一、 中央決策
I. Decisions by the Central
Leadership
1．讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭第一線高高飄揚
在中國，一個黨員就是一面旗幟，一個支部就是一座堡壘。2020年1月27日，習近平作出重要指示，讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭第一線高高飄揚。這一嚴明號令、有力動員，鼓舞和激勵著廣大黨員干部沖鋒在防控疫情斗爭第一線，堅決遏制疫情蔓延勢頭，堅決維護社會大局穩定、守護人民幸福安康。
讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭第一線高高飄揚，各級黨委必須統一領導、統一指揮、統一行動。要增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”，把思想和行動統一到習近平重要講話、重要指示和中央政治局常委會會議精神上來，統一到黨中央決策部署上來。要充分發揮好黨支部戰斗堡壘作用、黨員先鋒模范作用，全面貫徹堅定信心、同舟共濟、科學防治、精準施策的總要求。在防控疫情的嚴峻斗爭中，各級黨組織和廣大黨員干部要把初心寫在行動上，把使命落在崗位上，讓每個黨支部都成為堅強的戰斗堡壘，每名黨員都成為一面鮮紅的旗幟。
1. Let the Party Flag Fly High
on the Front Line of the Anti-Epidemic War.
In China, a Party member
is like a flag and a Party branch is like a fortress. On January 27, Xi Jinping
instructed letting the Party flag fly high on the front line of the war against
the epidemic. Obeying this mobilization order, numerous Party members and
officials are inspired to take firm actions on the front line, and resolutely
safeguard overall social stability and the well-being of the people.
To let the Party
flag fly high on the front line of the war, Party committees at all levels must
follow the unified leadership and command and take unified action. They need to
enhance their consciousness of maintaining political integrity, thinking in
big-picture terms, following the leadership core, and keeping in alignment with
the central Party leadership, have confidence in the socialist path, theory,
system and culture, and resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the whole Party
and uphold the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized and
unified leadership. They must unify their thinking and action with the
guidelines of Xi Jinping’s speeches and directives and
the meetings of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC
Central Committee, and with the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central
Committee.
It is necessary to give
full play to the role of Party branches and the exemplary vanguard role of
Party members, and fully implement the central leadership’s general requirement of “being united to
take science-based and targeted measures and fight the epidemic with
confidence.”
In this grave
struggle against the epidemic, Party organizations at all levels and the vast
number of Party members and officials must turn their mission of serving the
people into firm actions and work diligently on their posts. Only in this way,
every Party branch can become a strong fighting fortress and every Party member
can become a high-flying Party flag.
2．黨政領導干部要堅守崗位、靠前指揮、強化擔當
2020年1月25日，習近平在中共中央政治局常委會專題會議上指出，各級黨政領導干部，特別是主要領導干部要堅守崗位、靠前指揮，在防控疫情斗爭中經受考驗，深入防控疫情第一線，及時發聲指導，及時掌握疫情，及時采取行動，做到守土有責、守土盡責。2月10日，習近平在北京市調研指導新冠肺炎疫情防控工作時再次強調，各級黨政領導干部要靠前指揮、強化擔當。
這是動員令，也是宣言書，更是軍令狀。這場嚴峻復雜的抗疫戰斗，對領導干部而言既是政治素質和全局觀念的重大考驗，又是宗旨意識和為民情懷的重大考驗。作為“關鍵少數”，各級領導干部應主動擔當作為，發揮關鍵作用，筑起基層防控堡壘。打贏疫情防控的人民戰爭、總體戰、阻擊戰，絕不容許推諉扯皮，對于作風漂浮、失職瀆職者必須追究責任、依法懲處。實踐證明，能不能打贏這場仗，能不能做好防控工作，領導干部的治理能力是關鍵因素，必須具備相應的危機處理能力、資源調度能力、社會管理能力和輿論引導能力。
2. Leading Officials Must Stand
Fast at Post, Command at the Forefront, and Shoulder Their Responsibilities.
Addressing the
meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central
Committee on January 25, 2020, Xi Jinping demanded Party and government
officials at all levels, especially leading ones, stand fast at their posts and
command at the forefront. They must stand the test in the fight against the
epidemic, go deep into the front line, give guidance in time, closely monitor
the situation and promptly take actions. They must perform their due
responsibilities and try their best.
He reiterated the
responsibilities of leading Party and government officials at all levels during
an inspection of the epidemic prevention work in Beijing on February 10.
This is a mobilization
and an order. For leading officials, the severe and complicated battle is a
major test of their political quality, their sense of mission and their care of
the people. They must take the initiative and play a key role in building up
the stronghold at the grassroots level.
To win the nation’s war on the epidemic, prevarication and buck-passing must not be
allowed, and those with superficial conduct or dereliction of duty shall be
called to account and punished according to the law. Practices have proved that
the governance capacity of leading officials is a critical factor to win this
war and to effective epidemic control. The officials must have strong capabilities
in crisis management, resource distribution, social administration and public
relations.
3．做好疫情防控工作，直接關系人民生命安全和身體健康，直接關系經濟社會大局穩定，也事關我國對外開放
2020年2月3日，習近平總書記主持召開專題會議并強調，做好疫情防控工作，直接關系人民生命安全和身體健康，直接關系經濟社會大局穩定，也事關我國對外開放。
疫情防控工作直接關系人民生命財產安全和身體健康。這就要求各級政府全力以赴救治患者，保障醫療防護物資供應，努力提高收治率和治愈率、降低感染率和病死率，這也是防控工作的突出任務。必須統籌做好人員調配，盡量把精兵強將集中起來，把重癥病人集中起來，統一進行救治，及時推廣各醫院救治重癥病人的有效做法。
疫情防控工作直接關系經濟社會大局穩定。這就要求各級黨委和政府繼續為實現今年經濟社會發展目標任務而努力，切實維護正常的經濟社會秩序。必須在加強疫情防控的同時，通過落實“菜籃子”市長負責制，積極組織蔬菜等副食品生產，加強物資調配和市場供應等措施，努力保持生產生活平穩有序，確保蔬菜、肉蛋奶、糧食等居民生活必需品供應。
疫情防控工作事關我國對外開放。這就要求中國優先保障在全球供應鏈中有重要影響的龍頭企業和關鍵環節恢復生產供應，維護全球供應鏈穩定。只有站在全球供應鏈核心節點上的中國行業企業及時運轉、中國機器有序開動，全球供應鏈才能保持穩定。
3. Epidemic Control: Directly
Affecting People’s Lives and Health, Overall Economic and Social Stability, and
China’s Opening Up
At the meeting on
February 3, Xi Jinping pointed out that epidemic prevention and control
directly affects people’s lives and health, the overall economic and
social stability, and China’s opening up to the outside
world.
As it directly affects
people’s lives, property and health, governments at
all levels must spare no pains to save patients, and ensure the supply of
medical protective equipment, so as to raise the hospital admission rate and
the recovery rate, and lower the infection rate and the case fatality rate. All
these are very important to epidemic prevention and control. It is necessary to
coordinate personnel deployment, concentrate the best medical workers, put
together all severe cases for treatment, and rapidly promote the effective
practices of various hospitals in curing severe patients.
As it directly
affects the overall economic and social stability, Party committees and
governments at all levels must make efforts to achieve the goals and tasks of
this year’s economic and social development, and
earnestly maintain normal economic and social order. While combating the
epidemic, city mayors need to ensure the “vegetable
basket” (non-grain food supply) and actively organize
production of vegetables and other non-staple foods, efficiently allocate
materials and market supply, strive to maintain stability and order in
production and life, and guarantee the supply of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk,
grain and other daily necessities for residents.
As it directly affects
China’s opening up to the outside world, the country
need to give priority to the resumption of production and supply by leading
enterprises and key links in the global supply chain, in order to maintain
stability of the chain. Only when China sets in motion in an orderly manner and
Chinese enterprises keep operating smoothly, can the global supply chain remain
stable.
4．同時間賽跑，與病魔較量
2020年2月3日，習近平主持召開專題會議并強調，同時間賽跑、與病魔較量，堅決遏制疫情蔓延勢頭，堅決打贏疫情防控阻擊戰。這一要求，彰顯了人民利益高于一切的執政理念，傳遞出分秒必爭戰勝病魔的堅定信心。
時間就是生命，抗擊疫情，就是一場與時間的賽跑。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，黨員干部沖鋒在前，醫護人員日夜奔忙，火神山醫院、雷神山醫院建設者忘我鏖戰，億萬中國人民行動起來，匯聚起一股強大的戰斗力量。在防控疫情這場沒有硝煙的戰爭中，每一次微小的勝利，都是爭分奪秒奮勇拼搏的結果。
疫情是魔鬼，戰勝疫情，就是贏得與魔鬼的較量。要拿出強勁的勇氣和實力，不能讓魔鬼藏匿。要用科研攻關與它較量，在新冠病毒疫苗的研發方面不斷取得新進展；用團結奮戰與它較量，打響疫情防控的人民戰爭；用過硬作風與它較量，各級領導干部深入防控一線，雷厲風行解決突出問題，及時為群眾排憂解難，有力推動各項防控工作貫徹落實。
4. Racing Against the Clock to
Fight the Disease
While presiding over a
meeting on February 3, Xi Jinping called for racing against the clock to fight
the disease. He demanded all-out efforts to resolutely curb the spread of the
epidemic and win the battle against it. This reflects the ruling idea that
takes the interests of the people above all else.
Time is crucial for
saving lives, and it is vital to race against time to fight the epidemic. Under
the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core,
Party members and officials charged forward, medical personnel worked non-stop
shifts, constructors were heavily occupied day and night to build the
Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals, and hundreds of millions of Chinese
people took actions and formed a powerful fighting force. There is no smoke of
gunpowder in this war against the epidemic, but every small victory is the
result of fighting courageously against the clock.
Facing such a devil, we
must be very brave and use our full strength against it, and not let it hide
anywhere. We need to tackle key problems through scientific research, and
develop effective vaccines as early as possible. We need to wage a people’s war and fight with solidarity. Leading officials must go deep into
the front line, solve prominent problems, and alleviate people’s sufferings, in an effort to promote epidemic prevention and
control.
二、政策部署
II. Anti-Epidemic Guidelines
and Arrangements
1．優先滿足一線醫護人員和救治病人需要
2020年2月3日，習近平主持召開中共中央政治局常委會會議，強調要重點抓好防治力量的區域統籌，堅決把救治資源和防護資源集中到抗擊疫情第一線，優先滿足一線醫護人員和救治病人需要。2月14日，習近平在中共中央全面深化改革委員會第十二次會議講話中強調，要平戰結合、補齊短板，健全優化重大疫情救治體系，建立健全分級、分層、分流的傳染病等重大疫情救治機制，支持一線臨床技術創新，及時推廣有效救治方案。2月23日，習近平在統籌推進新冠肺炎疫情防控和經濟社會發展工作部署會議講話中強調，要發揮好高水平醫療團隊作用，把好鋼用在刀刃上，在重癥救治、病例指導、方案優化等方面更好發揮他們的作用。
醫務人員是戰勝疫情的中堅力量。從醫院救治一線到科研攻關前沿，從完善診療方案、精心救治患者，到治愈率不斷提高、病亡率持續下降，各地不斷傳來患者治愈出院的好消息。廣大醫務人員為打贏疫情防控阻擊戰筑起了生命防線、提供了專業支撐。
各級黨委和政府積極采取務實、貼心的舉措，幫助廣大醫務人員解決實際困難和問題，免除后顧之憂。措施體現在三個方面：把生活保障做到位，改善工作和休息條件，合理安排醫務人員輪休，落實有關待遇，提供良好后勤服務；把安全保障做到位，醫療防護物資優先滿足一線醫護人員和救治病人需要，加大對暴力傷醫違法行為打擊力度；把人文關懷做到位，加強心理危機干預和心理疏導，保護好醫務人員身心健康。
1. Ensuring Priority Access of
Frontline Medical Workers and Patients
On February 3, at
the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC
Central Committee, Xi Jinping underscored coordination among epidemic
prevention and control forces among different regions, and demanded
concentrating treatment and protective resources on the front line and giving
priority to the needs of frontline medical workers and patients.
On February 14, at
the meeting of the Commission for Comprehensive Reform under the CPC Central
Committee, Xi emphasized the need to get prepared for both peacetime and
epidemic time, improve the areas of weakness, improve the medical treatment system
for major epidemics, establish a sound graded, multilevel treatment mechanism
for infectious diseases and other major epidemic situations, support
innovations of frontline clinical technology, and promptly promote effective
treatment plans.
On February 23, speaking
to the meeting held to coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic
and social development, he called for giving full play to the high-level
medical teams where they are most needed: curing severe cases, guiding medical
practices, and optimizing treatment plans.
Medical workers are the
backbone force in defeating the epidemic. From saving lives in frontline
hospitals to conducting research to tackle key problems, from updating the
guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, treating the patients with all possible
approaches, to continuously raising the recovery rate and lowering the case
fatality rate, heartening reports are pouring in from all over the country as
more and more patients are cured and discharged from the hospital. A large
number of medical workers have built a line of defense and provided
professional support for winning the war.
Party committees and
governments at all levels have actively taken pragmatic and intimate measures
to help medical workers overcome difficulties, solve problems, and eliminate
worries: (1) offering them more support in daily life by improving their
working and resting conditions, properly arranging off-days in rotation,
implementing relevant preferential policies and providing good logistics
services; (2) offering them more security assurance by first providing
sufficient medical protective materials to frontline medical workers and
patients, and punishing illegal acts of hospital violence; and (3) offering
them more humanistic care and psychological intervention and counseling, and
protecting both their physical and mental health.
2．防控力量向社區下沉
2020年2月10日，習近平在北京調研指導新冠肺炎疫情防控工作時強調，社區是疫情聯防聯控的第一線，也是外防輸入、內防擴散最有效的防線，把社區這道防線守住，就能有效切斷疫情擴散蔓延的渠道，全國都要充分發揮社區在疫情防控中的阻擊作用，把防控力量向社區下沉，加強社區各項防控措施的落實，使所有社區成為疫情防控的堅強堡壘。
社區是城市管理的神經末梢，是最基本的管理單元，也是力量相對薄弱的地方。疫情發生以來，中國各地充分發揮社區在疫情防控中的阻擊作用，把防控力量沉到基層、落到實處。從入戶排查到重點人群監控，從疫情發現報告到病患及時收治，廣大社區構筑起疫情防控的人民防線；廣大黨員干部沖上一線，拿出戰時狀態的精氣神和行動力，靠前指揮、沖在一線，在緊張的戰斗中提高能力、錘煉作風；社區工作人員用腳步丈量民情民意，及時掌握在材料報表和辦公室里察覺不到的情況，通過發現問題、解決問題推動防控工作做實做細，與廣大群眾一起為奪取疫情防控最終勝利而不懈努力。
2. Empowering Communities to
Prevent and Control the Spread of the Coronavirus
When inspecting Beijing’s COVID-19 prevention on February 10, Xi Jinping stressed that the
community is the front line of joint prevention and control, and the most
effective line of defense to stop the coronavirus from entering and spreading
within a region. We can effectively cut off the route of spread if we hold firm
the line of defense at the communities. The communities need play their due
role, and they should also be empowered to apply various prevention and control
measures, so that every community will become a strong bastion defending
against the epidemic.
Communities are the nerve
endings of urban management. They are also where the administration is
relatively weak. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, communities across China
have been fully mobilized to conduct door-to-door screening, monitoring of
target groups, and detection of suspected cases for timely treatment. A large
number of Party members and officials have rushed to the front line and take on
resolute actions on a war footing. And this has helped improve their abilities
and conduct. Many community workers have visited the families in need to learn
about the true situation, which they will never find in report forms and their
offices, and in getting the problems solved they have promoted epidemic
prevention and control earnestly. And by working with the residents, they build
great synergy to win the final victory over the epidemic.
3．統籌疫情防控與經濟社會秩序恢復
2020年2月12日，習近平主持召開中共中央政治局常委會會議，強調要統籌疫情防控與經濟社會秩序恢復。會議指出，今年是全面建成小康社會和“十三五”規劃收官之年，各級黨委和政府要努力把新冠肺炎疫情影響降到最低，保持經濟平穩運行和社會和諧穩定，努力實現黨中央確定的各項目標任務；要加大宏觀政策調節力度，針對疫情帶來的影響，研究制定相應政策措施；要更好發揮積極的財政政策作用，加大資金投入，保障好各地疫情防控資金需要；要繼續研究出臺階段性、有針對性的減稅降費措施，緩解企業經營困難；要保持穩健的貨幣政策靈活適度，對防疫物資生產企業加大優惠利率信貸支持力度，對受疫情影響較大的地區、行業和企業完善差異化優惠金融服務；要以更大力度實施好就業優先政策，完善支持中小微企業的財稅、金融、社保等政策；要在確保做好防疫工作的前提下，分類指導，有序推動央企、國企等各類企業復工復產；要多措并舉做好高校畢業生等群體就業工作，確保就業大局穩定。
2020年2月23日，習近平在統籌推進新冠肺炎疫情防控和經濟社會發展工作部署會議的講話中強調，各級黨委和政府要堅定必勝信念，咬緊牙關，繼續毫不放松抓緊抓實抓細各項防控工作；要變壓力為動力、善于化危為機，有序恢復生產生活秩序，強化“六穩”舉措，加大政策調節力度，把國家發展的巨大潛力和強大動能充分釋放出來，努力實現今年經濟社會發展目標任務。
統籌推進疫情防控和經濟社會發展工作，關鍵是抓好中央決策部署的貫徹落實。疫情嚴重或高風險地區繼續集中精力抓好疫情防控工作，中風險地區依據防控形勢有序復工復產，低風險地區把防控策略調整到外防輸入上來，全面恢復生產生活秩序。
3. Coordinating Epidemic
Prevention and Control and Restoration of Economic and Social Order
While presiding over a
meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central
Committee on February 12, Xi Jinping called for coordinating epidemic
prevention and control and restoration of economic and social order. As China
will complete building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and
conclude its 13th Five-year Plan in 2020, Party committees and governments at
all levels must strive to minimize the impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic,
maintain smooth economic operation and social stability, and fulfill the goals
and tasks set by the CPC Central Committee. They need to do the following work:
* strengthening macro
policy regulation and formulating policies and measures to address epidemic
impacts;
* better leveraging a proactive
fiscal policy and increasing budgetary input to ensure the funding for epidemic
prevention and control in various localities;
* introducing phased and
targeted measures of tax cuts and fee reductions to alleviate the operational
difficulties of enterprises;
* maintaining a prudent
and flexible monetary policy, providing more credit aid with preferential
interest rates to enterprises producing anti-epidemic materials, and improving
differentiated preferential financial services for the areas, industries and
enterprises hard-hit by the epidemic;
* making greater efforts
to implement the employment priority policy, and improving the fiscal,
taxation, financial and social insurance policies that support small and
medium-sized enterprises;
* giving classified
guidance for the resumption of work and production of central and state-owned
enterprises and other businesses in an orderly manner on the premise of
ensuring all epidemic prevention work is done well; and
* taking multiple
measures to promote the employment of college graduates and other groups, and
ensure overall stability of employment.
On February 23, at the
meeting held to make overall arrangements in advancing prevention and control
of the COVID-19 epidemic and getting the economy and society back to normal, Xi
Jinping emphasized that Party committees and governments at all levels must
have confidence in victory, bite the bullet, and continue to implement
prevention and control measures without the slightest slackening. They need to
turn pressure into power and turn adversity into opportunities, and restore
production and livelihood of the people in an orderly manner. They should work
to maintain stability in employment, financial operations, foreign trade,
foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations, strengthen policy
regulation, fully release the great potential and strong momentum of the whole
nation, and strive to achieve the goals and tasks set for this year’s economic and social development.
To coordinate the
endeavors, the key lies in implementing the decisions and deployments made by
the CPC Central Committee. The regions hit hard by the epidemic or regions with
high risk of infection should continue to concentrate on epidemic prevention
and control; the medium-risk regions should resume work and production in an
orderly manner; and the low-risk regions should shift their focus to guard
against imported cases from outside, and fully restore local production and
livelihood of the people.
4．武漢保衛戰
2020年2月11日，習近平通過視頻連線聽取中央指導組、湖北指揮部匯報時作出部署，要求堅決打贏武漢保衛戰、湖北保衛戰。
武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國勝。一段時間內，疫情防控處于膠著對壘狀態，湖北和武漢疫情形勢仍然十分嚴峻。打贏武漢保衛戰，首先要清醒認識武漢疫情的特殊性，武漢是疫情初發地，不僅早發多發，而且比市外省外更為長久、更為嚴重；其次要清醒認識武漢疫情的不確定性，與輸入地相比，武漢感染者底數沒有完全摸清，蔓延擴散的規模也沒有較為精準的估計預測；再次要清醒認識武漢防控工作的薄弱點，疫情防控還存在確診難、收治難、隔離難、保障難等薄弱環節；此外，輿情應對較為被動、網絡輿情引導不到位、辟謠不及時，這些都影響了社會輿論環境。
4. The War to Defend Wuhan
Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a
video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to
resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
If Wuhan wins, Hubei
wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. For quite a long time to come,
epidemic prevention and control will remain a stalemate, and the epidemic
situation in Wuhan and Hubei is very grim. To defeat the virus and protect
Wuhan, people must first have a clear understanding of the particularity of the
epidemic in the city. Wuhan is where the outbreak first occurred and the city
has reported the most cases of infection, and the epidemic is predicted to last
longer here and cause more serious damages to Wuhan than other places. Second,
people need to have a clear understanding of the uncertainty of the epidemic in
Wuhan, as the city has no actual number of its infected people, and the scale of
spread is not predictable. Third, they need to have a clear understanding of
the weakness in Wuhan’s epidemic prevention and control, as there
are still difficulties in definite diagnosis, hospital admission, isolation and
daily life support. Besides, there are problems such as passive response to
public concerns, indolence in managing social media sentiment, and sluggishness
in refuting rumors, all of which have affected the social opinion environment.
5．湖北保衛戰
2020年2月11日，習近平通過視頻連線聽取中央指導組、湖北指揮部匯報時作出部署，要求堅決打贏武漢保衛戰、湖北保衛戰。
疫情防控，湖北和武漢是重中之重；打贏疫情防控阻擊戰，湖北和武漢是決勝之地。武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國勝。要打贏湖北保衛戰，疫情防控這張大網中絕不允許存在任何一個盲點和漏洞。湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指揮部多次要求，落實全面排查，狠抓源頭防控，充實收治力量，錨定“清零”目標。全省迅速作出響應，各地不斷充實力量，下沉街道、社區、農村，全面排查患者人數、醫院床位數等，盡最大努力加快疑似患者的檢測、隔離以及確診患者的收治、診療工作。
穩住了湖北和武漢疫情，就穩住了全國大局。為了更好完成對口支援任務，各省份精細籌備、精準施策、強化保障，一批批醫務人員和物資集結到一線，全力支持湖北各地市加強病人救治、疫情防控工作；數十家單位緊密配合，各地建設力量迅速匯聚，短時間內建好武漢火神山、雷神山醫院；軍隊保證醫療物資和人員有效投送，抽組大量醫護人員奔赴疫情防控最前線。力量向湖北集結，資源向湖北傾斜，凝聚起眾志成城抗擊疫情的強大力量。
5. The War to Defend Hubei
Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a
video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to
resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
Wuhan and Hubei are the
top priorities for epidemic prevention and control, and they are the decisive
places to win the war against the coronavirus. If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If
Hubei wins, the whole country wins. To secure a victory, no blind spot or
loophole shall be allowed in the large network of epidemic prevention and control.
Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters has reiterated the
importance of conducting thorough screening to stop the epidemic at its source,
and expanding the admission capacity to achieve the goal of “zero infection.” The whole province quickly
responded, dispatching a large number of workers to the communities and
villages to check the number of patients and hospital beds, and trying the
utmost to accelerate detection and isolation of suspected cases and admission
and treatment of confirmed cases.
The situation of the
whole country will become stabilized if the epidemic in Wuhan and Hubei is put
under control. To better render paired-up assistance, various provinces have
made meticulous preparations, worked out precise policies, sent medical workers
and materials to support every single city of Hubei province. Thanks to close
cooperation of dozens of units and combined efforts of construction forces from
across the country, the two hospitals – Huoshenshan
and Leishenshan – were built in a very short time. The
military also ensured effective delivery of medical supplies and personnel and
dispatched a large number of medical workers to the forefront. Together they
formed a great force in support of Hubei fighting the epidemic.
三、具體措施
III. Effective Measures
1．成立國務院聯防聯控工作機制科研攻關組
人類同疫病較量最有力的武器就是科學技術，戰勝大災大疫離不開科學發展和技術創新。習近平在考察科研攻關工作時指出，防控新冠肺炎疫情斗爭有兩條戰線，一條是疫情防控第一線，另一條就是科研和物資生產，兩條戰線要相互配合、并肩作戰。
2020年1月20日，按照中共中央國務院決策部署，科技部、國家衛生健康委、發展改革委、教育部、財政部、農業農村部、海關總署、國家林草局、中國科學院、國家藥監局、國家中醫藥局、中央軍委后勤保障部等部門和單位迅速響應，成立國務院聯防聯控工作機制科研攻關組（簡稱“科研攻關組”），并成立以鐘南山院士為組長、14位專家組成的科研攻關專家組，組織動員全國優勢科研力量開展攻關。
科研攻關組圍繞“可溯、可診、可治、可防”的防控需求，主要開展四方面工作：一是確定科研主攻方向，即臨床救治和藥物、疫苗研發、檢測技術和產品、病毒病原學和流行病學、動物模型構建等五大主攻方向；二是快速部署應急任務，啟動科技攻關應急專項，組織跨學科、跨領域的科研團隊，聯合地方省市、動員社會和企業力量開展科技攻關和應急研發；三是與醫療救治組建立協同機制，加快階段性研究成果在臨床救治方面的快速應用；四是加強規范管理和服務，通過印發政策文件、出臺指導意見等措施，確保科研攻關工作合法合規推進。
截至2月底，在中央決策部署下，全國科技界團結協作、爭分奪秒，先后啟動了四批共20個應急攻關項目，各主攻方向均取得階段性進展，為打贏疫情防控的人民戰爭、總體戰、阻擊戰提供強大科技支撐。
1. The Scientific Research and
Innovation Team Under the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State
Council
Science and
technology offers humanity the most powerful weapon to control disease, and
scientific development and technological innovation are indispensable in curing
diseases and fighting epidemics.
When inspecting
relevant scientific R&D programs, Xi Jinping pointed out that there are two
battle lines in the war against the coronavirus: epidemic prevention and
control, and scientific research and equipment production. He urged the workers
on these two battle lines to cooperate and fight side by side.
Following the decision
and deployment made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the
scientific research and innovation team under the Joint Prevention and Control
Mechanism of the State Council (“Scientific
Research and Innovation Team” for short) was
established on January 20, including members from the Ministry of Science and
Technology, the NHC, the National Development and Reform Commission, the
Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, the General Administration of Customs, the National Forestry and
Grassland Administration, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Medical
Products Administration, the National Administration of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission
and other government departments and agencies. China’s
COVID-19 Expert Team, headed by Academician Zhong Nanshan and composed of 14
experts, was also established to organize and lead scientific research
faculties across the country to tackle key problems.
In line with the
principle of “tracing the infection source, diagnosing the
disease, curing the patients, and blocking the virus,” the Scientific Research and Innovation Team has mainly carried out work in four
aspects: (1) to determine five major directions of scientific research – clinical treatment, drugs and vaccine research and development,
detection technology and products, viral etiology and epidemiology, and animal
model construction; (2) to deploy emergency tasks without delay, including
launching emergency projects for tackling key scientific and technological
problems, organizing cross-disciplinary and cross-domain research teams,
carrying out scientific research and emergency R&D by collaborating
with provincial and municipal government departments and enterprises; (3) to
establish a cooperation mechanism with the medical treatment team to accelerate
the application of phased research results in clinical treatment; and (4) to
enhance procedure-based management and services, and ensure that scientific
research follows the law and relevant regulations.
By the end of February,
scientists and researchers across the country had worked together against the
clock and started 20 emergency projects in four batches, and phased progress
had been made in all major scientific research directions, providing strong
support to the nation’s war on the epidemic.
2．應收盡收、應治盡治
控制源頭、切斷傳播途徑，是傳染病防控的治本之策。新冠肺炎疫情發生后，習近平多次作出重要指示，要求堅決做到應收盡收，全力做好救治工作，切實提高收治率和治愈率、降低感染率和病亡率。各省市相繼出臺措施，圍繞篩查、轉運、收治和治療四個環節全面加強收治工作。
2020年1月26日，武漢市要求所有醫院發熱門診24小時接診，其中確診和高度疑似新冠肺炎的患者，醫院必須“應收盡收”，統一收治。2月17日，湖北省武漢市等疫情重點地區開展集中拉網式大排查，對“四類人員”進行清底摸排。各地根據防控救治需要，通過優化暢通收治轉診通道、改造擴容定點醫院、增加醫療機構床位、優化診療方案等有效措施提高收治能力，取得積極效果。有關部門和機構開設線上求助通道，征集各地遇到就醫困難的患者信息，助力應收盡收、應治盡治。
堅決做到應收盡收、應治盡治，是徹底戰勝疫情的關鍵之舉，也是落實“集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治”要求的重要原則，為推動疫情防控形勢加速向好提供了堅實保障。
2. Admitting All Suspected and
Confirmed Cases for Treatment
Controlling the source and
cutting off the route of transmission are the fundamental measures for the
prevention and control of infectious diseases. After the outbreak of the
COVID-19 epidemic, Xi Jinping has given instructions on many occasions,
demanding all-out efforts to admit all suspected and confirmed cases for
treatment, raise the hospital admission rate and the recovery rate, and
lower the infection rate and the case fatality rate. Successively, various
provinces and cities have adopted measures to comprehensively strengthen
patients screening, transferring, hospital admission and treatment.
On
January 26, 2020, Wuhan demanded that fever clinics of all hospitals must
operate round the clock to admit all confirmed and highly suspected cases, and
put them together for treatment. On February 17, Wuhan and other regions in
Hubei that were severely hit by the epidemic launched massive dragnet screening
of potential virus carriers to get accurate information about the four groups
of people (confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients and close
contacts).
Various
localities have taken effective measures to raise the hospital admission and
treatment capability, such as optimizing patient transfer channel, rebuilding
and expanding designated hospitals, increasing beds in medical institutions,
and improving diagnosis and treatment plans. Effective results have been
accomplished. Relevant government departments and institutions have opened
online channels to collect information from patients who have difficulties in
seeking medical assistance, and help them get into hospitals for treatment as
soon as possible.
Admitting all suspected
and confirmed cases to hospital is key to thoroughly defeating the epidemic. It
echoes the guiding principle of “treating the
infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over
the country and with all necessary resources,” and has
provided a solid guarantee for creating positive effects in epidemic prevention
and control.
3．中西醫并用
在2020年1月25日召開的中共中央政治局常委會專題會議上，習近平強調，要不斷完善診療方案，堅持中西醫結合。
中醫和西醫是在不同社會文化背景下發展起來的兩種醫學體系，在應對疾病方面各有所長：西醫強于病毒鑒定、相關藥物和疫苗研制、危重患者生命支持等，而中醫則在調控機體、辯證施治、增強對疫病的抵抗力等方面擁有豐富獨到的經驗。“中西醫并用”療法曾在2003年抗擊非典期間取得良好效果。
在新冠肺炎疫情防控中，國家衛生健康委和國家中醫藥管理局于2月21日聯合發布《關于在新冠肺炎等傳染病防治工作中建立健全中西醫協作機制的通知》，要求各地建立健全中西醫協作機制，強化中西醫聯合會診制度，促進中醫藥深度介入診療的全過程。國家中醫藥管理局及時派出專家前往武漢指導中醫辨證治療，并總結臨床救治經驗，將優化調整后的中醫治療方案納入國家衛健委印發的診療方案。各地也積極組織中醫藥精銳力量馳援武漢。截至2月21日，國家中醫藥管理局和28個省（區、市）630多家中醫醫院共派出近3200名醫務人員支援湖北，全國中醫藥參與救治的確診病例已經超過6萬例，占比達85%，中西醫結合治療效果明顯。
中西醫優勢互補、相互促進，共同維護和增進民眾健康，這已經成為中國特色醫藥衛生和健康事業的重要特征和優勢。
3. Combined Use of TCM and
Western Medicine
Xi Jinping proposed
constant improvement of the diagnosis and treatment plans and combined use of
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine at the meeting of the
Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held on
January 25, 2020.
Traditional Chinese
medicine and Western medicine are two kinds of medical systems developed under
different social and cultural backgrounds, and each has its own advantages in
dealing with diseases. Western medicine is better in virus identification,
development of relevant drugs and vaccines, and providing life support for
critically ill patients. Traditional Chinese medicine has rich and unique
experiences in regulating the human body, dialectical therapy, and enhancing
resistance to epidemics and diseases. The practice of “combined use of TCM and Western medicine” had achieved good effects during China’s fight against
SARS in 2003.
The NHC and the National
Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NATCM) jointly issued a notice
on February 21, requiring all localities to establish a cooperation mechanism
of TCM and Western medicine, apply joint consultation by doctors practicing TCM
and Western medicine, and promote in-depth intervention of TCM in the whole
process of diagnosis and treatment.
The NATCM has dispatched
a group of experts to Wuhan to guide TCM treatment based on syndrome
differentiation. The experts also summed up the clinical experience and
incorporated the optimized TCM treatment plan into the guidelines on diagnosis
and treatment released by the NHC. Various localities have also organized elite
TCM forces to assist Wuhan.
By February 21, the NATCM
and more than 630 TCM hospitals in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the central government) had sent nearly 3,200
medical staff to support Hubei. More than 60,000 or 85% of the confirmed cases
had been treated by TCM nationwide, showing obvious therapeutic effects of
combined use of TCM and Western medicine.
By drawing strength from
each other and putting them into combined use, TCM and Western medicine are
able to jointly maintain public health. It is also one major feature and
prominent strength of China’s medical and health
system.
四、專有詞匯
IV. About COVID-19
1．新型冠狀病毒肺炎
2019年12月以來，湖北省武漢市陸續發現多例不明原因肺炎病例，經檢測結果顯示冠狀病毒核酸陽性，而后證實這是一種由新型動物源性病毒致發的疾病。2020年2月8日，國家衛生健康委將“新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎”暫命名為“新型冠狀病毒肺炎”，簡稱“新冠肺炎”。2月11日，世界衛生組織發布疫情報告，將此次由新型冠狀病毒引發的疾病正式命名為“COVID-19”。對于新冠肺炎，人群普遍缺乏免疫力，自我保護措施包括保持手部和呼吸道衛生、堅持安全飲食習慣、盡可能避免與任何表現出有呼吸道疾病癥狀的人密切接觸等。
1. COVID-19
In December 2019, several
cases of pneumonia of unknown cause were found in Wuhan, Hubei province.
Nucleic acid testing came back with positive results for the coronavirus, and
it was later confirmed that the disease was caused by a new type of zoonotic
virus. On February 8, 2020, the NHC temporarily named the disease “novel coronavirus pneumonia.” On February
11, the WHO released a situation report and officially named the disease caused
by the novel coronavirus as “COVID-19.”
There is no known
pre-existing immunity in humans, and self-protective measures include
maintaining hand and respiratory hygiene, adhering to safe eating habits, and
avoiding close contact with anyone who shows symptoms of respiratory diseases
as far as possible.
2．“三個首次”
2020年2月18日，國家衛生健康委發布報告稱，2月17日全國單日新增確診病例首次降至2000例以內，湖北省外單日新增確診病例首次降至100例以內，全國單日新增死亡病例首次降至100例以內，實現了“三個首次”，疫情形勢出現向好變化。
隨著全國各地防控措施逐步落實，疫情防控效果凸顯。2月18日，全國新增治愈出院人數超過新增確診人數，首次實現“出大于入”。同時，全國除湖北以外地區新增確診病例數連續15日下降，較高點降幅達94%。據國家衛生健康委統計，2月24日，全國23個省份及新疆生產建設兵團實現零新增確診病例。但“零增長”絕不意味著疫情“零風險”。在全國疫情拐點尚未到來的攻堅階段，容不得一絲松懈，需要繼續鞏固防控成果，抓好重癥病例的救治工作，最大程度防范輕癥轉重癥，提高治愈率。
2.“For the First Time” in Three
Aspects
On February 18, the NHC
released a report announcing “for the first time” in three aspects: On February 17, the number of newly confirmed
cases across the country for the first time dropped to below 2,000 in a single
day, the number of newly confirmed cases outside Hubei province for the first
time dropped to below 100 in a single day, and the number of new deaths in the
whole country for the first time dropped to below 100 in a single day. These
indicated that the whole situation was getting better.
On February 18, the
number of newly cured and discharged patients across the country exceeded that
of newly confirmed cases, marking a fourth “for the first
time.” The number of newly confirmed cases in other
areas except Hubei had kept decreasing for 15 days in a row, with a staggering
94% drop from the peak.
According to the
NHC, there was none newly confirmed case in 23 provinces (autonomous regions
and municipalities directly under the central government) and the Xinjiang
Production and Construction Corps on February 24. Nevertheless, “zero increase” does not mean “zero risk.” In the critical stage when the
national epidemic inflection point has not yet arrived, there is no room for a
trace of slackness. The whole country need to consolidate the progress, ensure
effective treatment of severe cases, exert every effort to prevent
deterioration from mild to severe cases, and improve the recovery rate.
3．《中國—世界衛生組織新型冠狀病毒肺炎聯合考察報告》
為了迅速就中國及國際社會如何進一步應對新冠肺炎疫情提供信息，并為尚未受疫情影響的國家和地區如何做好應對準備提出意見，來自8個國家和世衛組織的25名中外專家，在中國進行了為期9天的調研，形成《中國—世界衛生組織新型冠狀病毒肺炎聯合考察報告》。報告于2020年2月29日由中國國家衛生健康委正式發布。
報告主要包括考察組、主要發現、評估和主要建議等四個方面內容。報告指出，新冠肺炎病毒是一種動物源性病毒，在無防護下通過飛沫和密切接觸傳播，人群普遍缺乏免疫力。報告高度評價中國在疫情防控方面所做的工作，充分肯定中國政府采取的歷史上最勇敢、最靈活、最積極的防控措施，認為這些措施有效遏制了病原體的迅速蔓延，改變了疫情快速擴散流行的危險進程，為全球應對新冠肺炎提供了重要經驗。報告建議，尚未受疫情影響的國家應做好隨時啟動最高級別應急響應機制的準備，加強對新冠肺炎的檢測，采取更加嚴格的防控措施等。報告強調，國際社會應充分認識到各國之間真正的團結與合作對于解決新冠肺炎的共同威脅至關重要。
3. Report of the WHO-China Joint
Mission on COVID-19
To
provide timely information on how China and the international community should
further respond to the COVID-19 epidemic, and to offer proposals on how
countries and regions that have not yet been affected by the epidemic should
prepare, 25 Chinese and foreign experts from eight countries and the WHO
conducted a nine-day mission in China and finished the Report of the WHO-China Joint
Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which
was officially released by the NHC on February 29, 2020.
The report consists
of four parts: the joint mission itself, major findings, assessment, and major
recommendations. It points out that COVID-19 is a zoonotic virus that is transmitted
via droplets and fomites during close unprotected contact between an infector
and infectee, and there is no known pre-existing immunity in humans.
The report speaks
highly of China’s efforts in epidemic prevention and control,
fully affirms that China has rolled out perhaps the most ambitious, agile and
aggressive disease containment effort in history. It holds that China’s bold approach has contained the rapid spread of the pathogen,
changed the course of a rapidly escalating and deadly epidemic, and provided
vital lessons for the global response to the COVID-19 epidemic.
The report recommends
that countries that have not yet been affected to get prepared to immediately
activate the highest level of emergency response mechanisms, immediately
enhance surveillance for COVID-19, and enforce rigorous application of
infection prevention and control measures. The report also stresses that the
international community should recognize that true solidarity and collaboration
is essential between nations to tackle the common threat that COVID-19
represents.
五、國際援助
V. International Aid
1．普京：第一時間表示愿意援助中國
新冠肺炎疫情發生后，俄羅斯總統普京第一時間向習近平發來慰問電，表示俄羅斯全力支持中方抗擊疫情，愿提供必要的醫療物資援助，派遣防疫專家代表團赴華，開展聯合研制疫苗和抗疫藥物等合作。普京還在不同場合多次公開表示對中國的堅定支持。2月5日，俄羅斯派遣醫療防疫專家團抵達武漢，這是首個來華開展疫情防治合作的外國專家團。2月9日，俄羅斯援助的超23噸醫療物資由專機運抵武漢，其中有包括超過200萬只口罩在內的大量醫用防護用品。俄羅斯外交部發言人扎哈羅娃在新聞發布會上專門用中文聲援中國抗擊疫情：“在這個艱難的時刻，俄羅斯與中國同在，俄羅斯對中國人民表示誠摯支持，并祝愿中國人民取得最終勝利”。
俄羅斯多次捐助醫療物資，派遣防疫專家代表團來華，各界民眾自發錄制視頻為中國加油，都充分體現了中俄新時代全面戰略協作伙伴關系的高水平和兩國患難與共、守望相助的深厚情誼。中俄以最快的速度合作抵御共同威脅，顯示出兩國秉持人類命運共同體理念，深度參與全球公共衛生治理，攜手為世界公共衛生事業貢獻力量的大國擔當。
1. Vladimir Putin: Expressing
Willingness to Help China at the First Time
After the outbreak
of the COVID-19 epidemic, Russian President Vladimir Putin immediately sent a
message of sympathy to Xi Jinping, saying that Russia fully supports China in
fighting the epidemic, and is willing to provide necessary medical material
assistance. Under his command, Russia sent a delegation of epidemic prevention
experts to China to carry out cooperation in the joint development of vaccines
and anti-epidemic drugs. Putin has also publicly expressed his firm support for
China on many occasions.
On February 5, a
Russian medical and epidemic prevention expert team arrived in Wuhan, which was
the first foreign expert team to China to carry out epidemic prevention and
control cooperation. On February 9, more than 23 tons of medical supplies from
Russia arrived in Wuhan by a cargo aircraft, including more than 2 million
facemasks and a large number of medical protective equipment.
At a news
conference, Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova expressed, in
Chinese language, her solidarity with China in fighting the epidemic. “Russia stands with China during this difficult time. We are also
sending our sincere support to the people of China and wish them final victory
in this fight,” she said.
Russia has repeatedly
donated medical supplies, and sent delegations of epidemic prevention experts
to China, and Russian people from all walks of life have spontaneously recorded
videos to root for China. All these have fully reflected the high level of the
China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination in the new era
as well as the profound friendship between the two countries who help each
other at difficult times.
China and Russia
cooperate at the fastest speed to resist common threats, which shows that the
two countries uphold the concept of a global community of shared future, deeply
participate in global public health governance, and have shouldered the
responsibility of major countries by joining hands to contribute to the world
public health cause.
2．美國工商界：200萬只口罩送到武漢
當地時間2月13日，美中貿易全國委員會、美中關系全國委員會以及喬治·布什美中關系基金會組織了一批包括200萬只口罩在內的急需醫療物資運往武漢，以幫助中國抗擊新冠肺炎疫情。由于需求量大增，美國的口罩供應也十分緊俏，喬治·布什美中關系基金會通過其專門建立的美中新冠病毒行動關系網(US-China CAN)確定了來自墨西哥的穩定供貨源。美中貿易全國委員會主席、美中關系全國委員會副主席埃文·格林伯格表示，在這個關鍵的時刻，美國工商界堅定地與中國人民站在一起。這次捐助只是眾多美國企業支援中國抗擊疫情的一個例子，美中貿易全國委員會會長克雷格·艾倫表示，這是我們為人類共同利益作出人道主義奉獻的時候，我們尤其希望向勇敢的中國醫務工作者提供幫助并致以敬意。
疫情發生后，美中貿易委員會在其官網上推出了“抗擊新冠病毒”的企業捐贈指引專頁，為美國及在中國的會員企業通過捐款、支援醫療設備等方式支援中國抗擊疫情提供便利。誠如美中關系全國委員會會長史蒂夫·歐倫斯所言，自1972年接待中國乒乓球隊至今，美中關系全國委員會一直致力于加深兩國人民之間的聯系，在這次疫情中，我們很欣慰可以延續這一偉大傳統，協助向中國人民提供急需的醫療物資。
2. American Business Circles:
Sending 2 Million Facemasks to Wuhan
On February 13 (local
time), the US-China Business Council, the National Committee on US-China
Relations, and the George H. W. Bush Foundation for US-China Relations gathered
a batch of urgently needed medical supplies including 2 million facemasks and
had them delivered to Wuhan to help China fight the COVID-19 epidemic. Facing
the huge increase in demand and the tight supply of facemasks in the US, the
Bush China Foundation was able to find a stable supply from Mexico through its
specially established US-China Coronavirus Action Network.
Evan Greenberg, chair of
the US-China Business Council and vice-chair of the National Committee on
US-China Relations, said that at this critical moment, the US business
community firmly stands side by side with the Chinese people. This donation is
just one example of many US companies supporting China in the fight against the
epidemic. Craig Allen, president of the US-China Business Council, said that
this is a time to make humanitarian contributions to the common interests of
mankind, and in particular, they would like to provide help and show respect to
the brave Chinese medical workers.
After the outbreak of the
epidemic, the US-China Business Council set up a special column named “Coronavirus Information Center” on its
website to facilitate member enterprises in the US and those in China to
provide support by making donations and offering medical equipment. As Stephen
A. Orlins, president of the National Committee on US-China Relations, has said,
since hosting the Chinese Table Tennis Team in 1972, the National Committee has
been committed to deepening ties between the people of the two countries, and
it is pleased to be able to continue this great tradition and help provide
much-needed medical supplies to the Chinese people.
3．蒙古：3萬只羊送前線
2月27日，習近平主席在人民大會堂同蒙古國總統哈勒特馬·巴特圖勒嘎會談。習近平指出，總統先生作為疫情發生后首位訪華的外國元首，專程來中國表達慰問和支持，充分體現了總統先生和蒙方對中蒙關系的高度重視和對中國人民的深厚情誼，是中蒙兩個鄰國守望相助、同舟共濟的生動詮釋。會談結束后，巴特圖勒嘎向習近平遞交了蒙方向中方贈送3萬只羊的證書。
中蒙是山水相連的友好鄰邦，也是全面戰略伙伴。新冠肺炎疫情發生后，蒙古國政府在第一時間向中國提供了約140萬元人民幣的資金支持，這是該國近年來最大的一筆對外現金援助。蒙古國首都烏蘭巴托市政府，也提供了約40萬元人民幣的捐助。蒙方發起“永久鄰邦、暖心支持”行動，號召全體公務員和社會各界人士為支持中方抗擊疫情募捐，得到了蒙古國社會各界的積極響應，有許多人自愿捐出工資，希望幫助中國人民戰勝困難。3月2日，蒙古國紅十字會向中國捐贈2萬只口罩，從二連口岸公路運送入境。
草原上有句古老的諺語：災荒之年能給你送肉吃的不一定是富人，但肯定是安達（朋友）！蒙方在此前已向中方提供捐款的基礎上，再次向中方贈送3萬只羊，這份蒙古國人民的心意令人備受感動。
3. Mongolia: 30,000 Sheep to
China
On February 27,
President Xi Jinping held talks with Mongolian President Khaltmaagiin Battulga
at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Xi pointed out that as the first
head of state to visit China after the COVID-19 outbreak, the Mongolian
President has made a special trip to China to express his sympathy and support,
which fully reflects the great importance that the president himself and the
Mongolian government attach to Sino-Mongolian relations as well as their
profound friendship toward the Chinese people. Xi said it is a vivid
interpretation of the two neighboring countries helping each other in
difficulties and working together as responsible partners. After their talk,
Battulga presented to Xi Jinping the certificate of Mongolia’s gift of 30,000 sheep.
China and Mongolia
are friendly neighbors linked by mountains and rivers, as well as comprehensive
strategic partners. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the Mongolian
government immediately donated about 1.4 million yuan to China, which was the
country’s largest foreign aid in cash in recent years.
The Municipal Government of Ulaanbaatar City, capital of Mongolia, also
provided a donation of about 400,000 yuan.
Mongolia launched a
campaign named “permanent neighbor and warm support,” and called for all civil servants and people from all walks of life
to raise money to support China in the fight against the epidemic. The campaign
received a positive response in Mongolia and many people voluntarily donated
their wages to help the Chinese people overcome difficulties. On March 2, the
Mongolian Red Cross Society donated another 20,000 facemasks and sent them to
China via the Erenhot port.
As an old proverb on the
prairie goes, “It is not necessarily the rich who give you
meat in the year of famine, but it must be a friend!” In addition to previous donations, the Mongolian people have impressed the
Chinese people with their good wishes with 30,000 sheep.
4．泰國：免除因疫情滯留在泰的中國公民的罰款
中泰兩國山川相連、血緣相親、文化相通，泰國是中國人出國旅游的首選目的地之一。新冠肺炎疫情發生后，泰國從王室、政府到社會各界紛紛向中國伸出援手，表現出中泰人民之間特殊的真摯情誼。泰國總理巴育還專門錄制視頻，為中國特別是武漢打氣加油。在部分國家暫停與中國往來航班、限制外國游客入境的情況下，泰國尊重世衛組織的建議，采取了適度合理的應對措施。泰國移民局宣布，自2月9日起，對所有持旅游簽證或旅游落地簽證入境，因新冠肺炎疫情影響而滯留在泰的中國公民免除滯留罰款，具體手續在離境時直接辦理。
由于疫情發生之時正值泰國旅游旺季，泰國政府、媒體等高度關注疫情發展。泰國主流媒體MCOT 旗下的多個平臺每天發布中國抗擊疫情的相關消息，泰國歷史最悠久的泰文報紙《沙炎叻日報》總編輯表示，泰國讀者對中國抗擊疫情感到欽佩。
中泰一家親，患難見真情。泰國作為中國的友好鄰邦、全面戰略合作伙伴，對中國抗擊疫情給予了大力支持和真誠幫助，其中所傳達的信息不只是出于經貿往來的禮貌和聲援，還有進一步升華的傳統友誼和更加密切的中泰人民交往。
4. Thailand: Waiving Fines for
Chinese Citizens Stranded in Thailand Due to the Epidemic
China and Thailand
are geographically close, with a strong bond that links the two peoples and
cultures, and Thailand is one of the preferred destinations for Chinese people
to travel abroad. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Thailand,
including the Royal Family, the government and all sectors of society, have
extended a helping hand to China, showing the special sincere friendship
between the Chinese and Thai people. Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha
specially recorded a video to root for China and especially Wuhan.
While some countries have
suspended flights to and from China and restricted the entry of foreign
tourists, Thailand has adopted the suggestion of the WHO and taken moderate and
reasonable measures in response to the epidemic. The Thai Immigration Bureau
announced that from February 9, all Chinese citizens holding tourist visas or
tourist visas on arrival who are stranded in Thailand due to the COVID-19
epidemic will be exempted from the fine for detention, and the specific
formalities will be handled directly when they leave the country.
As
the epidemic has occurred during the peak season in Thailand, the Thai
government and media have been paying close attention to the development of the
epidemic. Several platforms owned by Thailand’s
mainstream media MCOT publish news about China’s fight against the epidemic every day, and the editor-in-chief
of Siam Rath, the oldest Thai newspaper in
the country, said that Thai readers admire China’s fight
against the epidemic.
A friend in need is a
friend indeed. As a comprehensive strategic partner of China, Thailand has
given strong support and sincere assistance to China in fighting the epidemic.
The message is not just out of politeness and solidarity in economic and trade exchanges,
but more from the further sublimation of traditional friendship and closer
exchanges between the Chinese and Thai people.
5．伊朗：第一個就疫情暴發向中國給予慰問的國家
新冠肺炎疫情發生時，中國收到的第一份慰問來自伊朗——扎里夫外長是全球第一個公開聲援中國的外長，并且他還多次用中文在社交媒體上發文表達對中國抗擊疫情的支持。從政府到民間，伊朗各界紛紛表達對中國抗疫的支持：伊朗文旅部舉辦“為中國加油”萬人簽名活動；德黑蘭自由塔舉行支持中國燈光秀活動；許多伊朗官員和友好人士公開發聲，表示堅定同中國人民站在一起，并向中國提供醫療物資援助；伊朗紅新月會援助100萬只口罩送往北京；一位在華伊朗咖啡師主動放棄乘包機回國的機會，與中國同事一起為抗疫一線醫護人員免費制作、配送咖啡。
進入2月下旬，伊朗新冠肺炎疫情嚴峻。中國駐伊大使館和在伊中資企業向伊方緊急捐贈了25萬只口罩和5000人份新冠病毒核酸檢測試劑盒；中國紅十字會派出志愿專家團隊一行5人，攜帶部分中方援助的醫療物資支援伊朗。中方表示，將根據伊方需要，在疫情防控、醫療救治等方面開展合作，并繼續提供力所能及的幫助。
正如那句古老的波斯諺語所言，“人心之間，有路相通”。中伊兩國是全面戰略伙伴，總是在彼此困難的時候相互支持幫助，堅定地站在一起。兩國在共同抗擊疫情過程中，以實際行動詮釋了患難與共、同舟共濟的內涵，展現了兩國人民的深厚情誼。
5. Iran: The First Country to
Offer Sympathy to China on the Outbreak of the Epidemic
After the outbreak of the
COVID-19 epidemic, the first sympathy that China received was from Iran. The
country’s Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif was
the first foreign minister in the world to publicly support China, and he
repeatedly posted on social media to express, in Chinese language, his support
for China’s fight against the epidemic.
From the government to
the people, all walks of life in Iran have expressed their support for China.
The Iranian Ministry of Culture and Tourism held a signature campaign to root
for China. The Azadi Tower held a special lighting show. Many officials and
friendly Iranians made public statements that they stand side by side with the
Chinese people and offered medical materials. The Iranian Red Crescent Society
donated 1 million facemasks to Beijing. An Iranian barista working in China
voluntarily gave up the opportunity to return home by charter flight, and
worked with his Chinese colleagues to make and dispatch free coffee to
frontline medical workers.
In late February, the epidemic
situation of COVID-19 in Iran became serious. The Chinese Embassy in Iran and
China-invested enterprises in the country urgently donated 250,000 masks and
5,000 sets of novel coronavirus nucleic acid testing kits. The Red Cross
Society of China sent a team of five volunteer experts along with
Chinese-assisted medical supplies to Iran. The Chinese side said that it will
carry out collaborations in epidemic prevention and control, medical treatment
and other areas as needed by the Irani side, and will continue to provide
assistance within its capabilities.
As an old Persian proverb
goes, “There is a road between the hearts of people.” China and Iran are comprehensive strategic partners who always
support and help each other in times of difficulties and stand firmly together.
In the process of jointly fighting the epidemic, China and Iran have
interpreted the connotation of responsible partners who work side by side to
tide over the difficult period, and demonstrated the profound friendship
between the people of the two countries.
6．加拿大：接二連三的捐助
新冠肺炎疫情發生后，加拿大對中國進行了接二連三的捐助，累計提供了近16噸的醫用防護設備，包括衣物、口罩、護目鏡和手套等。加拿大總理特魯多公開表示，這是一個艱難且不確定的時期，作為國際社會成員，大家必須繼續攜手合作，加方愿意繼續向中方提供相關援助。當地時間2月11日，加拿大衛生部長宣布，已通過世衛組織再次向中國提供200萬加元（約合人民幣1048萬元）的援助。加政府官員還多次明確表示，加拿大政府和人民將在這場戰斗中同中國人民堅定地站在一起，繼續向中方提供一切必要的援助。中國抗疫期間，加方始終沒有停止同中方的正常往來，也反對任何歧視性的作法。加拿大駐華大使鮑達民在加國會應詢時表示，中國為阻擊疫情采取了“令人難以置信”的措施，對一座超過1100萬人口的城市進行“封城”，以保護我們所有人免受感染，這是非常有意義的舉措。
加拿大接二連三的援助及政府官員的一系列表態，體現了加方秉持的理性、冷靜和科學態度，也反映出中國采取的實實在在的行動贏得了加方的認同與贊賞。
6. Canada: Making Repeated
Donations to China
After the outbreak of the
COVID-19 epidemic, Canada made repeated donations to China, providing nearly 16
tons of medical protective equipment in total, including clothing, masks,
goggles and gloves. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau publicly said, “It is a difficult and uncertain time for them and for everyone
around the world, but as an international community we do have to continue to
work together and we’re there to help.”
On February 11
(local time), the Canadian Minister of Health announced that Canada had
provided another 2 million Canadian dollars (around 10.48 million yuan) of
assistance to China through the WHO. Government officials also made it clear on
many occasions that the Canadian government and the Canadian people will stand
firmly with the Chinese people in this battle and continue to provide all
necessary assistance.
During China’s battle against the epidemic, Canada has never stopped its normal
exchanges with China and opposes any discriminatory practices. In response to an
inquiry from the Parliament, Canadian Ambassador to China Dominic Barton said
that China has taken “incredible” measures to combat the epidemic by “locking
down” a city of more than 11 million people to protect
others from infection, which was a very meaningful move.
The repeated Canadian aid
and a series of statements made by government officials reflect Canada’s rational, calm, and scientific attitude, and also reflect that the
concrete actions taken by China have won the recognition and appreciation of
Canada.
六、人物案例
VI. Brave Fighters
1．喬冰和劉光耀：95后護士情侶共赴武漢抗疫
喬冰和劉光耀均為河南省直第三人民醫院急重癥醫學科的護士，是一對95后情侶。2020年1月26日，醫院發出支援武漢征集令，二人推遲訂婚，攜手報名共赴武漢。
2月2日，由122名醫護人員組成的河南省第二批支援湖北應對疫情醫療隊出發。出發前兩人擁抱鼓勁，劉光耀對喬冰許下諾言：“回來后，我娶你”。
到達武漢后，雖然兩人在同一個病區，但是見面機會很少，有時是領飯時的幾分鐘，有時僅僅是交接班時在電梯口的擦肩而過。劉光耀說，乘坐大巴去醫院的短短幾十分鐘路程，是他特別喜歡的一段時間，因為可以和喬冰在一起。
2月9日，在本該訂婚的這一天，劉光耀決定履行承諾。他寫下一封告白書，用回形針做了一個臨時戒指，單膝跪地向喬冰求婚：“今天本來應該是我們訂婚的日子，但是我們在武漢。盡管沒有鮮花，沒有鉆戒，但有你有我，有我對你的愛。在這個特殊的環境里，在這個特殊的日子里，可以嫁給我嗎？”喬冰眼含熱淚接受了劉光耀的求婚。
1. Qiao Bing and Liu Guangyao:
A Young Couple of Nurses Heading for Wuhan Together
Qiao Bing and Liu
Guangyao are a young couple, both being nurses of the Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province. On January 26, 2020, after their
hospital called for medical workers to support Wuhan, they decided to postpone
their engagement ceremony and both signed up for the aid mission to Wuhan.
Henan province’s second team comprising of 122 medical workers set off for Wuhan on
February 2. The couple hugged to encourage each other before their departure. “I will marry you when we return from Wuhan,” Liu swore to Qiao.
In Wuhan, they
worked in the same ward but seldom saw each other. They might meet when getting
meals, or at the elevator door when changing shifts. Liu said he enjoyed the
short ride to the hospital very much, because that was when he could be with
Qiao Bing for a while on the bus.
On February 9,
their planned day of engagement, Liu decided to fulfill his promise. He wrote a
letter, made a ring out of a clip, and kneeled down before the girl, “Today is supposed to be our engagement day, but we are now in Wuhan.
We have no flower and no ring, but we have each other and my love. Will you
marry me, under this special circumstance and on this special day?” Qiao nodded with tears in her eyes.
2．彭銀華：一封永遠無法寄出的婚禮請柬
彭銀華，武漢市江夏區第一人民醫院、協和江南醫院呼吸與危重癥醫學科醫生。在抗擊疫情一線不幸感染新冠肺炎，因病情惡化，經搶救無效，于2020年2月20日在武漢市金銀潭醫院去世，年僅29歲。他辦公桌的抽屜里，還留著沒有來得及發出去的婚禮請柬。
2020年1月21日，江夏區第一人民醫院成立了第二批新冠肺炎隔離病房，當天130張床位全部收滿。彭銀華與愛人商量，推遲原定于2月1日舉行的婚禮，主動請纓上一線。“出現疫情后，他連著上了兩天兩夜48小時的門診，他想著科室人手不夠，能夠幫同事分擔一點，因為除了科室主任之外，他是唯一的男醫生。”彭銀華的妻子回憶道。
1月25日，因感染新冠肺炎，彭銀華在江夏區第一人民醫院接受治療。1月30日因病情加重，他被緊急送往武漢市金銀潭醫院。2月20日離世時，他的愛人懷孕6個月。
2. Peng Yinhua: The Doctor Who
Never Had the Chance to Send His Wedding Invitations
Peng Yinhua was a doctor
of respiration and critical care medicine at the First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District in Wuhan. He was infected with
COVID-19 while working on the front line. Despite all-out efforts to save him,
Peng died on February 20, 2020 at the age of 29 after his condition got worse.
Peng never had the chance to send his wedding invitations, which remained in
his office drawer.
On January 21, Peng’s hospital set up the second batch of isolation wards for COVID-19
patients, and all the 130 new beds were soon occupied on the very day. Peng and
his wife agreed to postpone their wedding ceremony originally planned on
February 1, as he had volunteered to work on the front line. “After the epidemic broke out, he worked for 48 hours continuously at
the outpatient clinic. As his unit was short of hands and he was the only male
doctor besides the unit’s chief, he offered to share
the workload of his colleagues,” recalled his wife.
On January 25, Peng was
hospitalized for COVID-19 infection. On January 30, he was transferred to Wuhan
Jinyintan Hospital for emergency treatment as his condition worsened. He died
on February 20, leaving behind his wife who was six-month pregnant.
3．夏思思：29歲女醫生感染新冠肺炎殉職
夏思思，武漢市協和江北醫院消化內科最年輕的醫生。她在抗疫一線不幸感染新冠肺炎，經救治無效，于2020年2月23日清晨殉職，年僅29歲。
2020年1月14日晚23時許，夏思思值夜班時接診了一位76歲的病人。她為這位病人做完相關檢查后便下班回家。回家路上接到通知，該病人的檢查結果顯示為疑似新冠肺炎，且病情較重，她立刻返回醫院參與救治。隨后幾天，夏思思擔心老人病情，就主動要求留在病房。
1月19日，夏思思突發高燒至39度，經檢查高度疑似感染新冠肺炎，不得不在協和江北醫院接受隔離治療。“剛開始病情比較平穩，我們還商量，等她好了，我倆一起上一線。”夏思思的丈夫，武漢市普愛醫院骨科醫生吳磊說。然而，自2月7日起，夏思思病情突然加重，呼吸、心跳驟停，醫院雖連夜組織搶救，但她卻一直處于昏迷狀態，直至2月23日清晨離世。
夏思思接診的那位新冠肺炎患者后來轉到定點醫院接受治療，現已痊愈。
3. Xia Sisi: The 29-Year-Old
Doctor Who Died of COVID-19
Xia Sisi was the youngest
gastroenterology physician at the Union Jiangbei Hospital of Wuhan. She became
infected with COVID-19 while working at the hospital, and died on the morning
of February 23, 2020, at the age of 29.
At 11:00 p.m. on January
14, Xia Sisi received a 76-year-old patient on her night shift. She knocked off
after completing checks for the patient. On the way home, she was told that the
checks showed the patient was a suspected COVDI-19 case and was in severe
condition. She immediately returned to the hospital to join the treatment. In
the following days, worrying about the senior patient’s condition, she volunteered to stay at the ward.
On January 19, Xia had a
sudden fever with her temperature rising to 39 degrees Celsius. She was highly
suspected of being infected with COVID-19 after checks, and had to be treated
in isolation in her hospital. “At first, her situation
was stable,” said Xia’s husband
Wu Lei, an orthopedist at Wuhan Puai Hospital. “We
agreed that we would join the front line after she recovered.” However, Xia’s situation deteriorated on
February 7 as her breathing and heartbeat stopped suddenly. The hospital went
all out to save her, but Xia remained in a coma until she died on the morning
of February 23.
The COVID-19 patient Xia
received was later transferred to a designated hospital for treatment and soon
recovered.
4．巴哈古麗：方艙醫院的領舞者
巴哈古麗·托勒恒，是新疆維吾爾自治區第二批支援湖北醫療隊武漢市方艙醫院（武漢客廳）C區副領隊。新冠肺炎疫情發生以來，新疆向湖北派出三批醫療隊，第二批醫療隊共100名醫護人員和2名行政人員，巴哈古麗是其中一位行政人員。按照要求，她主要負責后勤工作，無需進艙。
2月12日，巴哈古麗得知一些患者心情不好，就主動進艙為患者跳新疆舞加油打氣。她跳起了一段新疆哈薩克族民間舞蹈“黑走馬”，引起患者們熱情歡呼。這段視頻被發布在國內社交平臺上，當天即達到1.1億閱讀量和3.4萬討論量。此后，每當她走進方艙醫院，患者們都會對這位雖已熟悉曼妙舞姿，卻始終不知道長相的姑娘自發地歡呼“新疆的古麗來了！”巴哈古麗在接受采訪時說，“我希望用舞蹈的方式調節一下他們的情緒，緩解一下他們的焦慮，讓他們以樂觀的心態面對治療。”
4. Bahargul Toleheng: The
Dancer in the Temporary Treatment Center
Bahargul Toleheng went
with the second medical team from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to Hubei.
She worked as deputy head of Division C of a temporary treatment center in the
Wuhan Parlor. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Xinjiang has sent three
medical teams to Hubei, and the second team had 100 medical workers. As one of
the two executive staff, she was responsible for logistics, which meant that
she did not need to work inside the temporary treatment center.
On February 12, as she
learned that some patients were feeling down in the dumps, Bahargul volunteered
to dance in the treatment center as a way to cheer them up. She performed a
traditional Kazak dance and received a rousing ovation from the patients. After
her dancing video was posted on the Chinese social media, it quickly garnered
110 million views and 34,000 discussions.
Afterward, whenever she went into the treatment center, the patients would spontaneously chant, “The lady from Xinjiang!” They had never seen her face as she wore a protective suit, but they knew well of her beautiful dance gestures. “I hope my dance can help regulate their emotions, calm their nerves, and keep them positive about the treatment,” she said in an interview.
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