全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會工作報(bào)告
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS
——2020年5月25日在第十三屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議上
Delivered at the Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress on May 25, 2020
全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會委員長 栗戰(zhàn)書
Li Zhanshu
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,
受全國人大常委會委托，我向大會報(bào)告工作，請予審議。
On behalf of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress (NPC), I now present to you this report on its work for your deliberation.
十三屆全國人大二次會議以來的主要工作
Major initiatives since the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress
十三屆全國人大二次會議以來的一年多，在我們國家歷史上極不容易、極不平凡。以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央統(tǒng)攬偉大斗爭、偉大工程、偉大事業(yè)、偉大夢想，勇立潮頭、擔(dān)當(dāng)作為，有效應(yīng)對重大挑戰(zhàn)、抵御重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、解決重大問題，推動(dòng)黨和國家各項(xiàng)事業(yè)取得新的重大進(jìn)展。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央將疫情防控作為頭等大事來抓，習(xí)近平總書記親自指揮、親自部署，堅(jiān)持把人民生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)全黨全軍全國各族人民打好疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)。經(jīng)過艱苦卓絕的努力，武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)取得決定性成果，疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展工作取得積極成效。這再一次體現(xiàn)了習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想的強(qiáng)大引領(lǐng)，展示了以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央運(yùn)籌帷幄、果敢堅(jiān)毅、領(lǐng)航定向、把舵前行的卓越領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，彰顯了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和中國特色社會主義制度的顯著優(yōu)勢，凸顯了中華兒女自強(qiáng)不息，敢于戰(zhàn)勝一切困難而不被任何困難所屈服，在磨難中成長、從磨難中奮起的英雄氣概。
The time that has passed since the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress has been one of the most unusual and difficult periods in our country’s history. The CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has provided unified leadership for advancing our great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream, kept abreast of the times with a strong sense of responsibility, effectively responded to major challenges, major risks, and major issues, and achieved new breakthroughs in the undertakings of the Party and the state. After the covid-19 outbreak began, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core made epidemic prevention and control the absolute priority. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally took charge of directing and planning the response and put the health and safety of the people first as he led the Party, the military, and people of all ethnic groups in China in an all-out people’s war to curb the spread of the virus. Through arduous efforts, decisive victories were achieved in the battle to defend Hubei Province and the city of Wuhan, and major strategic successes were made in the fight against covid-19 across the country, allowing us to secure positive results in advancing both epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development. This once again reflected the powerful guiding role played by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and demonstrated the outstanding leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in coordinating overall efforts, taking bold and decisive action, and charting the path forward. It also spoke volumes to the marked advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and showed how the Chinese people, with their brave and tenacious spirit, can overcome any challenge, never succumbing to hardship but rather rising from it and growing stronger.
疫情發(fā)生以來，全國人大常委會堅(jiān)決貫徹黨中央決策部署，迅速行動(dòng)、依法履職，作出關(guān)于全面禁止野生動(dòng)物非法交易和食用的決定，防范公共衛(wèi)生安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，促進(jìn)社會文明進(jìn)步。適應(yīng)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化要求，根據(jù)公共衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域新情況新問題，部署啟動(dòng)強(qiáng)化公共衛(wèi)生法治保障體系的立法修法工作，為守護(hù)人民生命健康安全筑牢法治防線。回應(yīng)社會關(guān)切，主動(dòng)宣傳解讀疫情防控法律，為疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展提供法律支持。
Since the beginning of the covid-19 outbreak, the NPC Standing Committee has acted promptly and performed its lawful duty while rigorously implementing the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee. We issued the decision to completely ban the illegal trade and consumption of wildlife, thereby protecting 2 against public health risks and promoting the betterment of society. In line with the requirement to modernize China’s governance system and capacity for governance, and in light of new issues and circumstances in the public health field, the Standing Committee arranged for the enactment and revision of laws to strengthen the system of legal guarantees for public health in order to build a stronger line of defense for the health and safety of the people through the rule of law. We responded to public concerns, actively reached out to the public to clarify epidemic prevention and control laws, and provided legal support for anti-epidemic efforts and economic and social development.
一年多來，常委會認(rèn)真行使立法權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)、決定權(quán)、任免權(quán)，共審議法律草案、決定草案48件，通過34件，其中制定法律5件，修改法律17件，作出有關(guān)法律問題和重大問題的決定12件；聽取審議39個(gè)報(bào)告，檢查6部法律實(shí)施情況，開展3次專題詢問、7項(xiàng)專題調(diào)研，作出1項(xiàng)決議；決定批準(zhǔn)5個(gè)雙邊條約；審議通過38個(gè)任免案，依法任免國家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員282人次，各項(xiàng)工作取得了新進(jìn)展新成效。
Since last year, the Standing Committee has earnestly exercised its statutory powers of enacting laws, conducting oversight, making decisions, and appointing and removing officials. In total, we deliberated 48 drafts of laws and decisions and adopted 34 of them, including 5 new laws, 17 revisions of existing laws, and 12 decisions on legal issues and major issues. We heard and deliberated 39 work reports, inspected the enforcement of 6 laws, conducted 3 special inquiries and 7 research projects, and passed 1 resolution. We also approved 5 bilateral treaties, and reviewed 38 bills covering a total of 282 appointments or removals of employees of state bodies. We achieved new progress and new results in all fields of our work.
一、確保憲法在治國理政各個(gè)方面得到全面實(shí)施
I. We worked to ensure full implementation of the Constitution in all aspects of state governance.
憲法是國家的根本法，是黨和人民意志的集中體現(xiàn)。依法治國首先要堅(jiān)持依憲治國，依法執(zhí)政首先要堅(jiān)持依憲執(zhí)政。
As China’s fundamental law, the Constitution represents the most concrete embodiment of the will of the Party and the people. Upholding law-based governance and the lawful use of power begins with the Constitution.
新中國成立70周年之際，在黨中央的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，根據(jù)憲法規(guī)定，常委會作出關(guān)于授予國家勛章和國家榮譽(yù)稱號的決定，習(xí)近平主席簽署主席令，將國家最高榮譽(yù)授予為新中國建設(shè)和發(fā)展建立卓越功勛的36位杰出人士和為促進(jìn)中外交流合作作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的6位國際友人。這是現(xiàn)行憲法實(shí)施以來首次集中頒授國家勛章。作出關(guān)于對部分服刑罪犯予以特赦的決定，習(xí)近平主席簽署發(fā)布特赦令。經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的法定程序，特赦了九類服刑罪犯共23593人，這是憲法規(guī)定特赦制度的又一次重大實(shí)踐。
Under the leadership of the CPC and in accordance with constitutional stipulations, the Standing Committee made the decision to confer national medals and titles of honor on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with President Xi Jinping signing a presidential order to this effect. The nation’s highest honor was awarded to 36 prominent figures who have made outstanding achievements in the development of the People’s Republic of China, as well as 6 foreigners who have contributed greatly to cooperation and exchange between China and other countries. This was the first time that a ceremony was held to award multiple national medals since the current Constitution came into force. The Standing Committee also made the decision to grant special pardons to certain criminals serving prison sentences, with President 3 Xi Jinping signing and issuing the order. Through rigorous legal procedures, a total of 23,593 criminals in nine categories received pardons. This represents another major step in the exercise of constitutional stipulations regarding special pardons.
貫徹黨的十九屆四中全會精神，常委會聽取審議了國務(wù)院關(guān)于香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國家安全情況的報(bào)告，根據(jù)憲法和香港基本法的有關(guān)規(guī)定，研究擬訂并審議了《全國人民代表大會關(guān)于建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制的決定（草案）》，決定提請本次大會審議。這是新形勢下堅(jiān)持和完善“一國兩制”制度體系、堅(jiān)持依法治港、維護(hù)憲法和基本法確定的特別行政區(qū)憲制秩序的重大舉措，符合包括香港同胞在內(nèi)的全體中國人民的根本利益。相信經(jīng)過代表們的共同努力，一定能夠順利完成這一重要立法任務(wù)，為維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，確保香港長期繁榮穩(wěn)定，提供更加有力的法治保障。
In accordance with the guidelines laid out at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, the Standing Committee heard and deliberated the report of the State Council on maintaining national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Following relevant stipulations of the Constitution and the Basic Law of Hong Kong, we formulated and deliberated the Decision on Establishing and Improving the Legal System and Enforcement Mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to Safeguard National Security (Draft), and made the decision to submit it to this session for review. This represents a major move for upholding and improving the system of institutions under the policy of One Country, Two Systems, for maintaining law-based governance of Hong Kong, and for protecting the special administrative region’s constitutional order as defined in the Constitution and the Basic Law that fits the fundamental interests of all Chinese people, including those from Hong Kong. I am confident that through the joint efforts of all deputies, we will be able to complete this important legislative task so as to provide stronger legal guarantees for upholding our nation’s sovereignty, security, and development interests and for ensuring Hong Kong’s long-term prosperity and stability.
依法開展合憲性審查、備案審查。制定關(guān)于推進(jìn)合憲性審查工作的實(shí)施意見，妥善回應(yīng)涉及憲法有關(guān)問題的關(guān)切，依法糾正違憲違法的規(guī)范性文件，保證憲法得到切實(shí)遵守和執(zhí)行。完善法規(guī)、司法解釋備案審查體制機(jī)制，建成統(tǒng)一的覆蓋全國的備案審查信息平臺，初步建成國家法律法規(guī)數(shù)據(jù)庫。連續(xù)3年聽取審議備案審查工作情況報(bào)告，并向社會公開。2019年報(bào)送備案的行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)、司法解釋1995件，報(bào)送備案的特別行政區(qū)本地法律33件，研究處理公民、組織提出的審查建議138件。經(jīng)審查，督促制定機(jī)關(guān)糾正與憲法法律規(guī)定和精神相抵觸、不符合、不適應(yīng)的規(guī)范性文件506件，維護(hù)了國家法制的統(tǒng)一、尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)威。
We conducted inspections of constitutional compliance and recorded and reviewed normative documents in accordance with the law. We formulated guidelines on the implementation of constitutional compliance inspections, responded appropriately to concerns regarding Constitution-related issues, and used legal processes to correct normative documents that conflicted with the Constitution and other laws in order to ensure that the Constitution is fully observed and enforced. We improved systems and mechanisms for putting on record and reviewing regulations and judicial interpretations, set up a unified digital platform for the recording and review of normative documents that covers the whole country, and tentatively completed the national database of laws and regulations. For the third year in a row, we heard and deliberated the work report on the recording and review of normative documents and made it available to the public. A total of 1,995 administrative regulations, local statutes, and judicial interpretations and 33 local laws of the special administrative regions were submitted for the record in 2019, and we examined 138 suggestions on our review 4 work from citizens and organizations. Through review, we compelled relevant bodies to correct 506 normative documents that conflicted with the Constitution or other laws, thus safeguarding the unity, sanctity, and authority of the country’s legal system.
開展憲法宣傳教育活動(dòng)。組織6次憲法宣誓儀式，18名被任命人員進(jìn)行宣誓，委員長會議組成人員主持并監(jiān)誓，增強(qiáng)了國家工作人員的憲法觀念。以“弘揚(yáng)憲法精神，推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化”為主題，舉行第六個(gè)國家憲法日座談會，帶動(dòng)各級各地開展豐富多彩的憲法宣傳活動(dòng)。召開紀(jì)念澳門特別行政區(qū)基本法實(shí)施20周年座談會，推動(dòng)“一國兩制”方針和憲法、基本法的宣傳和貫徹落實(shí)。
We conducted activities to publicize the Constitution, raising people’s awareness of it. We organized six ceremonies for 18 officials to publicly pledge allegiance to the Constitution when they took office, with members of the Chairperson’s Council chairing the ceremonies and administering the oath, thus enhancing constitutional awareness among public servants. We hosted a symposium for the sixth National Constitution Day with the theme of fostering the spirit of the Constitution and promoting modernization of China’s governance system and capacity for governance, and encouraged all levels and localities to conduct various activities to promote the Constitution. We hosted a symposium to mark the 20th anniversary of the implementation of the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region in order to promote awareness and implementation of the policy of One Country, Two Systems, the Constitution, and the Basic Law.
二、不斷完善中國特色社會主義法律體系
II. We continued to improve the Chinese socialist legal system
緊扣全面依法治國，堅(jiān)持立改廢釋并舉，堅(jiān)持質(zhì)量與效率并重，加強(qiáng)重要領(lǐng)域立法，不斷提高科學(xué)立法、民主立法、依法立法水平。
With a focus on comprehensively advancing the rule of law, we placed equal emphasis on making new laws, revising existing ones, abolishing those that are unnecessary, and interpreting laws that need clarification, stressed both quality and efficiency, strengthened legislative work in important fields, and made constant efforts to legislate in a more well-conceived, democratic, and law-based manner.
配合和促進(jìn)全面深化改革，確保重大改革于法有據(jù)。外商投資法通過后，一攬子修改建筑法、消防法、電子簽名法、城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃法、車船稅法、商標(biāo)法、反不正當(dāng)競爭法、行政許可法，完成相關(guān)法律的銜接；修改臺灣同胞投資保護(hù)法，確保改革成果同步惠及臺灣同胞。審議城市維護(hù)建設(shè)稅法、契稅法、出口管制法草案，作出關(guān)于授權(quán)國務(wù)院在自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)暫時(shí)調(diào)整適用有關(guān)法律規(guī)定的決定、授權(quán)澳門特別行政區(qū)對橫琴口岸澳方口岸區(qū)及相關(guān)延伸區(qū)實(shí)施管轄的決定，回應(yīng)時(shí)代和改革的法治需求。授權(quán)國務(wù)院在海南自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)暫時(shí)調(diào)整適用土地管理法、種子法、海商法的有關(guān)規(guī)定，支持海南建設(shè)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)和中國特色自由貿(mào)易港。證券法修改歷經(jīng)四審，堅(jiān)守推進(jìn)改革、保護(hù)投資者權(quán)益、強(qiáng)化監(jiān)管的立法方向，確認(rèn)注冊制等改革成果，為資本市場改革和健康發(fā)展提供法治保障。
In coordination with efforts to comprehensively deepen reform, we worked to guarantee that major reforms have a legal basis. After adopting the Foreign Investment Law, we completed its integration with relevant laws by revising a package of laws on construction, fire protection, digital signatures, urban and rural planning, vehicle and vessel taxes, trademarks, unfair competition, and administrative approval. We revised the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protecting the Investments of Taiwan Compatriots in order to ensure that our Taiwan compatriots are able to share in the benefits of reform. We deliberated draft laws on the urban construction and maintenance tax, the deed tax, and export control, authorized the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of relevant laws and regulations in pilot free trade zones, and authorized jurisdiction of Macao’s port zone at Hengqin port and its extended areas to the Macao SAR, all 5 in response to the legal needs raised by contemporary circumstances and the process of reform. We authorized the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of relevant provisions of the Land Administration Law, the Seed Law, and the Maritime Law to support Hainan in building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone and a free trade port with Chinese features. Sticking to the legislative principles of promoting reforms, protecting the rights and interests of investors, and strengthening oversight, we conducted four deliberations on the Securities Law, giving affirmation to outcomes of reform including the registration-based IPO system, and thus provided legal guarantees for reform and healthy development of the capital market.
貫徹新發(fā)展理念，以高質(zhì)量立法推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。制定資源稅法，修改固體廢物污染環(huán)境防治法、森林法，把生態(tài)優(yōu)先、綠色發(fā)展、人與自然和諧共生的理念多維度、多層次融入立法。起草并審議長江保護(hù)法草案，貫徹“共抓大保護(hù)，不搞大開發(fā)”的理念，用法律武器、法治力量保護(hù)長江母親河。審議著作權(quán)法修正案草案，加大打擊侵權(quán)違法行為力度，加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)。修改土地管理法、城市房地產(chǎn)管理法，堅(jiān)持農(nóng)民利益只做加法不做減法的底線立場和修法方向，為盤活土地資源、增加農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入、強(qiáng)化耕地保護(hù)、促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展提供制度保障。
In an effort to practice the new development philosophy, we promoted high-quality development with high-quality legislative work. We enacted the Resource Tax Law, and revised the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Waste and the Forest Law, thereby incorporating the concepts of putting the environment first, pursuing green development, and fostering harmony between humans and nature into legislative work through multiple approaches and on multiple levels. We drafted and deliberated the draft law on Yangtze River conservation, thereby using legal measures and the force of the law to protect this deeply important waterway in the spirit of promoting well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoiding excessive development. We deliberated the draft revision of the Copyright Law to better protect intellectual property rights and step up the fight against encroachment. Through revision of the Land Administration Law and the Law on Administration of Urban Real Estate, we stuck to the bottom line and legislative orientation of only increasing and never decreasing protections for the interests of farmers, and provided institutional guarantees for putting idle land resources to use, increasing farmers’ property income, bolstering the protection of farmland, and promoting integrated development of urban and rural areas.
把人民對美好生活的向往作為奮斗目標(biāo)，加快民生領(lǐng)域立法。制定基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生與健康促進(jìn)法，為全方位全周期維護(hù)人民健康提供了法律保障。修改藥品管理法，推動(dòng)解決人民群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的假藥、劣藥、藥價(jià)高、藥品短缺等問題。制定疫苗管理法，為疫苗研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、流通、接種加上一把“安全鎖”。總結(jié)新冠肺炎疫情防控工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，按照強(qiáng)化公共衛(wèi)生法治保障體系的要求，制定實(shí)施專項(xiàng)立法修法計(jì)劃，成立工作專班，對30件立法修法項(xiàng)目作出統(tǒng)籌安排，爭取用1至2年時(shí)間完成大部分立法任務(wù)。審議動(dòng)物防疫法修訂草案，強(qiáng)化動(dòng)物疫源疫情的監(jiān)測預(yù)警。起草并審議生物安全法草案，努力制定一部防范生物風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、促進(jìn)生物技術(shù)發(fā)展、支撐國家生物安全體系的法律。
With fulfilling the people’s aspirations for a better life as our goal, we accelerated legislation pertaining to public wellbeing. We formulated the Law on Promoting Basic Medical and Health Care to provide legal guarantees for delivering comprehensive health care for our people at all stages of life. We revised the Pharmaceutical Administration Law to promote the solution of problems of great concern to the people, including the issue of counterfeit or substandard drugs, high drug prices, and drug shortages. We formulated the Vaccine Management Law to provide more secure guarantees for the processes of developing, producing, 6 distributing, and administering vaccines. Drawing lessons from covid-19 prevention and control efforts, we formulated and implemented special plans for enacting or revising laws in an effort to strengthen the system of legal guarantees in the public health sector. We set up a task force to make overall plans for enacting or revising 30 laws, with the aim of completing most of these legislative tasks within a year or two. We deliberated draft revisions of the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention to enhance monitoring and early warning of epidemics originating from animals. We drafted the law on biosafety and conducted deliberations on the draft, in a bid to formulate a law that guards against biological risks, promotes the development of biotechnology, and serves as a pillar of the country’s biosafety system.
圍繞國家制度和國家治理體系建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)察、司法、社會治理、國家安全等領(lǐng)域立法。深化國家監(jiān)察體制改革，作出關(guān)于國家監(jiān)察委員會制定監(jiān)察法規(guī)的決定，審議公職人員政務(wù)處分法草案。制定社區(qū)矯正法，審議未成年人保護(hù)法、預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法修訂草案，作出關(guān)于廢止有關(guān)收容教育法律規(guī)定和制度的決定，更好適應(yīng)新時(shí)代社會治理的要求。修改法官法、檢察官法，作出關(guān)于授權(quán)開展民事訴訟程序繁簡分流改革試點(diǎn)工作的決定，鞏固和深化司法體制改革成果。制定密碼法，審議檔案法修訂草案，完善相關(guān)領(lǐng)域治理的法律制度。
With a focus on developing our state system and national governance system, we enhanced legislation pertaining to supervision, justice, social governance, and national security. We deepened reform of the national supervision system, made a decision on the formulation of supervisory regulations by the National Commission of Supervision, and deliberated the draft law on administrative discipline for government employees. We formulated the Community Correction Law, deliberated draft revisions of the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Law on Preventing Juvenile Delinquency, and made the decision to abolish the system of “custody and education” for prostitution related offences and related legal regulations, so as to better meet the requirements for social governance in the new era. We revised the Judges Law and the Public Procurators Law, and authorized pilot reforms for streamlining civil litigation procedures, in an effort to consolidate and further our achievements in reform of the judicial system. We formulated the Cryptography Law and deliberated draft revisions of the Archives Law to improve legal systems for governance in relevant fields.
提交本次大會審議的民法典草案，是我國法治建設(shè)的一個(gè)標(biāo)志性重大成果。本屆常委會在上屆工作的基礎(chǔ)上加快推進(jìn)民法典編纂工作，2018年8月整體審議各分編草案，之后分單元多次進(jìn)行審議，并對完整的民法典草案進(jìn)行審議，先后7次公開征求意見，征集到各方面意見90余萬條。經(jīng)過反復(fù)修改、精雕細(xì)琢，形成了目前總共7編1260條的民法典草案。相信經(jīng)過全體代表的認(rèn)真審議，一定能制定出一部具有中國特色、體現(xiàn)時(shí)代精神、反映人民意愿、保障民事權(quán)利、維護(hù)社會公平正義的民法典。
The draft Civil Code submitted to this session for deliberation represents an important milestone in our country’s advancement of the rule of law. Building upon the work of the Standing Committee of the last NPC, the current Standing Committee accelerated efforts to compile the Civil Code. In August 2018, we conducted an overall review of all draft books of the Civil Code, and then carried out multiple reviews of individual units as well as a review of the complete draft of the Civil Code. We also solicited opinions from the public on seven occasions, receiving more than 900,000 comments from various sectors. Through repeated and meticulous revisions, we have compiled this draft Civil Code which consists of 1,260 articles in 7 books. We are confident that, through the careful deliberation of 7 all our deputies, we will be able to produce a civil code that boasts Chinese characteristics, encapsulates the spirit of the times, reflects the will of the people, and safeguards civil rights and social fairness and justice.
過去一年多的立法工作給予了我們重要啟示，這就是：中國特色社會主義進(jìn)入新時(shí)代，立法工作必須適應(yīng)黨和國家事業(yè)發(fā)展新要求，始終堅(jiān)持以人民為中心，確保黨的主張通過法定程序成為國家意志。要及時(shí)反映改革開放新經(jīng)驗(yàn)新成果，堅(jiān)持立法決策與改革決策相銜接、相統(tǒng)一，增強(qiáng)法律的及時(shí)性、系統(tǒng)性、針對性、有效性，不斷完善中國特色社會主義法律體系。
Our legislative work since last year has provided us with the following important lessons: as socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, our legislative work must meet the new requirements for the development of the cause of the Party and the state, uphold a people-centered philosophy, and ensure that the propositions of the Party are translated into the will of the state through legally stipulated procedures. We must see that new experiences and achievements captured in reform and opening up are promptly reflected in legislation, that the decision-making processes for legislation and reform are interlinked and unified, and that our laws become more timely, systematic, targeted, and effective, in a continued effort to improve the Chinese socialist legal system.
三、依照法定職責(zé)圍繞重大改革發(fā)展任務(wù)推進(jìn)監(jiān)督工作
III. We advanced oversight work in line with our legally prescribed duties and with a focus on major tasks in reform and development.
堅(jiān)持正確監(jiān)督、有效監(jiān)督，聚焦行政權(quán)、監(jiān)察權(quán)、審判權(quán)、檢察權(quán)的依法正確行使，關(guān)注老百姓牽腸掛肚的急事難事，讓改革發(fā)展成果更多更公平惠及全體人民，更好助力經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展和改革攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)。
We continued to exercise proper and effective oversight, put focus on ensuring that administrative, supervisory, judicial, and procuratorial powers are exercised properly and in accordance with the law, and laid emphasis on urgent problems of immediate concern to the people, with a view to seeing that the people share more fully and fairly in the fruits of reform and development, better promoting economic and social development, and aiding the advancement of reform tasks.
依法開展計(jì)劃和預(yù)算監(jiān)督工作。聽取審議國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展計(jì)劃執(zhí)行情況、預(yù)算執(zhí)行情況的報(bào)告，圍繞落實(shí)主要指標(biāo)、重點(diǎn)任務(wù)和提高資金使用績效等提出意見建議300多條，助力打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)和做好“六穩(wěn)”工作。聽取審議2018年度中央預(yù)算執(zhí)行和其他財(cái)政收支的審計(jì)工作報(bào)告、審計(jì)查出問題整改情況的報(bào)告，督促有關(guān)部門嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行財(cái)經(jīng)法律法規(guī)、深入整改問題。
We conducted law-based oversight on the plans and budgets of the government. We heard and deliberated reports on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development and on budget execution, and put forward more than 300 comments and suggestions on meeting major targets, fulfilling key tasks, and ensuring more effective use of funds in order to facilitate progress in the three critical battles against poverty, pollution, and potential risks and in efforts to stabilize employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations. We heard and deliberated reports on the auditing of the execution of central government budgets and other items of revenue and expenditure and on the rectification of problems discovered through audit in 2018, and urged relevant departments to strictly abide by financial and economic laws and regulations and thoroughly rectify any relevant problems.
推進(jìn)人大預(yù)算審查監(jiān)督重點(diǎn)向支出預(yù)算和政策拓展，加強(qiáng)國有資產(chǎn)管理監(jiān)督，是黨中央賦予人大的兩項(xiàng)重要職責(zé)。常委會按照“全口徑審查、全過程監(jiān)管”的要求，制定關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)各級人大常委會對審計(jì)查出突出問題整改情況監(jiān)督的意見，推動(dòng)黨中央決策部署在預(yù)算編制和預(yù)算執(zhí)行中貫徹落實(shí)。聚焦財(cái)政政策實(shí)施、部門預(yù)算執(zhí)行、轉(zhuǎn)移支付下達(dá)、地方政府債券發(fā)行使用、污染防治政策措施及財(cái)政資金安排情況等重點(diǎn)，持續(xù)進(jìn)行跟蹤監(jiān)督，共組織25次專項(xiàng)調(diào)研，聽取35次匯報(bào)，開展4次專題審議，審查9項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)資金，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了對財(cái)政資金使用績效和政策實(shí)施效果的審查監(jiān)督。推動(dòng)地方人大落實(shí)預(yù)算審查監(jiān)督重點(diǎn)向支出預(yù)算和政策拓展的改革舉措，所有省（區(qū)、市）都制定了實(shí)施意見。按照全面規(guī)范、公開透明、監(jiān)督有力的目標(biāo)，制定國有資產(chǎn)管理監(jiān)督五年規(guī)劃，審議2018年度國有資產(chǎn)管理情況綜合報(bào)告和全國行政事業(yè)性國有資產(chǎn)管理情況專項(xiàng)報(bào)告，推進(jìn)國有資產(chǎn)管理監(jiān)督深化拓展、提質(zhì)增效。推動(dòng)地方將國有資產(chǎn)管理情況報(bào)告制度延伸到設(shè)區(qū)的市和自治州。
Expanding the focus of budget review and oversight of people’s congresses to 8 cover expenditure budgets and policies and enhancing oversight over the management of state-owned assets are two important tasks that the CPC Central Committee has entrusted to people’s congresses. In line with the requirement to ensure exhaustive review and exercise oversight at all stages, the Standing Committee formulated guidelines for further strengthening oversight by the standing committees of people’s congresses at all levels on the rectification of prominent problems discovered through audit so as to promote the thorough implementation of the CPC Central Committee’s decisions and plans in the compilation and execution of budgets. Focusing on key issues such as the implementation of fiscal policies, the execution of departmental budgets, the availability of transfer payments, the issuance and use of local government bonds, the enforcement of policies and measures for pollution prevention and control, and the allocation of government funds, we conducted follow-up oversight by organizing 25 research projects, hearing 35 summary reports, holding 4 special deliberation meetings, and carrying out inspection over 9 special funds. We thus stepped up inspection and oversight on how efficiently government funds are used and how effectively policies are implemented. We pushed local people’s congresses to implement reform measures to expand the focus of their budget review and oversight to cover expenditure budgets and policies, with all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government formulating guidelines on the implementation of these measures. In line with the goal of conducting comprehensive, standardized, open, transparent, and effective oversight, we formulated a five-year plan for overseeing the management of state-owned assets, and deliberated a comprehensive report on the management of state-owned assets and a special report on the management of state-owned assets of government administrative offices and public institutions in 2018, with a view to enhancing the depth, breadth, quality, and efficiency of oversight on the management of state-owned assets. We also encouraged local governments to extend the system for reporting on the management of state-owned assets to cities with subsidiary districts and autonomous prefectures.
扎實(shí)做好專項(xiàng)工作監(jiān)督。聽取審議國務(wù)院關(guān)于醫(yī)師隊(duì)伍管理和執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師法實(shí)施、學(xué)前教育事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展、推進(jìn)社會救助工作、鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、加快外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)型升級、減稅降費(fèi)、財(cái)政生態(tài)環(huán)保資金分配和使用、2018年度和2019年度環(huán)境狀況和環(huán)境保護(hù)目標(biāo)完成情況等11個(gè)專項(xiàng)工作報(bào)告，推動(dòng)解決涉及人民群眾切身利益的突出問題，助力供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革和經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。開展脫貧攻堅(jiān)、民族地區(qū)興邊富民行動(dòng)、防范化解系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、應(yīng)對人口老齡化、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金管理與改革、國家安全法實(shí)施、監(jiān)察體制改革和監(jiān)察法實(shí)施等7項(xiàng)專題調(diào)研，提出加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)工作的建議。
We took solid steps to conduct effective oversight on special topics. We heard and deliberated 11 work reports by the State Council regarding special topics, including management of physicians and implementation of the Practicing Physicians Law, reform and development of preschool education, promotion of social assistance, development of rural industries, reform of the rural collective property rights system, development of cultural industries, acceleration of the 9 transformation and upgrading of foreign trade, reduction of taxes and fees, allocation and use of government funds for ecological conservation and environmental protection, and the state of the environment and fulfillment of environmental protection targets in 2018 and 2019. On this basis, we facilitated efforts to resolve prominent issues of immediate concern to the people, and promoted supply-side structural reform and high-quality economic development. We conducted research on 7 special initiatives, namely those for combatting poverty, invigorating border regions inhabited by ethnic minorities and benefitting the people living there, forestalling and defusing systemic financial risks, responding to the challenge of population aging, managing and reforming old-age insurance funds, implementing the National Security Law, and reforming the supervision system and implementing the Supervision Law, and put forward suggestions for enhancing and improving relevant work.
加強(qiáng)司法工作監(jiān)督。繼2018年聽取審議關(guān)于人民法院解決“執(zhí)行難”工作情況的報(bào)告后，2019年加強(qiáng)跟蹤監(jiān)督，專門聽取審議關(guān)于常委會組成人員審議意見辦理情況的報(bào)告，鞏固基本解決“執(zhí)行難”成果。聽取審議關(guān)于加強(qiáng)刑事審判工作情況的報(bào)告，促進(jìn)以審判為中心的刑事訴訟制度改革。聽取審議關(guān)于開展公益訴訟檢察工作情況的報(bào)告并進(jìn)行專題詢問，推動(dòng)檢察機(jī)關(guān)履行好維護(hù)國家和社會公共利益的法定職責(zé)。
We strengthened oversight over judicial work. After hearing and deliberating the report on the work of people’s courts to ensure enforcement of rulings in 2018, we strengthened follow-up oversight in 2019 by hearing and deliberating the report on the handling of related comments of Standing Committee members, thus consolidating the progress that has been made in generally resolving difficulties in the enforcement of court rulings. We heard and deliberated the report on enhancing criminal trials in order to promote reform of the criminal procedure system with a focus on court proceedings. We heard and deliberated a report on the public interest litigation work of procuratorates and carried out a special inquiry on this topic in order to ensure that procuratorial organs effectively fulfill their legally prescribed duties to safeguard national interests and the interests of the public.
遵照法律規(guī)定開展執(zhí)法檢查。完善執(zhí)法檢查工作機(jī)制和方式方法，逐條對照法律規(guī)定進(jìn)行檢查，推動(dòng)有關(guān)方面嚴(yán)格落實(shí)法律制度和法定職責(zé)。檢查中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法、水污染防治法、高等教育法、就業(yè)促進(jìn)法、可再生能源法、漁業(yè)法等6部法律的實(shí)施情況，結(jié)合審議中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法、水污染防治法執(zhí)法檢查報(bào)告開展2次專題詢問。在水污染防治法等4項(xiàng)執(zhí)法檢查中，引入第三方評估，提高檢查的科學(xué)性、客觀性、權(quán)威性。積極探索評價(jià)法律實(shí)施情況的新形式新辦法，開展對中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法、企業(yè)破產(chǎn)法、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量法的立法后評估，形成立法決策、制度設(shè)計(jì)、法律實(shí)施與效果反饋的閉環(huán)，提高立法和監(jiān)督工作質(zhì)量。
We conducted law enforcement inspections in line with legal stipulations. We improved working mechanisms and methods for inspecting law enforcement, and carried out inspection in strict accordance with legal stipulations, pushing relevant parties to strictly implement laws and rigorously perform their legally prescribed duties. We inspected the enforcement of six laws, including the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, the Higher Education Law, the Law on Promoting Employment, the Law on Renewable Energy, and the Fisheries Law. We also conducted two special inquiries on the basis of our deliberations on inspection reports regarding the enforcement of the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. While inspecting 10 enforcement of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution and three other laws, we introduced third-party evaluations to make our inspections more scientific, objective, and authoritative. We worked actively to explore new forms and methods of assessing the implementation of laws, conducted evaluations after the enactment of laws including the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, and the Product Quality Law, and put in place a closed-loop system incorporating legislative decision-making, institutional design, the implementation of laws, and feedback on efficacy, with a view to raising the quality of legislation and oversight.
四、全面加強(qiáng)支持和服務(wù)代表依法履職的工作制度機(jī)制建設(shè)
IV. We improved working systems and mechanisms for supporting and serving deputies in the law-based performance of their duties.
全國人大代表是最高國家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)的組成人員。尊重代表的權(quán)利就是尊重人民的權(quán)利，保障代表依法履職就是保證人民當(dāng)家作主。為此，常委會制定了關(guān)于加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)全國人大代表工作的35條具體措施，更好支持和保障代表依法履職。
NPC deputies are members of the highest organ of state power. By respecting the rights of deputies, we show our respect to the rights of the people, and by ensuring that deputies lawfully perform their duties, we guarantee that the people remain masters of the country. With this in mind, the Standing Committee formulated 35 measures for strengthening and improving work related to NPC deputies in an effort to support and guarantee the law-based performance of their duties.
認(rèn)真辦理代表議案和建議。十三屆全國人大二次會議期間代表提出的議案和建議，全國人大專門委員會依法審議，有關(guān)承辦單位堅(jiān)持結(jié)果與過程并重，“點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)”聯(lián)系，“面對面”溝通，及時(shí)向代表及原選舉單位通報(bào)辦理情況和結(jié)果。主席團(tuán)交付審議的491件代表議案都已辦理完畢，其中27件議案涉及的12個(gè)立法項(xiàng)目已審議通過，56件議案涉及的9個(gè)立法項(xiàng)目已提請審議，191件議案涉及的65個(gè)立法項(xiàng)目已列入立法規(guī)劃或計(jì)劃。8160件建議交由193家承辦單位辦理并答復(fù)代表，所提問題得到解決或計(jì)劃逐步解決的占建議總數(shù)的71.3%。確定的22項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)督辦建議，涉及276件代表建議，由7個(gè)專門委員會負(fù)責(zé)督辦，推動(dòng)解決了一批實(shí)際問題。認(rèn)真辦理閉會期間代表提出的560件意見建議，包括代表直接提出的210件，委員長會議組成人員轉(zhuǎn)交的63件，常委會委員轉(zhuǎn)交的10件，常委會會議期間列席代表提出的277件。
We earnestly handled the suggestions and proposals of deputies. Special committees of the NPC deliberated suggestions and proposals put forward by deputies during the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress in accordance with the law. Putting equal emphasis on the processes and the outcomes, departments charged with handling deputies’ suggestions maintained direct contact with involved parties, and informed deputies and their electoral bodies on progress and results in a timely manner. Relevant special committees completed their examination of all 491 proposals referred to them by the Presidium. Among these, 12 legislative items addressed in 27 of the proposals were reviewed and adopted, 9 legislative items addressed in 56 of the proposals were submitted for review, and 65 legislative items addressed in 191 of the proposals were included in our five-year legislative program or annual legislative plan. A total of 8,160 suggestions were referred to 193 departments for implementation, with feedback given to deputies, and 71.3% of the problems raised in these suggestions were either solved or addressed with plans to solve them over time. A total of 22 key suggestions drawn from 276 deputies’ suggestions were handled under the oversight of seven special committees, which helped resolve a number of practical issues. We made earnest efforts to handle 560 opinions and suggestions that were 11 raised when the NPC was not in session. Of these, 210 were brought up by deputies directly, 63 were referred by members of the Chairperson’s Council, 10 were referred by members of the Standing Committee, and 277 were raised by invited deputies during Standing Committee meetings.
發(fā)揮代表在立法工作中的作用。根據(jù)代表議案建議研究確定立法項(xiàng)目，邀請代表直接參與法律草案調(diào)研、起草、論證、審議、評估等工作。綜合性、基礎(chǔ)性的重要法律草案印發(fā)全體代表征求意見，專業(yè)性強(qiáng)的法律草案印發(fā)相關(guān)專業(yè)或領(lǐng)域的代表征求意見。
We exerted the role of deputies in legislative work. We established legislative tasks based on deputies’ proposals and invited deputies to directly participate in the research, drafting, debate, deliberation, and assessment processes involved in creating draft laws. Drafts of laws with far-reaching and fundamental significance were issued to all deputies to solicit their comments, while drafts of laws concerning highly specialized fields were issued to deputies from corresponding disciplines and professional fields for comment.
加強(qiáng)常委會同代表的聯(lián)系。完善常委會組成人員聯(lián)系代表的機(jī)制，推動(dòng)專門委員會、工作委員會與代表加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系。常委會組成人員通過多種形式聯(lián)系代表，暢通反映情況、聽取意見的渠道，更好地了解基層情況，反映人民呼聲。健全完善代表參與常委會、專門委員會工作的機(jī)制，組織代表74人次參加執(zhí)法檢查，邀請代表73人次參加預(yù)算審查監(jiān)督，邀請代表298人次列席常委會會議，召開5次列席代表座談會。
We enhanced the Standing Committee’s contact with deputies. We improved mechanisms for members of the Standing Committee to get in touch with deputies, and encouraged special committees and working committees to remain in closer contact with deputies. Members of the Standing Committee kept in contact with deputies by various means and maintained open channels for deputies to report on situations and convey opinions, helping them to better understand circumstances at the primary level and get a clearer picture of public concerns. We improved mechanisms for deputies to participate in the work of the Standing Committee and special committees, reaching attendance of 74 in law enforcement inspections, 73 in budget review and oversight, and 298 in meetings of the Standing Committee in a non-voting capacity. We also held discussions with deputies invited to attend Standing Committee meetings on five occasions.
密切代表同人民群眾的聯(lián)系。推動(dòng)地方人大組織全國人大代表就近參加代表聯(lián)絡(luò)站、代表之家和基層立法聯(lián)系點(diǎn)的活動(dòng)。地方各級人大已建成22.8萬個(gè)代表聯(lián)絡(luò)站和代表之家，為代表履職搭建了立足基層、貼近群眾、覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的工作平臺。廣大代表通過多種形式，聽取和反映群眾的意見建議，發(fā)揮了上情下達(dá)、下情上傳的重要作用。
We fostered closer ties between deputies and the people. We encouraged local people’s congresses to arrange for NPC deputies to attend activities organized by liaison offices and local legislative outreach offices close to them. Local people’s congresses at all levels have established 228,000 liaison offices, thereby setting up a platform covering urban and rural areas that will help deputies perform their duties by having a foothold in local communities and remaining in closer touch with the people. Deputies worked to solicit and convey opinions and suggestions from the public through multiple means, and effectively performed their important function of transmitting information between higher and lower levels.
提高代表服務(wù)保障工作水平。組織1830名代表開展專題調(diào)研、考察和視察，形成91個(gè)調(diào)研報(bào)告。堅(jiān)持培訓(xùn)資源向基層代表傾斜，全年有1900多人次代表參加集中培訓(xùn)，十三屆以來累計(jì)集中培訓(xùn)代表3200多人次，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)基層代表履職學(xué)習(xí)全覆蓋。統(tǒng)籌安排1254人次代表參加“一府一委兩院”聯(lián)系代表的活動(dòng)。加強(qiáng)與代表所在單位的溝通，為代表履職創(chuàng)造良好條件。
We improved services for deputies. We organized research projects and inspection tours for 1,830 deputies, which resulted in 91 reports. We continued to channel training resources toward primary-level deputies, and organized training 12 programs over the year that drew more than 1,900 attendees. Total attendance in centralized training has surpassed 3,200 since the First Session of the 13th NPC, with essentially all primary-level deputies involved in study sessions on matters pertaining to their duties. We made coordinated arrangements for deputies to participate in activities promoting contact between deputies and the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, with attendance in these activities reaching 1,254. By enhancing communication with the organizations where deputies work, we created better conditions for deputies to perform their duties.
在這場疫情防控戰(zhàn)中，全國人大代表和地方人大代表積極響應(yīng)黨中央號令，在各級黨委、政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)組織下，投身抗疫一線，參與科研攻關(guān)，保障物資供應(yīng)，踴躍捐款捐物，主動(dòng)建言獻(xiàn)策，在各條戰(zhàn)線、各自崗位上發(fā)揮積極作用，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)踐行了代表人民、為了人民、服務(wù)人民的光榮使命。
In the fight against covid-19, NPC deputies and deputies to local people’s congresses have reacted swiftly to the commands of the CPC Central Committee. Following the leadership and arrangements of Party committees and governments at different levels, they have devoted themselves to fighting against the epidemic on the front lines. They have conducted scientific research, worked to guarantee the provision of supplies, donated funds and supplies, and offered suggestions and proposals, playing an active role on every front through their respective posts. Through concrete actions, they have practiced their honorable mission of representing the people, working for the people, and serving the people.
五、圍繞服務(wù)黨和國家外交大局開展對外工作
V. We carried out our work on international exchanges in the service of the overall diplomatic work of the Party and the state.
全面貫徹習(xí)近平外交思想，發(fā)揮人大在國家外交中的職能作用，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)人大對外工作的主動(dòng)性、針對性、統(tǒng)籌性。共接待來自36個(gè)國家和各國議會聯(lián)盟的53個(gè)團(tuán)組訪華，派出65個(gè)團(tuán)組訪問60個(gè)國家和1個(gè)地區(qū)議會組織。
In implementing Xi Jinping’s thinking on diplomacy and exerting the functional role of the NPC in China’s diplomatic initiatives, we took steps to make the NPC’s work on international exchanges more active, targeted, and coordinated. We received a total of 53 delegations from 36 countries and the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), and sent 65 delegations on visits to 60 countries and one regional parliamentary organization.
以落實(shí)國家元首外交成果和共識為首要任務(wù)，加強(qiáng)全國人大同各國議會的友好交往。圍繞關(guān)于發(fā)展大國關(guān)系、加強(qiáng)同周邊國家睦鄰友好、深化同發(fā)展中國家團(tuán)結(jié)合作等外交工作大政方針，為深化各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)合作提供法律和政策保障。積極宣介習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想，介紹闡釋中國道路、中國理論、中國制度、中國文化和治國理政實(shí)踐，讓世界更多了解中國，了解中國共產(chǎn)黨，了解中國特色社會主義。配合第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇、第二屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會等重要主場外交活動(dòng)，深化同相關(guān)國家議會的交流合作。從立法機(jī)關(guān)角度敦促有關(guān)國家保護(hù)我海外利益和人員安全，助力國家對外開放戰(zhàn)略。
Making it our top priority to see through the outcomes and consensus reached in diplomatic work at the head-of-state level, we stepped up friendly exchanges between the NPC and the parliamentary bodies of other countries. We worked to provide legal and policy guarantees for deepening practical cooperation in all areas, with a focus on our major diplomatic objectives of developing major country relations, strengthening good relations between China and neighboring countries, and boosting solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. We took active steps to share information about Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as well as China’s path, theory, system, and 13 culture and its experience in national governance with the world, in an effort to help the international community better understand China, the CPC, and socialism with Chinese characteristics. We deepened cooperation and exchange with the parliamentary bodies of relevant countries in support of major diplomatic events hosted by China such as the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation and the second China International Import Expo. In our role as a legislative body, we also urged relevant countries to ensure the safety of our citizens and interests overseas, thereby aiding in the implementation of China’s opening up strategy.
加強(qiáng)同外國議會雙邊機(jī)制性交流，積極參與多邊議會交往。共同舉辦中國全國人大與俄羅斯議會合作委員會第五次會議，與法國、日本、巴西等國議會開展機(jī)制交流活動(dòng)。新設(shè)雙邊友好小組4個(gè)，全國人大與外國議會間友好組織累計(jì)達(dá)到129個(gè)，為我國與有關(guān)國家加深了解、增進(jìn)友誼增添了力量。派團(tuán)出席各國議會聯(lián)盟第140屆和第141屆大會、二十國集團(tuán)議長會議、亞太議會論壇第28屆年會、第四屆歐亞國家議長會議、第三次六國議長會議、金磚國家議會論壇、第三屆可持續(xù)發(fā)展世界議會論壇、議會世貿(mào)大會指導(dǎo)委員會、亞太議員環(huán)發(fā)大會、南極議員大會等會議，利用多邊場合加強(qiáng)溝通協(xié)調(diào)。舉辦發(fā)展中國家議員研討班、非洲法語國家議員研討班、緬甸議員研討班，14個(gè)國家的74名議員來華交流學(xué)習(xí)，增進(jìn)治國理政經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流互鑒。
We stepped up exchanges with the parliamentary bodies of other countries through bilateral mechanisms, and actively participated in multilateral parliamentary exchanges. We held the fifth meeting of the committee for cooperation between China’s NPC and the Russian Federal Assembly, and carried out exchanges with the national parliamentary bodies of France, Japan, and Brazil through bilateral mechanisms. With 4 newly established bilateral friendship groups, the NPC has now set up a total of 129 friendship organizations with the parliamentary bodies of other countries. This has helped deepen mutual understanding and boost friendship between China and relevant countries. We sent delegations to attend the 140th and 141st Assembly of the IPU, the Parliamentary Speakers’ Summit at the G20, the 28th annual conference of the Asia-Pacific Parliamentary Forum, the fourth Meeting of the Speakers of the Eurasian Countries’ Parliaments, the third Speakers’ Conference of Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, and Turkey, the BRICS Parliamentary Forum, the third World Parliamentary Forum on Sustainable Development, the Steering Committee of the Parliamentary Conference on the World Trade Organization, the Asian-Pacific Parliamentarians’ Conference on Environment and Development, and the Antarctic Parliamentarians’ Assembly, taking advantage of multilateral venues to strengthen communication and coordination. We held a seminar for members of parliament from developing countries, a seminar for members of parliament from French-speaking countries in Africa, and a seminar for members of parliament from Myanmar, and hosted 74 members of parliament from 14 countries on study and exchange visits in China, thereby deepening exchanges and mutual learning with regard to national governance.
深化立法交流。充分用好同有關(guān)國家法律交流合作機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)立法理論、制度與實(shí)踐方面的交流。圍繞立法技術(shù)規(guī)范、區(qū)域協(xié)同立法和民法典、專利、未成年人保護(hù)、行政處罰、環(huán)境保護(hù)等立法工作，與有關(guān)國家開展專題考察研討。主動(dòng)宣傳我國人民代表大會制度，做好憲法、外商投資法的對外宣傳闡釋，介紹我國在打擊洗錢犯罪、保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和生態(tài)環(huán)境、開展更大力度對外開放等方面的立法成果。
We deepened exchanges on legislative issues. By leveraging mechanisms for legal cooperation and exchange with relevant countries, we intensified exchanges on the theoretical, institutional, and practical aspects of legislation. We carried out 14 special discussions with and inspection tours in relevant countries on topics including technical standards in the legislative process, regional coordination on legislation, and legislative work regarding issues such as civil codes, patents, the protection of minors, administrative punishment, and environmental protection. We actively publicized China’s system of people’s congresses, took effective steps to share and clarify information regarding China’s Constitution and the Foreign Investment Law, and introduced China’s legislative achievements in areas such as combating money laundering, protecting intellectual property rights and the environment, and opening up more broadly to the outside world.
組派3個(gè)全國人大西藏代表團(tuán)赴有關(guān)國家和地區(qū)訪問，宣傳闡釋我國民族宗教政策和民族區(qū)域自治制度，介紹民族自治地方經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展成就。組織27名基層全國人大代表和地方人大代表參與全國人大對外交往活動(dòng)，親身講述自己的履職故事，向國際社會展現(xiàn)中國人民當(dāng)家作主的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐。
We arranged for three delegations of Tibetan NPC deputies to visit relevant countries and regions in order to share and clarify information about China’s policies on ethnic minorities and religious groups, and the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and to introduce our achievements in advancing economic and social development in ethnic autonomous areas. We arranged for 27 NPC deputies from the primary level and deputies to local people’s congresses to participate in the NPC’s foreign exchange activities. By personally telling stories about their work, they illustrated for the international community how the Chinese people act as masters of our country.
六、緊扣堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機(jī)統(tǒng)一加強(qiáng)自身建設(shè)
VI. We intensified self-improvement efforts with a focus on upholding the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance.
堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，是社會主義政治發(fā)展的必然要求，是堅(jiān)持和完善人民代表大會制度的必然要求，也是加強(qiáng)人大黨的建設(shè)和自身建設(shè)的重要任務(wù)。
Upholding the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance is an essential requirement for pursuing socialist political development and for upholding and improving the people’s congress system, as well as one of the major tasks for strengthening Party building and self-improvement of the NPC.
維護(hù)黨中央權(quán)威和集中統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，確保黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)落實(shí)到人大工作各領(lǐng)域各方面各環(huán)節(jié)。認(rèn)真開展“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育，強(qiáng)化理論武裝，增強(qiáng)為人民服務(wù)、為實(shí)現(xiàn)黨的歷史使命不懈奮斗的責(zé)任感使命感。圍繞提升履職能力和工作水平，舉辦6次專題講座。召開習(xí)近平總書記關(guān)于堅(jiān)持和完善人民代表大會制度的重要思想第二次學(xué)習(xí)交流會，深刻理解和把握人民代表大會制度的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和新時(shí)代人大工作的實(shí)踐要求。完成人大制度理論研究會換屆工作，全面加強(qiáng)人大理論與實(shí)踐研究。
We upheld the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and ensured that the Party’s leadership covers all areas of the NPC’s work at every stage. We earnestly carried out the intraparty educational campaign on the theme of “staying true to Party’s founding mission,” enhanced our theoretical competence, and built a stronger sense of responsibility and mission for serving the people and working tirelessly toward the Party’s historic objectives. With a view to raising our capacity to perform our duties and making our work more efficient, we held six lectures on related topics. We held the second seminar for studying General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thinking on 15 upholding and improving the system of people’s congresses. Through this seminar, we acquired a deeper understanding and firmer grasp of the system’s significance and the practical requirements for the work of people’s congresses in the new era. We also completed the election of a new council for the China Institute of Theory on the People’s Congress System, and took comprehensive measures to improve theoretical and practical research on people’s congresses.
擴(kuò)大公眾對人大工作的有序參與，通過多種形式聽取群眾意見，真正做到為人民用權(quán)、為人民履職。深入貫徹中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定及其實(shí)施細(xì)則精神，力戒形式主義、官僚主義，統(tǒng)籌安排調(diào)研活動(dòng)，及時(shí)了解和反映人民群眾所思所盼所想。常委會、專門委員會開展調(diào)研近300次。發(fā)揮基層立法聯(lián)系點(diǎn)接地氣、聚民智的“直通車”作用，支持基層群眾參與立法全過程，原汁原味收集反映意見建議。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)信訪工作，開通全國人大機(jī)關(guān)網(wǎng)上信訪平臺，辦理來信來訪近8萬件次，其中代表轉(zhuǎn)交的178件，推動(dòng)依法及時(shí)解決群眾合理訴求。
We expanded public participation in the work of people’s congresses in an organized manner, and solicited the views of the people through various channels, thereby truly ensuring that we exercise our authority and fulfill our duties in service of the people. We fully executed the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and the detailed rules for its implementation, and took a firm stance against bureaucratism and the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake. We arranged research activities in a coordinated manner to help deputies understand and convey the people’s thoughts and expectations in a timely manner. The Standing Committee and special committees carried out nearly 300 research projects last year. We took full advantage of legislative outreach offices by directly soliciting views and ideas from the public, and encouraged the general public to participate in the entire legislative process. We were thus able to collect suggestions and advice and convey them in an authentic and accurate manner. We intensified and improved work related to the handling of people’s complaints, setting up an online platform for administrative bodies of the NPC to receive and process public complaints. Nearly 80,000 letters and visits were handled, with 178 letters forwarded via deputies, helping the NPC promptly address the justified appeals of the public in accordance with the law.
全國人大及其常委會作為國家立法機(jī)關(guān)，帶頭遵守憲法法律，依法履職、依法辦事。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行立法法、監(jiān)督法和常委會議事規(guī)則，確保每一次會議、每一項(xiàng)議程、每一件議案都符合憲法法律規(guī)定和法定程序。堅(jiān)持集體行使職權(quán)、集體決定問題，合理安排全體會議、分組審議和聯(lián)組審議，發(fā)揚(yáng)民主，集思廣益，形成共識，把民主集中制貫穿履職全過程。從履行法定職責(zé)的高度嚴(yán)肅會風(fēng)會紀(jì)，常委會會議出席率保持在97%以上，做到所有表決事項(xiàng)全人全次按表決器，確保人民賦予的權(quán)力得到正確有效行使。
As the legislative organ of the state, the NPC and its Standing Committee sets an example in observing the Constitution and other laws by ensuring that our work and duties are performed in accordance with the law. We strictly enforced the Legislation Law, the Oversight Law, and the rules for Standing Committee deliberations, thereby guaranteeing that every meeting, every agenda, and every proposal conforms to constitutional and legal regulations and statutory procedures. We remained committed to making decisions and exercising our authority on a collective basis, and made reasonable arrangements for plenary sessions as well as group and panel deliberations. In an effort to foster democracy and gather a wide range of opinions while building consensus, we practiced the principle of democratic centralism throughout the performance of our duties. With a view to fully performing our legally prescribed duties, we improved the organization of 16 meetings and imposed strict discipline during meetings. More specifically, we kept the attendance rate of Standing Committee meetings above 97 percent, and made sure that every attending deputy cast a vote on each issue via electronic voting device, thus seeing that the power vested in us by the people was exercised effectively and properly.
全國人大各專門委員會認(rèn)真履行法定職責(zé)，在研究、擬訂、審議有關(guān)議案，協(xié)助常委會開展立法、監(jiān)督、代表、對外工作等方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。全面加強(qiáng)全國人大機(jī)關(guān)政治、思想、組織、作風(fēng)、紀(jì)律建設(shè)，開展兩輪內(nèi)部巡視，加強(qiáng)警示教育和廉政風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控，提高參謀助手和服務(wù)保障水平，打造讓黨中央放心、讓人民群眾滿意的模范機(jī)關(guān)。
Special committees of the NPC earnestly performed their legally prescribed duties, and played an important role in researching, drafting, and deliberating relevant proposals, as well as in assisting the Standing Committee on its work related to legislation, oversight, deputies, and foreign relations. We took comprehensive steps to press ahead with the development of the administrative bodies of the NPC with regard to political awareness, theoretical competence, organization, conduct, and discipline. To be specific, we carried out two rounds of internal inspections, put greater stress on conducting cautionary education and preventing potential corruption, and better exerted the role of these bodies as advisors, assistants, and service-providers in the work of the NPC, thereby building them into model bodies that the CPC Central Committee can trust and that the people are satisfied with.
改進(jìn)和加強(qiáng)人大新聞輿論工作，深化立法、監(jiān)督工作全過程報(bào)道，展現(xiàn)代表履職風(fēng)采，宣傳地方人大工作創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐，推動(dòng)國家根本政治制度深入人心。創(chuàng)新人大新聞輿論宣傳方式，加快中國人大雜志和中國人大網(wǎng)改革，推進(jìn)“刊網(wǎng)微端”融合發(fā)展。建立全國人大外事委員會發(fā)言人機(jī)制，及時(shí)就涉及我國核心利益的重大問題闡明立場、主張。建立常委會法制工作委員會發(fā)言人機(jī)制，回應(yīng)人民群眾對有關(guān)法律問題的關(guān)切。
We improved and intensified our work on media and public communications by enhancing reporting on the full legislative and oversight processes, putting the diligence of our deputies on display, and publicizing the innovative work of local people’s congresses, thus boosting awareness of China’s fundamental political system among the public. We created new means of publicity by accelerating efforts to revamp the NPC’s magazine and website, and promoted integrated development of our publicity efforts through publications, websites, microblogs, WeChat, and news applications. We established a spokesperson mechanism for the NPC’s Foreign Affairs Committee so that we can promptly clarify our stance on major issues involving China’s core interests. In addition, another spokesperson mechanism was established for the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee in order to respond to public concerns on legal issues.
召開紀(jì)念地方人大設(shè)立常委會40周年座談會、省級人大立法工作交流會、第25次全國地方立法工作座談會，認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)貫徹習(xí)近平總書記重要指示精神，加強(qiáng)工作聯(lián)系，交流工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，形成工作合力，共同做好新時(shí)代人大工作。
We held a symposium to mark the 40th anniversary of the establishment of standing committees for local people’s congresses at and above the county level, a conference for provincial people’s congresses to share their experience in legislative work, and the 25th national forum on local legislation. In all of these efforts, we thoroughly studied and implemented General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions, maintained closer working relations with local people’s 17 congresses, and exchanged experiences drawn from our work with people’s congresses at different levels, thus forming synergy for effectively performing the work of people’s congresses in the new era.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
全國人大常委會工作取得的成績，是在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國人大代表、常委會組成人員、各專門委員會組成人員和全國人大機(jī)關(guān)工作人員履職盡責(zé)、辛勤工作的結(jié)果，是國務(wù)院、國家監(jiān)察委員會、最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院和地方各級人大及其常委會密切配合、通力協(xié)作的結(jié)果，是全國各族人民充分信任、大力支持的結(jié)果。在此，我代表全國人大常委會表示衷心的感謝！
The achievements made by the Standing Committee came under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. They were the result of the diligent and hard work of all NPC deputies, members of the NPC Standing Committee and special committees, and the staff of the administrative bodies of the NPC; of the close coordination and cooperation of the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, and local people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees; and of the full trust and great support of the Chinese people. On behalf of the Standing Committee, I would like to express our sincere gratitude.
常委會工作還存在一些差距和不足，主要有：在立法工作中的主導(dǎo)作用發(fā)揮不夠充分，立法質(zhì)量需要進(jìn)一步提升；監(jiān)督工作的機(jī)制方式有待完善，監(jiān)督實(shí)效需要進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)；服務(wù)代表依法履職的工作水平有待提高，相關(guān)機(jī)制舉措需要進(jìn)一步落細(xì)落實(shí)；人大組織制度和議事規(guī)則需要進(jìn)一步健全完善，機(jī)關(guān)工作效率需要進(jìn)一步提升。常委會將虛心聽取代表和各方面意見建議，不斷加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)各項(xiàng)工作。
However, there were also certain shortcomings in the work of the Standing Committee. These mainly include the following: we didn’t sufficiently exercise our leading role in legislation, and the quality of legislation needs to be further enhanced; our oversight mechanisms and approaches need to be refined, and the effectiveness of oversight needs to be improved; our work to serve deputies in order to aid them in the performance of their duties needs to be enhanced, and measures and mechanisms in this regard need to be implemented more thoroughly and effectively; and the NPC’s organizational systems and procedural rules need to be further refined, and the administrative bodies of the NPC need to work more efficiently. The Standing Committee will seek comments and suggestions from deputies and all sectors of society with an open mind, and make constant efforts to improve our work in all respects.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
黨的十九屆四中全會系統(tǒng)總結(jié)我國國家制度和國家治理體系的巨大成就和顯著優(yōu)勢，對新時(shí)代堅(jiān)持和完善中國特色社會主義制度、推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化作出頂層設(shè)計(jì)和全面部署。人民代表大會制度是中國特色社會主義制度的重要組成部分，是支撐國家治理體系和治理能力的根本政治制度。新中國成立70年來，中國人民從國家的快速發(fā)展變化中，越來越清楚地認(rèn)識到，人民代表大會制度具有巨大的優(yōu)越性和強(qiáng)大的生命力。我們要始終堅(jiān)持和完善人民代表大會制度，不斷豐富人民代表大會制度的實(shí)踐特色、時(shí)代特色，把制度優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化為國家治理效能，通過人民代表大會制度把國家和民族的前途命運(yùn)牢牢掌握在人民手中。
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee has systematically summarized the tremendous achievements and marked strengths of China’s state system and national governance system, and laid out top-level designs and comprehensive plans for upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and advancing the 18 modernization of China’s governance system and capacity for governance. The people’s congress system is an important component of the Chinese socialist system, and the fundamental political system that serves as the pillar of our national governance system and capacity. As our nation has rapidly developed and evolved in the seven decades since the founding of the PRC, the Chinese people have built a clearer understanding of the fact that the people’s congress system is a vital system that boasts enormous advantages. We must remain committed to upholding and improving the people’s congress system, and constantly enrich its practical nature and contemporary relevance. By doing so, we can translate our institutional strengths into effective national governance, and use the people’s congress system to ensure that our nation’s destiny remains firmly in the hands of our people.
今后一個(gè)階段的主要任務(wù)
Main Tasks for the Coming Months
2020年，我們黨將帶領(lǐng)人民實(shí)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)。當(dāng)前，外部環(huán)境嚴(yán)峻復(fù)雜，國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)艱巨繁重，人大工作面臨著許多新情況新要求。常委會要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想為指導(dǎo)，全面貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中、四中全會精神，增強(qiáng)“四個(gè)意識”、堅(jiān)定“四個(gè)自信”、做到“兩個(gè)維護(hù)”，堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，緊扣推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化，緊扣統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)“五位一體”總體布局、協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局，緊扣決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅(jiān)目標(biāo)任務(wù)、全面建成小康社會，助力統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展工作，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，依法履職盡責(zé)，推動(dòng)人大工作不斷取得新成績新進(jìn)展。
In 2020, our Party will lead the people in fulfilling the first centenary goal. Facing a challenging and complex international environment as well as formidable tasks for advancing domestic reform and development and ensuring stability, the NPC must come to terms with numerous new developments and demands in its work. The Standing Committee must hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and fully implement the guiding principles of the Party’s 19th National Congress and the second, third, and fourth plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee. We must boost our awareness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. We must strengthen our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Central Committee’s authority and centralized, unified leadership. We must uphold the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance. We must focus our work on modernizing China’s governance system and capacity for governance, on coordinating efforts to implement the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy, and on securing decisive success in 19 our efforts to win the fight against poverty and build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We must support the coordinated advancement of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, remain committed to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, carry out our duties and functions in accordance with the law, and strive to make new progress in our work.
今年以來，按照黨中央總體部署，常委會各項(xiàng)工作有序推進(jìn)。下一步的主要工作安排是：
Since the start of this year, all work of the Standing Committee has proceeded in an orderly fashion in accordance with the Central Committee’s overall plans. In the coming months, we will focus our efforts on the following main tasks:
（一）確保憲法全面實(shí)施。落實(shí)憲法解釋程序機(jī)制。推進(jìn)合憲性審查工作。加強(qiáng)備案審查制度和能力建設(shè)，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行《法規(guī)、司法解釋備案審查工作辦法》，健全備案審查信息平臺功能，加強(qiáng)主動(dòng)審查和專項(xiàng)審查。做好憲法宣傳教育，組織好憲法宣誓和國家憲法日活動(dòng)。堅(jiān)持依法治港治澳，維護(hù)憲法和基本法確定的憲制秩序，完善全國人大常委會對基本法的解釋制度，從國家層面建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制，加快推進(jìn)相關(guān)立法。堅(jiān)持對臺工作大政方針，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則，堅(jiān)決反對和遏制“臺獨(dú)”分裂勢力，在“九二共識”基礎(chǔ)上推動(dòng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。
First, ensuring full enforcement of the Constitution. We will see that procedures and mechanisms for interpreting the Constitution are well implemented, and make progress in constitutional compliance inspection. We will build up our system and capacity for recording and reviewing normative documents, rigorously implement the Measures for Recording and Review of Regulations and Judicial Interpretations, enhance the functions of the national digital platform for recording and reviewing these documents, and take greater initiative to conduct general reviews and targeted reviews. We will promote public awareness of the Constitution, and organize pledges of allegiance to the Constitution and activities for National Constitution Day. Remaining committed to upholding law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao, we will work to safeguard constitutional order in the two special administrative regions as stipulated in China’s Constitution and the basic laws, refine the system for interpreting the basic laws by the NPC Standing Committee, establish a sound legal system and effective enforcement mechanisms at the national level for safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and accelerate related legislative initiatives. We will maintain our principles and policies on work related to Taiwan, uphold the one-China principle, resolutely oppose and restrict separatist forces seeking “Taiwan Independence,” and promote the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations on the basis of the 1992 Consensus.
（二）加強(qiáng)重要領(lǐng)域立法。今年立法工作任務(wù)十分繁重，要把握好質(zhì)量和效率的關(guān)系，更好發(fā)揮人大在立法工作中的主導(dǎo)作用，在提高精細(xì)化、精準(zhǔn)度、針對性上下功夫，確保立一件成一件。圍繞推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，制定長江保護(hù)法、鄉(xiāng)村振興促進(jìn)法、期貨法、海南自由貿(mào)易港法，修改專利法等。圍繞完善民生保障制度，突出公共衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域立法，修改動(dòng)物防疫法、野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)法、傳染病防治法、國境衛(wèi)生檢疫法、突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對法、職業(yè)教育法，制定社會救助法、退役軍人保障法等。圍繞國家安全和社會治理，制定生物安全法、個(gè)人信息保護(hù)法、數(shù)據(jù)安全法，通過刑法修正案（十一），修改行政處罰法、行政復(fù)議法、治安管理處罰法、人民武裝警察法等。圍繞加快我國法域外適用的法律體系建設(shè)，制定出口管制法，修改反洗錢法、中國人民銀行法、商業(yè)銀行法、保險(xiǎn)法等。圍繞完善人民當(dāng)家作主制度體系，修改全國人大組織法和議事規(guī)則、選舉法、國旗法等。做好民法典的宣傳和實(shí)施工作。還要根據(jù)全面深化改革的需要，做好授權(quán)決定和改革決定等相關(guān)立法工作，確保黨中央確定的重大立法任務(wù)、事關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展全局的立法任務(wù)圓滿完成。
Second, strengthening legislative work in key areas. Facing extremely onerous tasks on the legislative agenda this year, we must balance quality and efficiency, give better play to the leading role of people’s congresses in legislation, endeavor to make our legislation more thoughtfully designed and precisely targeted, and follow through with every piece of legislation put forward. To 20 promote high-quality development, we will formulate the Yangtze River Conservation Law, the Law on Promoting Rural Vitalization, the Futures Law, and the Hainan Free Trade Port Law, and revise the Patent Law. To improve systems for ensuring people’s wellbeing, we will prioritize legislation on public health. We will revise the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention, the Wildlife Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law, the Emergency Response Law, and the Vocational Education Law, and formulate the Social Assistance Law the Law on Support for Veterans. In the realms of national security and social governance, we will formulate the Bio-Security Law, the Law on Protection of Personal Information, and the Data Security Law, pass Amendment XI to the Criminal Law, and revise the Administrative Penalty Law, the Law on Administrative Review, the Public Security Management Penalty Law, and the Law on the People’s Armed Police Force. To accelerate the creation of a system of laws for extraterritorial application, we will formulate the Export Control Law and revise the Anti-Money Laundering Law, the Law on the People’s Bank of China, the Law on Commercial Banks, and the Insurance Law. To improve the system of institutions through which the people exercise their role as masters of the country, we will revise the Organic Law of the NPC, the NPC’s procedural rules, the Electoral Law, and the National Flag Law. We will work to effectively publicize and enforce the Civil Code. In response to the need to deepen reforms on all fronts, we will ensure that legislative work relating to decisions regarding authorizations and reforms is well executed. All in all, we will endeavor to accomplish the major legislative tasks set by the CPC Central Committee and those with a bearing on overall economic and social development.
（三）依法做好監(jiān)督工作。健全監(jiān)督制度機(jī)制，保證黨中央決策部署落到實(shí)處，保證憲法法律有效實(shí)施。聚焦黨和國家重大工作部署，預(yù)安排了29個(gè)監(jiān)督項(xiàng)目。圍繞全面建成小康社會，打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，做好“六穩(wěn)”工作，落實(shí)“六保”任務(wù)，聽取審議關(guān)于落實(shí)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略等情況的16個(gè)工作報(bào)告，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)預(yù)算決算審查監(jiān)督和國有資產(chǎn)管理監(jiān)督。檢查常委會有關(guān)決定和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)法、土壤污染防治法、慈善法、反不正當(dāng)競爭法、公共文化服務(wù)保障法、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化促進(jìn)法等6部法律的實(shí)施情況。圍繞土壤污染防治、審計(jì)查出突出問題整改情況開展專題詢問。圍繞“十四五”規(guī)劃綱要編制、民族團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步創(chuàng)建工作、社會保險(xiǎn)制度改革等開展5項(xiàng)專題調(diào)研。今年，我國決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅(jiān)、全面建成小康社會的偉大事業(yè)，必將載入中華民族、人類歷史的光輝史冊。常委會要緊緊圍繞這一重大戰(zhàn)略布局開展監(jiān)督工作，為第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)的如期實(shí)現(xiàn)作出應(yīng)有貢獻(xiàn)。
Third, exercising oversight in accordance with the law. We will improve oversight systems and mechanisms to ensure full implementation of the CPC Central Committee’s decisions and plans and effective enforcement of the Constitution and the law. We have put 29 oversight tasks on our agenda centered on major Party and state work plans. Focusing on issues including building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, making progress in the three critical battles against poverty, pollution, and potential risk, taking effective steps to stabilize employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations, and implementing tasks to maintain job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of county-level 21 governments, we will hear and deliberate 16 work reports on topics such as implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, and further intensify the review and oversight of government budgets and final accounts and the oversight over the management of state-owned assets. We will review the decisions made by the Standing Committee and the enforcement of six laws, including the Wildlife Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, the Charity Law, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the Law on Guaranteeing Public Cultural Services, and the Law on Promoting Agricultural Mechanization. We will conduct special inquiries on prevention and control of soil pollution and the rectification of prominent problems discovered through audit, and launch five research projects on issues including compilation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, activities to foster ethnic unity and progress, and reform of the social insurance system. Our decisive success this year in winning the fight against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects will go down in the history of the Chinese nation and the history of all humanity. The Standing Committee must focus its oversight work on these grand strategies, and contribute to completing the first centenary goal on schedule.
（四）支持代表依法履職。健全代表聯(lián)絡(luò)機(jī)制，落實(shí)關(guān)于加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)全國人大代表工作的具體措施，密切常委會同代表、代表同人民群眾的聯(lián)系。加強(qiáng)代表自身建設(shè)，不斷提升思想政治水平和履職盡責(zé)能力。改進(jìn)代表議案建議提出、辦理、反饋各環(huán)節(jié)工作，落實(shí)代表建議答復(fù)承諾解決機(jī)制，抓好跟蹤督辦。擴(kuò)大并改進(jìn)代表對常委會、專門委員會、工作委員會工作的參與，認(rèn)真聽取和采納代表提出的意見建議。統(tǒng)籌做好代表視察、調(diào)研等工作，增強(qiáng)代表學(xué)習(xí)培訓(xùn)的針對性實(shí)效性。加快代表履職信息化平臺建設(shè)。
Fourth, supporting deputies in performing their duties in accordance with the law. We will improve systems for maintaining contact with deputies, implement specific measures for strengthening and improving work related to NPC deputies, and maintain good communication between the Standing Committee and deputies and between deputies and the public. We will help deputies pursue self-improvement, enhance their theoretical competence, and foster political integrity, so that they can better perform their duties. We will do a better job at receiving, handling and giving feedback on proposals and suggestions put forward by deputies, implement mechanisms for responding to and resolving the issues raised in their suggestions, and tighten follow-up oversight. We will expand and improve deputies’ participation in the work of the Standing Committee, special committees, and working bodies of the NPC Standing Committee, earnestly solicit their input, and act on their advice when appropriate. We will coordinate inspection and research activities for deputies, and provide them with more targeted and effective study and training programs. We will also move faster to establish digital platforms for deputies to perform their duties.
（五）積極開展對外工作。充分發(fā)揮人大在對外交往方面的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，服務(wù)黨和國家外交大局。加強(qiáng)高層交往，發(fā)揮專門委員會、友好小組、工作機(jī)構(gòu)在對外交往中的作用。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)機(jī)制交流，積極參與議會多邊合作，加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域立法交流，促進(jìn)國家關(guān)系發(fā)展和各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)合作。
Fifth, actively carrying out work on international exchanges. We will leverage our unique strengths with regard to foreign exchanges, and serve the overall diplomatic work of the Party and the state. We will enhance high-level 22 exchanges, and let NPC special committees, bilateral friendship groups, and working bodies of the Standing Committee play an active role in international exchanges. We will also steadily advance mechanism-based exchanges, actively participate in multilateral cooperation between parliamentary bodies, and strengthen exchanges on legislation in the public health sector, thereby growing China’s relationships with other countries and boosting pragmatic cooperation across all fields.
（六）加強(qiáng)常委會自身建設(shè)。鞏固和深化“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育成果，深入學(xué)習(xí)貫徹習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想。認(rèn)真落實(shí)中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定及其實(shí)施細(xì)則精神，改進(jìn)工作作風(fēng)，密切聯(lián)系群眾，深入開展調(diào)查研究。完善議事程序和工作機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)人民代表大會制度理論研究，改進(jìn)人大新聞輿論工作。充分發(fā)揮專門委員會作用。切實(shí)加強(qiáng)全國人大機(jī)關(guān)建設(shè)。圍繞貫徹落實(shí)黨中央大政方針和決策部署，加強(qiáng)與地方人大聯(lián)系，增強(qiáng)人大工作整體實(shí)效。
Sixth, enhancing self-improvement of the Standing Committee. We will consolidate and further the outcomes of the educational campaign on the theme of staying true to the Party’s founding mission, and thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We will earnestly execute the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on conduct and the detailed rules for its implementation, improve our conduct in our work, maintain close ties with the people, and carry out in-depth research. We will refine our deliberation procedures and working mechanisms. We will step up theoretical research on the people’s congress system, and perform better on press-related work and public communications. We will give full play to the role of the special committees of the NPC, and take solid steps to develop its administrative bodies. In the interest of implementing the CPC Central Committee’s major policies, decisions, and plans, we will strengthen contact with local people’s congresses and enhance the effectiveness of our work overall.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
全面建成小康社會勝利在即，民族復(fù)興光明前景催人奮進(jìn)。讓我們緊密團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，勠力同心、銳意進(jìn)取，只爭朝夕、不負(fù)重托，為堅(jiān)持和完善中國特色社會主義制度、推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化，實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢努力奮斗！
We are now at the cusp of achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, with the bright prospect of national rejuvenation spurring us forward. Let us rally closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, unite and forge ahead with great determination, make diligent efforts to live up to the great trust that has been placed in us, and work hard to uphold and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, modernize China’s governance system and capacity for governance, achieve the two Centenary Goals, and realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation!
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