateral communication for better understanding and mutual trust. They have carried out active peacekeeping cooperation with the militaries of countries including Russia, Pakistan, Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, France, Germany, the UK, and the US. Through reciprocal visits, China's armed forces and their foreign counterparts have strengthened communication on policies, made cooperation plans, and advanced friendly state-to-state and military-to-military relations. In May 2010, the first China-US consultation on the UNPKOs was held in Beijing. In April 2015, the defense ministers of China and Vietnam signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on peacekeeping cooperation between the two ministries in Beijing. That same year, China conducted the first BRICS consultation on the UNPKOs with Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa. In February 2017, the first China-UK dialogue on peacekeeping operations was held in the UK. In April 2018, military advisers of Russia, France, the UK and the US to the UN Military Staff Committee visited China and exchanged extensive views on the UNPKOs with the Chinese side. In May, the defense ministries of China and Pakistan signed a protocol on policy collaboration with regard to the UNPKOs. In October, the German defense minister visited the Training Base of the Peacekeeping Affairs Center of the Chinese Ministry of National Defense (MND), and a peacekeeping delegation from the Chinese MND visited the German Armed Forces United Nations Training Centre.
（二）分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法，貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)智慧
相互學(xué)習(xí)借鑒，開展經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，是改進(jìn)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的有效方式。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)積極開展維和領(lǐng)域國(guó)際交流，派出維和專業(yè)團(tuán)組訪問(wèn)阿根廷、芬蘭、德國(guó)等國(guó)軍隊(duì)維和培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)。180余次接待各國(guó)和聯(lián)合國(guó)、非盟等國(guó)際組織代表團(tuán)參觀訪問(wèn)。舉辦“中英維和研討會(huì)”“21世紀(jì)和平行動(dòng)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)國(guó)際研討會(huì)”“中國(guó)－東盟維和研討會(huì)”“2009北京國(guó)際維和研討會(huì)”等10多項(xiàng)大型維和國(guó)際研討活動(dòng)。在馬里、蘇丹、南蘇丹、剛果（金）、利比里亞、黎巴嫩的中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)與法國(guó)、塞內(nèi)加爾、西班牙等國(guó)維和部隊(duì)交流分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法。
2. Contributing Chinese Wisdom and Sharing Experience
Sharing experience and learning from each other is an effective approach to improving the UNPKOs. China's armed forces have actively conducted international exchanges on peacekeeping. The PLA sent delegations to visit the peacekeeping training facilities of countries including Argentina, Finland and Germany, and received more than 180 visits from other countries and international organizations including the UN and the AU. China has hosted over ten international events on peacekeeping, including the Sino-UK Seminar on Peacekeeping Operations, the International Seminar on Challenges of Peace Operations -- Into the 21st Century, the China-ASEAN Seminar on Peacekeeping Operations, and the 2009 Beijing International Symposium on UN Peacekeeping Operations. Meanwhile, Chinese peacekeeping troops in Mali, Sudan, South Sudan, the DRC, Liberia, and Lebanon have exchanged experience with their counterparts from France, Senegal and Spain.
中國(guó)軍隊(duì)廣泛參與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和專題審議和政策制定，為維和行動(dòng)發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)智慧。積極參加聯(lián)大維和特委會(huì)、出兵國(guó)自攜裝備會(huì)議，邀請(qǐng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)高級(jí)別評(píng)審專家組、安理會(huì)代表團(tuán)訪華，就聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)改革、提高維和行動(dòng)效能、保障維和人員安全等建言獻(xiàn)策；組織《聯(lián)合國(guó)維和工兵分隊(duì)手冊(cè)》《聯(lián)合國(guó)維和軍事情報(bào)手冊(cè)》等專家編審國(guó)際會(huì)議，派專家參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和步兵、警衛(wèi)、航空、運(yùn)輸、衛(wèi)勤、軍民合作等指導(dǎo)手冊(cè)編寫修訂。
China's armed forces have participated extensively in UN peacekeeping consultations and policy-making, and provided input on the UNPKOs. They have played a dynamic role in the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations of the UN General Assembly and the TCC Contingent-Owned Equipment (COE) Working Group, invited officials from the UN High-level Independent Panel on Peace Operations and the UN Security Council to China, and offered suggestions on reforming UN peacekeeping, raising its effectiveness, and ensuring the safety and security of peacekeepers. Expert meetings have been hosted by China to draft and review documents including the United Nations Peacekeeping Missions Military Engineer Unit Manual and the Military Peacekeeping-Intelligence Handbook, and Chinese experts have been sent to participate in updating the manuals of UN peacekeeping infantry, force protection, aviation, transport, medical support units and civil-military cooperation.
（三）深化聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)，共同提升能力
開展維和領(lǐng)域聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)，是提升遂行聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)任務(wù)能力，培養(yǎng)儲(chǔ)備維和人才的重要舉措。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)通過(guò)多種形式，與聯(lián)合國(guó)、有關(guān)國(guó)家和地區(qū)組織開展維和演訓(xùn)活動(dòng)，相互借鑒，共同提高。2009年6月至7月，中國(guó)與蒙古國(guó)在北京舉辦“維和使命－2009”聯(lián)合訓(xùn)練；2014年2月，派員赴菲律賓參加?xùn)|盟10+8多國(guó)維和桌面推演；2015年至2019年，每年派實(shí)兵赴蒙古國(guó)參加“可汗探索”多國(guó)維和演習(xí)；2016年3月、2019年9月，分別派實(shí)兵赴印度、印尼參加?xùn)|盟10+8維和與人道主義掃雷行動(dòng)聯(lián)合演習(xí)；2016年5月、2018年5月，兩次派員赴泰國(guó)參加多國(guó)維和桌面推演；2018年4月派員赴巴西參加“維京”多國(guó)模擬指揮所推演。
3. Extending Cooperation on Joint Exercises and Training to Build Capability
Joint exercises and training are important as a means of improving the UN's peacekeeping capability and its talent pool. To learn from each other and improve skills, China's armed forces have conducted various peacekeeping exercises and training with the UN, and with relevant countries and regional organizations. In June and July 2009, China and Mongolia held a joint exercise codenamed Peacekeeping Mission-2009 in Beijing. In addition, China's armed forces have sent military personnel to participate in multilateral engagements including the ADMM-Plus Experts' Working Group Table-Top Exercise on Peacekeeping Operations in the Philippines in February 2014, the Khan Quest multinational peacekeeping exercises in Mongolia from 2015 to 2019, the ADMM-Plus Experts' Working Group on Peacekeeping Operations and Humanitarian Mine Action field training exercises in India in March 2016 and in Indonesia in September 2019, peacekeeping table-top exercises in Thailand in May 2016 and May 2018, and the multinational computer-assisted command-post exercise Viking 18 in Brazil in April 2018.
2009年6月中國(guó)軍隊(duì)組建維和專業(yè)培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)以來(lái)，舉辦聯(lián)合國(guó)軍事觀察員、聯(lián)合國(guó)維和參謀軍官、聯(lián)合國(guó)非洲法語(yǔ)區(qū)維和教官、聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)規(guī)劃管理等各類國(guó)際培訓(xùn)班20余期。積極邀請(qǐng)聯(lián)合國(guó)專家和有關(guān)國(guó)家資深教官來(lái)華授課交流，強(qiáng)化維和部隊(duì)和維和軍事專業(yè)人員部署前培訓(xùn)。先后派維和教官赴澳大利亞、德國(guó)、荷蘭、瑞士、泰國(guó)、越南等國(guó)維和培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)施訓(xùn)，派出100多名軍官參加聯(lián)合國(guó)及各出兵國(guó)舉辦的維和培訓(xùn)或觀摩。
China's armed forces established a specialized peacekeeping training institution in June 2009. Since then, the PLA has run over 20 international training programs for UN peacekeepers, including the UN Military Observers Course, the UN Staff Officers Course, the UN Peacekeeping Training of Trainers Course for Francophone Countries, and the UN Senior National Planners Course. The PLA has also invited UN experts and senior instructors from other countries for pre-deployment training of Chinese peacekeeping troops and military professionals, and sent instructors to assist peacekeeping training in countries including Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Thailand, and Vietnam. More than 100 PLA officers have attended courses or observed exercises hosted by the UN or other TCCs.
五、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)服務(wù)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體
V. Contributing to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind
當(dāng)今世界正經(jīng)歷百年未有之大變局，新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行使這個(gè)大變局加速變化，國(guó)際安全形勢(shì)不穩(wěn)定性不確定性增加，世界和平面臨多元威脅。聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)受制因素日趨增多，職能任務(wù)日趨繁重，安全環(huán)境日趨復(fù)雜，面臨多重挑戰(zhàn)和考驗(yàn)。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)作用，堅(jiān)定支持和參與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，積極響應(yīng)聯(lián)合國(guó)“為維和而行動(dòng)”倡議，支持對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)進(jìn)行合理必要改革，為建設(shè)持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁榮、開放包容、清潔美麗的世界作出應(yīng)有貢獻(xiàn)。
The world is going through profound changes unseen in a century, and the COVID-19 pandemic is accelerating such changes. Uncertainties and destabilizing factors in the international security situation are on the rise, and there are diverse threats to world peace. The UNPKOs are faced with multiple challenges, including increasing constraints, heavier tasks, and a more complex security environment. China will continue to play its part as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, firmly support and participate in the UNPKOs, actively respond to the Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) initiative, and support reasonable and necessary reforms in the UNPKOs. China will contribute its fair share to building an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity.
（一）秉持人類命運(yùn)共同體理念，攜手維護(hù)世界和平
當(dāng)今世界，沖突地區(qū)人民依然飽受戰(zhàn)亂之苦，對(duì)和平的渴望更加強(qiáng)烈，對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)的期待更加殷切，對(duì)維和行動(dòng)的期盼更加迫切。各國(guó)應(yīng)相互尊重、平等相待，以最大誠(chéng)意和耐心，堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商解決矛盾和問(wèn)題，不能動(dòng)輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅，破壞世界和平、損害主權(quán)國(guó)家利益。各國(guó)應(yīng)增強(qiáng)人類命運(yùn)共同體意識(shí)，弘揚(yáng)人道主義精神，更加堅(jiān)定支持和積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)履行大國(guó)責(zé)任，加大對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的支持力度，同其他國(guó)家一道，推動(dòng)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)改革朝著健康合理方向發(fā)展。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)將繼續(xù)加大聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)參與力度，全面提升維和能力，忠實(shí)履行使命任務(wù)，為維護(hù)世界和平作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。
1. Upholding the Vision of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Working Together to Promote World Peace
In today's world, people in conflict-ridden areas are still suffering. They have a deep yearning for peace, higher hopes of the UN, and greater expectations of peacekeeping operations. Countries should treat each other with respect and equality. Disputes and problems should be settled through dialogue and consultation with the maximum sincerity and patience. No country should willfully resort to threat or use of force, or undermine world peace and the national interests of sovereign states. Instead, countries should commit themselves to raising the awareness that people across the world are members of a community of shared destiny. They should uphold humanitarianism, and increase support for and participation in the UNPKOs. China will continue to fulfill its responsibilities as a major country, scale up support for and involvement in the UNPKOs, and join forces with other countries to promote a sound and reasonable UN peacekeeping reform. China's armed forces will endeavor to play a stronger role in the UNPKOs, comprehensively improve peacekeeping capability, faithfully fulfill their responsibilities, and contribute more to world peace.
（二）推動(dòng)完善維和行動(dòng)體系，標(biāo)本兼治解決沖突根源
發(fā)展和安全并重，標(biāo)本兼治解決沖突根源，和平才可持續(xù)。維和行動(dòng)既要同預(yù)防外交、維護(hù)和平縱向銜接，也要同政治斡旋、推進(jìn)法治、民族和解、民生改善等橫向配合。中國(guó)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)構(gòu)建更加完善的維和行動(dòng)體系，在聚焦維和行動(dòng)根本任務(wù)的同時(shí)，將有限的資源更多投入發(fā)展領(lǐng)域，充分尊重當(dāng)事國(guó)政府根據(jù)國(guó)情自主選擇社會(huì)制度和發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利，尊重當(dāng)事國(guó)人民的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)，使當(dāng)事國(guó)能夠集中力量進(jìn)行發(fā)展重建，鞏固和平成果，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)和平。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在維和行動(dòng)中，將一如既往為沖突國(guó)家和地區(qū)創(chuàng)造安全穩(wěn)定環(huán)境，積極參與醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、人道救援、環(huán)境保護(hù)、民生發(fā)展、社會(huì)重建等工作，提供更多公共服務(wù)產(chǎn)品，努力使當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裣硎芎推桨l(fā)展的紅利。
2. Improving the Peacekeeping System and Addressing Both the Symptoms and Root Causes of Conflict
Only by giving equal attention to development and security and by addressing both the symptoms and root causes of conflict can sustainable peace be assured. Peacekeeping operations should be aligned with preventive diplomacy and other peace-related endeavors, and at the same time coordinated with political mediation, rule of law, national reconciliation, and improvement of living standards. China supports the UN in improving the peacekeeping system. With a focus on the primary tasks of the UNPKOs, a bigger share of limited resources should be allocated to development. China advocates that the rights of host-nation governments to independently choose social systems and development paths based on their national conditions, and local people's rights to subsistence and development should be respected. Only then will host nations be able to focus on development and reconstruction so that peacekeeping gains and sustainable peace are secured. In the UNPKOs, China's armed forces will, as always, contribute to a safe and stable environment for countries and regions in conflict. They will actively participate in medical support and health care, humanitarian assistance, environmental protection, improving lives, and social reconstruction, and provide more public services to enable the local people to enjoy the benefits of peaceful development.
（三）堅(jiān)持共商共建優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，構(gòu)筑新型維和伙伴關(guān)系
出兵國(guó)和出資國(guó)都是維和行動(dòng)的重要貢獻(xiàn)者。各國(guó)在維和領(lǐng)域應(yīng)承擔(dān)起各自應(yīng)有責(zé)任，按照共商共建原則，優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，形成合力。中國(guó)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)積極構(gòu)筑維和伙伴關(guān)系，加強(qiáng)安理會(huì)、秘書處同出兵國(guó)和當(dāng)事國(guó)在維和行動(dòng)方面的協(xié)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)與區(qū)域和次區(qū)域組織在維和方面的分工協(xié)作。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)將積極響應(yīng)聯(lián)合國(guó)倡導(dǎo)的三方合作機(jī)制，在技術(shù)、裝備、人員、資金等方面為其他出兵國(guó)以及區(qū)域或次區(qū)域組織維和行動(dòng)提供力所能及的支持。
3. Pursuing Extensive Consultation, Joint Contribution, and Mutual Complementarity and Building a New Type of Peacekeeping Partnership
Both TCCs and FCCs are important contributors to the UNPKOs. In peacekeeping, all countries should shoulder their respective responsibilities, follow the principles of consultation and collaboration, and leverage each other's strengths for greater synergy. China supports the UN's efforts to improve peacekeeping partnerships by strengthening coordination among the Security Council, the Secretariat, TCCs and host nations, and optimizing the UN's coordination and collaboration with regional and sub-regional organizations. China's armed forces will actively respond to the triangular cooperation initiated by the UN, and provide all possible support to other TCCs and regional and sub-regional organizations in terms of technology, equipment, personnel and funding.
（四）支持改進(jìn)安理會(huì)維和授權(quán)，全面提升維和行動(dòng)效能
安理會(huì)授權(quán)是維和特派團(tuán)開展行動(dòng)的依據(jù)和指南，是決定維和行動(dòng)合法性和有效性的關(guān)鍵因素。制定和更新維和行動(dòng)授權(quán)，要綜合考慮當(dāng)事國(guó)國(guó)情和實(shí)際需求，以及出兵國(guó)能力等各方面因素，并根據(jù)需求變化，不斷調(diào)整各階段優(yōu)先任務(wù)和工作重點(diǎn)。中國(guó)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)設(shè)立績(jī)效問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制，節(jié)約使用資源，加強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)運(yùn)用，提高維和行動(dòng)效能，確保維和行動(dòng)發(fā)揮應(yīng)有作用。中國(guó)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)采取多種措施，幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家加強(qiáng)維和維穩(wěn)能力建設(shè)、提升人員素質(zhì)和裝備水平、增強(qiáng)維和部隊(duì)履職能力。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)將繼續(xù)為各國(guó)培訓(xùn)更多的優(yōu)秀專業(yè)人才。
4. Supporting the UN Efforts to Refine Security Council Mandates and Improve Peacekeeping Effectiveness
Security Council mandates are the basis and guidelines for UN peacekeeping missions, and a decisive factor in the legitimacy and effectiveness of the UNPKOs. When developing and renewing peacekeeping mandates, it is necessary to take into account various factors such as national conditions and the actual needs of host nations, and the capability of the TCCs. It is also important to reset the priorities and main lines of action at each phase in accordance with changing needs. China supports the establishment of an accountability mechanism for peacekeeping performance by the UN, the economic use of resources, and the employment of advanced technology with a view to improving the effectiveness of the UNPKOs and fulfilling the role they are expected to play. China is in favor of the UN measures in helping developing countries build peacekeeping and stabilization capability, improving troop and equipment capacities, and enabling peacekeeping forces to perform their duties. China's armed forces will continue to train more excellent professionals for other countries.
（五）充分發(fā)揮能力待命機(jī)制作用，提高快速反應(yīng)水平
聯(lián)合國(guó)維和能力待命機(jī)制是快速應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)沖突的重要保障。中國(guó)支持聯(lián)合國(guó)推動(dòng)維和能力待命機(jī)制建設(shè)，優(yōu)先選擇和部署符合聯(lián)合國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的待命部隊(duì)。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)將按照相關(guān)機(jī)制建設(shè)要求，繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)8000人規(guī)模維和待命部隊(duì)建設(shè)，保持高水平待命狀態(tài)，可根據(jù)需要派遣水面艦艇、快反等多種類型部隊(duì)參加維和行動(dòng)。
5. Giving Full Play to the PCRS and Enhancing Rapid Response
The PCRS is an important guarantee for the UN's rapid response to crises and conflicts. China supports the UN in strengthening the PCRS and will first select and deploy the units of the standby force that meet the UN standards. China's armed forces will follow the PCRS criteria, continue to build the 8,000-troop peacekeeping standby force and maintain a high level of preparedness. Surface ships, rapid response units and other capabilities can be provided to the UNPKOs if needed.
（六）積極應(yīng)對(duì)多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅，切實(shí)保障維和人員安全
維和行動(dòng)環(huán)境日益惡化和復(fù)雜，只有確保維和人員自身安全，才能更有效地執(zhí)行聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)授權(quán)。中國(guó)主張維和行動(dòng)應(yīng)系統(tǒng)性應(yīng)對(duì)日益增長(zhǎng)的傳統(tǒng)及非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅，支持聯(lián)合國(guó)綜合施策，加強(qiáng)信息搜集和分享，提高預(yù)警和威脅感知能力，改善安防裝備和設(shè)施，提升醫(yī)療救護(hù)水平，加強(qiáng)傳染病防治應(yīng)對(duì)，全方位保障維和人員的安全與健康。
6. Proactively Addressing Risks and Threats and Ensuring the Safety and Security of Peacekeepers
The operational environment of the UN missions is becoming more hostile and complicated. Only by ensuring the personal safety and security of peacekeepers can the mandates of UN Security Council be effectively fulfilled. With a view to fully protecting the safety, security and health of peacekeepers, China advocates a systematic approach to addressing the increasing traditional and non-traditional security threats, and stands for comprehensive UN solutions to strengthen information collection and sharing, reinforce early warning and risk awareness, upgrade security equipment and facilities, improve medical services, and enhance the prevention and control of infectious diseases.
結(jié)束語(yǔ)
Closing Remarks
75年前，世界人民經(jīng)過(guò)浴血奮戰(zhàn)，付出巨大代價(jià)和犧牲，取得了反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利，建立了以聯(lián)合國(guó)為核心的國(guó)際體系。回顧歷史，更加感受到和平的來(lái)之不易和守護(hù)和平的艱難。當(dāng)前，人類正站在何去何從的十字路口，和平還是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，合作還是對(duì)抗，進(jìn)步還是倒退，是各國(guó)需要面對(duì)的重大課題。
Seventy-five years ago, people across the world won an epic victory against fascism, following a heroic struggle and huge sacrifice. A UN-centered international system was then established. Looking back through history, people are more keenly aware that peace has not come easily and to safeguard it requires great effort. At present, humanity is at a crossroads: Peace or war, cooperation or confrontation, progress or regress -- these are significant choices that all countries need to make.
和平需要爭(zhēng)取，和平需要維護(hù)。中國(guó)堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路，也希望各國(guó)都走和平發(fā)展道路。只有各國(guó)都走和平發(fā)展道路，才能共同發(fā)展、和平相處，世界才能真正實(shí)現(xiàn)和平。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)將一如既往支持聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)，履行守護(hù)和平的莊嚴(yán)承諾，給沖突地區(qū)帶去更多信心，讓當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窨吹礁笙ＭＶ袊?guó)愿同所有愛好和平的國(guó)家一道，堅(jiān)定捍衛(wèi)和踐行多邊主義，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國(guó)為核心的國(guó)際體系，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)以《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》宗旨和原則為基石的國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，攜手建設(shè)更加美好的世界。
Peace needs to be fought for and safeguarded. China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development, and hopes that other countries will also pursue peaceful development. Only when all countries do so, can common development, peaceful coexistence, and world peace be secured. As always, China's armed forces will continue to provide unfailing support for the UNPKOs, fulfill their commitments to safeguarding peace, and bring greater confidence and hope to conflict-ridden areas and local people. China is ready to join hands with all peace-loving nations to champion and pursue multilateralism, and uphold the international system centered on the UN and the basic norms of international relations underpinned by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. China will exert itself in building a community with a shared future for mankind, and in making the world a better place.
附錄1 中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)大事記
Annex I Timeline of Activities in UNPKOs
1990年4月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)停戰(zhàn)監(jiān)督組織派遣5名軍事觀察員，開啟中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的序幕。
In April 1990, China's armed forces dispatched five military observers to UNTSO and embarked on a new voyage as a participant in the UNPKOs.
1992年4月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)柬埔寨臨時(shí)權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)派出由400名官兵組成的維和工程兵大隊(duì)，首次成建制參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)。
In April 1992, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 400 troops to UNTAC. This was the first formed military unit committed by China to the UNPKOs.
2000年9月，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席江澤民出席聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)首腦會(huì)議，就安理會(huì)的作用、聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)及非洲問(wèn)題等發(fā)表講話。
In September 2000, Chinese President Jiang Zemin addressed the UN Security Council summit and expanded on China's stance on the functions of the Security Council, the UNPKOs and African issues.
2001年12月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室成立，負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)和管理軍隊(duì)維和工作，開展對(duì)外維和事務(wù)交流等任務(wù)。
In December 2001, the Peacekeeping Affairs Office of the MND of the PRC was established. The office took on the responsibility for coordinating and managing the peacekeeping affairs of China's armed forces, and conducting international peacekeeping exchanges.
2002年2月，中國(guó)正式加入聯(lián)合國(guó)一級(jí)維和待命安排機(jī)制，指定1個(gè)工程建筑營(yíng)、1個(gè)二級(jí)醫(yī)院和2個(gè)運(yùn)輸連為聯(lián)合國(guó)待命安排部隊(duì)，承諾在接到聯(lián)合國(guó)派兵請(qǐng)求后90天內(nèi)部署到維和任務(wù)區(qū)。
In February 2002, China officially joined the United Nations Standby Arrangement System (UNSAS) level 1 and specified one engineer battalion, one level-2 hospital and two transport companies as UN peacekeeping standby units. These were pledged to deploy to mission areas within 90 days of a request made by the UN.
2003年4月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)剛果民主共和國(guó)特派團(tuán)派出維和分隊(duì)，包括1支175人工兵分隊(duì)和1支43人醫(yī)療分隊(duì)。
In April 2003, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 175 troops and a medical unit of 43 troops to MONUC.
2003年12月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)利比里亞特派團(tuán)派出維和部隊(duì)，包括1支275人工兵分隊(duì)、1支240人運(yùn)輸分隊(duì)和1支43人醫(yī)療分隊(duì)。
In December 2003, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 275 troops, a transport unit of 240 troops and a medical unit of 43 troops to UNMIL.
2006年4月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)駐黎巴嫩臨時(shí)部隊(duì)派出1支182人工兵分隊(duì)。
In April 2006, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 182 troops to UNIFIL.
2006年5月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)蘇丹特派團(tuán)派出維和部隊(duì)，包括1支275人工兵分隊(duì)、1支100人運(yùn)輸分隊(duì)和1支60人醫(yī)療分隊(duì)。
In May 2006, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 275 troops, a transport unit of 100 troops and a medical unit of 60 troops to UNMIS.
2007年1月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)駐黎巴嫩臨時(shí)部隊(duì)增派1支60人醫(yī)療分隊(duì)，并將工兵分隊(duì)擴(kuò)編至275人。
In January 2007, China's armed forces dispatched an additional medical unit of 60 troops to UNIFIL and expanded the engineer unit to 275 troops.
2007年2月，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席胡錦濤在對(duì)利比里亞進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問(wèn)期間，視察慰問(wèn)在當(dāng)?shù)貓?zhí)行維和任務(wù)的中國(guó)官兵，并題詞：“忠實(shí)履行使命，維護(hù)世界和平”。
In February 2007, during his state visit to Liberia, Chinese President Hu Jintao visited China's peacekeeping troops deployed on the UN mission there, and wrote words of encouragement: "Fulfill missions faithfully and safeguard world peace."
2007年9月，趙京民少將就任聯(lián)合國(guó)西撒哈拉全民投票特派團(tuán)司令，成為首位擔(dān)任聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部隊(duì)高級(jí)指揮官的中國(guó)軍人。
In September 2007, Major General Zhao Jingmin was appointed as Force Commander of MINURSO. He was the first Chinese military officer to assume a senior command position in the UN peacekeeping forces.
2007年11月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向非盟－聯(lián)合國(guó)達(dá)爾富爾混合行動(dòng)派出1支315人多功能工兵分隊(duì)，成為第一支進(jìn)駐該地區(qū)的聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部隊(duì)。
In November 2007, China's armed forces dispatched a multipurpose engineer unit of 315 troops to UNAMID. The unit was the first UN peacekeeping force to enter the mission area.
2009年6月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和中心成立，擔(dān)負(fù)中國(guó)軍隊(duì)維和培訓(xùn)、理論研究、國(guó)際合作與交流等任務(wù)。
In June 2009, the Peacekeeping Center of the MND of the PRC was established, which took over the responsibility for peacekeeping training, research and international cooperation for China's armed forces.
2009年6月至7月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)與蒙古國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次舉行代號(hào)為“維和使命－2009”的維和聯(lián)合訓(xùn)練，這是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次與外軍開展維和聯(lián)合訓(xùn)練。
From June to July 2009, China's armed forces held a joint exercise codenamed Peacekeeping Mission-2009 with their Mongolian counterparts. This was China's first joint peacekeeping exercise with a foreign force.
2010年9月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)部在中國(guó)北京共同舉辦“聯(lián)合國(guó)維和特派團(tuán)高級(jí)官員國(guó)際培訓(xùn)班”，這是中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次舉辦維和高級(jí)培訓(xùn)。
In September 2010, the Peacekeeping Affairs Office of the MND of the PRC and the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations (UNDPO) co-hosted the UN Senior Mission Leaders' Course in Beijing, China -- the first senior-level peacekeeping training program held by China's armed forces.
2011年3月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)部首次共同舉辦“聯(lián)合國(guó)維和教官國(guó)際培訓(xùn)班”。
In March 2011, UN Training of Trainers Course was co-hosted by the Peacekeeping Affairs Office of the MND of the PRC and the UNDPO for the first time.
2011年7月，中國(guó)赴聯(lián)合國(guó)蘇丹特派團(tuán)維和工兵分隊(duì)和維和醫(yī)療分隊(duì)轉(zhuǎn)隸新成立的聯(lián)合國(guó)南蘇丹特派團(tuán)，維和運(yùn)輸分隊(duì)完成任務(wù)回撤歸國(guó)。
In July 2011, Chinese engineer and medical units committed to UNMIS were transferred to the newly-established UNMISS. The transport unit completed its tasks and returned home.
2013年6月，聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)潘基文訪華期間參觀訪問(wèn)中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和中心。
In June 2013, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon paid a visit to China, during which he visited the Peacekeeping Center of the MND of the PRC.
2013年12月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)馬里多層面綜合穩(wěn)定特派團(tuán)派遣維和部隊(duì)，包括1支155人工兵分隊(duì)、1支170人警衛(wèi)分隊(duì)和1支70人醫(yī)療分隊(duì)。
In December 2013, China's armed forces dispatched an engineer unit of 155 troops, a force protection unit of 170 troops and a medical unit of 70 troops to MINUSMA.
2014年10月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室、中國(guó)國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略學(xué)會(huì)、瑞典伯納德特學(xué)院在北京舉辦“和平行動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)論壇”2014年年會(huì)，聯(lián)合國(guó)和19個(gè)國(guó)家共86名代表參加。
In October 2014, the Peacekeeping Affairs Office of the MND of the PRC hosted the International Forum for the Challenges of Peace Operations 2014 in collaboration with the China Institute for International Strategic Studies and Folke Bernadotte Academy of Sweden. Eighty-six delegates from the UN and 19 countries participated in the event.
2015年1月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次向聯(lián)合國(guó)南蘇丹特派團(tuán)派遣1支700人維和步兵營(yíng)。
In January 2015, China's armed forces dispatched the first infantry battalion of 700 troops to UNMISS.
2015年4月，中國(guó)與越南兩國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)在北京簽署兩國(guó)國(guó)防部維和領(lǐng)域合作備忘錄。
In April 2015, the defense ministers of China and Vietnam signed an MOU on peacekeeping cooperation.
2015年5月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)向聯(lián)合國(guó)駐黎巴嫩臨時(shí)部隊(duì)增派1支200人建筑工兵分隊(duì)。
In May 2015, China's armed forces dispatched an additional construction engineer unit of 200 troops to UNIFIL.
2015年6月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次派實(shí)兵赴蒙古國(guó)參加“可汗探索”多國(guó)維和演習(xí)。
In June 2015, China's armed forces sent troops to participate for the first time in the Khan Quest multinational peacekeeping exercise in Mongolia.
2015年6月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室與聯(lián)合國(guó)婦女署共同舉辦保護(hù)平民國(guó)際培訓(xùn)班。
In June 2015, the UN Peacekeeping Operations Protection of Civilians Course was co-hosted by the Peacekeeping Affairs Office of the MND of the PRC and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women).
2015年9月，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席聯(lián)合國(guó)維和峰會(huì)并發(fā)表講話，提出中國(guó)支持和改進(jìn)聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)的4點(diǎn)主張和6項(xiàng)承諾。
In September 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the Leaders' Summit on Peacekeeping at UNHQ and put forth four propositions and six measures that China would take to support and improve the UNPKOs.
2015年11月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)總部舉辦“為和平而來(lái)——中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)25周年圖片展”。
In November 2015, China's armed forces held a photo exhibition entitled "In Course of Peace -- Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of China's Armed Forces in UN Peacekeeping Operations" at UNHQ.
2016年7月，聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)潘基文訪華期間，參觀訪問(wèn)中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首批赴蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾維和直升機(jī)分隊(duì)。
In July 2016, during his visit to China, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon visited the first peacekeeping helicopter unit to be dispatched to Sudan's Darfur by China's armed forces.
2017年1月，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在聯(lián)合國(guó)日內(nèi)瓦總部出席“共商共筑人類命運(yùn)共同體”高級(jí)別會(huì)議，發(fā)表題為《共同構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體》的主旨演講，深刻、全面、系統(tǒng)闡述人類命運(yùn)共同體理念。
In January 2017, Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a keynote speech entitled "Work Together to Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind" and provided a profound, comprehensive and systematic analysis of the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind at the UN Office at Geneva.
2017年6月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)首次向非盟－聯(lián)合國(guó)達(dá)爾富爾混合行動(dòng)派遣1支140人維和直升機(jī)分隊(duì)。
In June 2017, China's armed forces dispatched the first helicopter unit of 140 troops to UNAMID.
2017年9月，中國(guó)軍隊(duì)8000人規(guī)模維和待命部隊(duì)完成在聯(lián)合國(guó)注冊(cè)。
In September 2017, the 8,000-strong Chinese peacekeeping standby force completed its PCRS registration.
2017年12月，中國(guó)以副主席國(guó)身份主持《聯(lián)合國(guó)維和軍事情報(bào)手冊(cè)》編寫工作。
In December 2017, as deputy chair of the expert working group, China hosted the drafting of UN Military Peacekeeping-Intelligence Handbook.
2018年5月，中國(guó)與巴基斯坦在伊斯蘭堡簽署維和行動(dòng)政策合作議定書。
In May 2018, China and Pakistan signed a protocol on policy collaboration with regard to the UNPKOs in Islamabad.
2018年6月，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)辦公室改編為中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)中心，中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和中心改編為中國(guó)國(guó)防部維和事務(wù)中心培訓(xùn)基地。
In June 2018, the Peacekeeping Affairs Office was restructured into the Peacekeeping Affairs Center of the MND of the PRC, and the Peacekeeping Center into the Training Base of the Peacekeeping Affairs Center of the MND of the PRC.
2018年9月，中國(guó)維和部隊(duì)官兵代表應(yīng)邀出席中非合作論壇北京峰會(huì)。
In September 2018, representatives of China's peacekeeping troops attended the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC).
2018年10月，中國(guó)13支維和待命分隊(duì)通過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)考察評(píng)估晉升至二級(jí)待命等級(jí)。
In October 2018, 13 units of the Chinese peacekeeping standby force passed the UN assessment and were elevated to PCRS Level 2.
2018年12月，中國(guó)以副主席國(guó)身份主持《聯(lián)合國(guó)維和工兵分隊(duì)手冊(cè)》修訂工作。
In December 2018, as deputy chair of the expert working group, China hosted the updating of the United Nations Peacekeeping Missions Military Engineer Unit Manual.
2019年至2020年，中國(guó)先后有6支二級(jí)維和待命分隊(duì)通過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)審核晉升至三級(jí)待命等級(jí)。
In 2019 and 2020, six units of the Chinese peacekeeping standby force passed the UN assessment and were elevated from PCRS Level 2 to Level 3.
2019年10月，慶祝中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年大會(huì)在北京隆重舉行，維和部隊(duì)方隊(duì)首次在國(guó)慶閱兵中接受檢閱。
In October 2019, a grand celebration was held in Beijing to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC. The Chinese military peacekeepers were reviewed by the country and the people for the first time in a National Day military parade.
附錄2 中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加的聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)
Annex II Participation in UN Peacekeeping Missions
附錄3 中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中犧牲的官兵
