（七）堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，著力保障和改善民生，人民群眾獲得感不斷增強。在財力緊張情況下，持續加大民生投入。全面推進精準扶貧、精準脫貧，健全中央統籌、省負總責、市縣抓落實的工作機制，中央財政五年投入專項扶貧資金2800多億元。實施積極的就業政策，重點群體就業得到較好保障。堅持教育優先發展，財政性教育經費占國內生產總值比例持續超過4%。改善農村義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，提高鄉村教師待遇，營養改善計劃惠及3600多萬農村學生。啟動世界一流大學和一流學科建設。重點高校專項招收農村和貧困地區學生人數由1萬人增加到10萬人。加大對各類學校家庭困難學生資助力度，4.3億人次受益。勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限提高到10.5年。居民基本醫保人均財政補助標準由240元提高到450元，大病保險制度基本建立、已有1700多萬人次受益，異地就醫住院費用實現直接結算，分級診療和醫聯體建設加快推進。持續合理提高退休人員基本養老金。提高低保、優撫等標準，完善社會救助制度，近6000萬低保人員和特困群眾基本生活得到保障。建立困難和重度殘疾人“兩項補貼”制度，惠及2100多萬人。實施全面兩孩政策。加快發展文化事業，文化產業年均增長13%以上。全民健身廣泛開展，體育健兒勇創佳績。
Seventh, with a commitment to a people-centered development philosophy, we have endeavored to ensure and improve living standards and seen the growing satisfaction of the people.
Despite fiscal constraints, we have consistently increased spending on improving people’s living standards. We have made comprehensive moves in targeted poverty reduction and alleviation, and built a robust working mechanism with central government responsible for overall planning, provincial-level governments assuming overall responsibility, and city and county governments responsible for program implementation. Over the past five years, the central government has appropriated over 280 billion yuan to fund poverty reduction.
We have implemented a proactive employment policy and ensured that key target groups have better access to employment.
We have been committed to prioritizing the development of education; and government spending on education has remained above four percent of GDP. In rural areas, we have improved conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education, and increased the pay packages of teachers, and our Better Nutrition Plan has benefited more than 36 million students. We have launched an initiative to build world-class universities and world-class disciplines. The number of students from rural and poor areas enrolled in key universities through special programs has grown from 10,000 to 100,000. We have increased financial aid to students from financially-challenged families studying in all types of schools, giving out 430 million grants in total. The average length of schooling of the working-age population has been raised to 10.5 years.
Government subsidies for basic medical insurance schemes have been increased from 240 to 450 yuan per person; the serious disease insurance system is basically in place, and has already benefited more than 17 million people; the costs of hospitalization can now be settled where incurred; and the development of tiered medical diagnosis and treatment and healthcare consortiums has picked up pace.
We have consistently made appropriate increases to basic old-age pensions for retirees. We have raised subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and other allowances, and improved the social assistance system, ensuring the livelihoods of close to 60 million people on subsistence allowances or living in extreme poverty. We have put in place a system to provide living allowances for people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing care subsidies for people with serious disabilities, a system that has benefited over 21 million people. All couples can now have two children.
We have moved faster to develop cultural programs, and seen the cultural industry grow at an average annual rate of over 13 percent. We have carried out Fitness-for-All programs, which are now in full swing; and Chinese athletes have excelled in competition.
（八）堅持人與自然和諧發展，著力治理環境污染，生態文明建設取得明顯成效。樹立綠水青山就是金山銀山理念，以前所未有的決心和力度加強生態環境保護。重拳整治大氣污染，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度下降30%以上。加強散煤治理，推進重點行業節能減排，71%的煤電機組實現超低排放。優化能源結構，煤炭消費比重下降8.1個百分點，清潔能源消費比重提高6.3個百分點。提高燃油品質，淘汰黃標車和老舊車2000多萬輛。加強重點流域海域水污染防治，化肥農藥使用量實現零增長。推進重大生態保護和修復工程，擴大退耕還林還草還濕，加強荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理。開展中央環保督察，嚴肅查處違法案件。積極推動《巴黎協定》簽署生效，我國在應對全球氣候變化中發揮了重要作用。
Eighth, with a commitment to achieving harmony between human and nature, we have taken major steps to address pollution, and achieved notable progress in ecological conservation.
We have established the notion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and acted with resolve and intensity as never before to strengthen environmental protection.
We have struck out hard against air pollution, thus achieving a drop of over 30 percent in the average density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas. We have done more to reduce the use of low quality coal, pushed for progress in energy conservation and emission reductions in key industries, and seen 71 percent of coal-fired power plants achieving ultra-low emissions. We have improved the energy mix, cutting the share of coal consumption by 8.1 percentage points and increasing the share of clean energy consumption by 6.3 percentage points. We have improved fuel quality, and taken over 20 million high-emission and old vehicles off the roads.
We have strengthened prevention and control measures against water pollution in key drainage basins and sea areas, and achieved zero growth in chemical fertilizer and pesticide use. We have pursued major ecological conservation and restoration projects, expanded the coverage of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands, and intensified comprehensive efforts to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.
We have launched central government inspections on environmental protection and investigated and prosecuted cases involving legal violations.
We worked toward and saw that the Paris Agreement was put into force; China has played an important role in responding to global climate change.
（九）堅持依法全面履行政府職能，著力加強和創新社會治理，社會保持和諧穩定。提請全國人大常委會制定修訂法律95部，制定修訂行政法規195部，修改廢止一大批部門規章。省、市、縣政府部門制定公布權責清單。開展國務院大督查和專項督查，對積極作為、成效突出的給予表彰和政策激勵，對不作為的嚴肅問責。創新城鄉基層治理。完善信訪工作制度。擴大法律援助范圍。促進安全生產領域改革發展，事故總量和重特大事故數量持續下降。改革完善食品藥品監管，強化風險全程管控。加強地震、特大洪災等防災減災救災工作，健全分級負責、相互協同的應急機制，最大程度降低了災害損失。加強國家安全。健全社會治安防控體系，依法打擊各類違法犯罪，有力維護了公共安全。
Ninth, with a commitment to fully performing government functions in accordance with law, we have focused on enhancing and developing new forms of social governance, and ensured social harmony and stability.
We have submitted proposals to the NPC Standing Committee on formulating or revising 95 laws, formulated or revised 195 sets of administrative regulations, and revised or rescinded a large number of government department regulations. Lists of powers and obligations have been formulated and released by provincial, city, and county government departments. We have introduced State Council accountability inspections and special inspections, and commended and created policy incentives for those working proactively and doing an outstanding job, while holding strictly to account those failing to fulfill their duties.
We have been making innovations in urban and rural primary level governance. The system for handling public complaints has been improved. The coverage of legal aid has been expanded. We have promoted reform and improvements in workplace safety, and seen a continued drop in both the total number of accidents and the number of serious and major accidents. We have reformed and improved food and drug regulation and strengthened risk control over all related processes.
We have strengthened work on preventing, reducing, and providing relief for disasters, including earthquakes and serious flooding, and built stronger emergency response mechanisms employing a division of responsibilities between levels and close coordination. With this we have minimized the damage and loss inflicted by disasters to the greatest possible extent.
China’s national security is better safeguarded. We have improved the crime prevention and control system, worked in accordance with law to hit back against all types of crime and illegal behavior, and effectively safeguarded public security.
貫徹落實黨中央全面從嚴治黨部署，加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。深入開展黨的群眾路線教育實踐活動、“三嚴三實”專題教育、“兩學一做”學習教育，認真落實黨中央八項規定精神，持之以恒糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。嚴控新建政府性樓堂館所和財政供養人員總量，“三公”經費大幅壓減。加強行政監察和審計監督。堅決查處和糾正違法違規行為，嚴厲懲處腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭壓倒性態勢已經形成并鞏固發展。
We have implemented the Party Central Committee’s decisions on exercising full and strict Party self-governance and done more to improve Party conduct, build a clean government, and fight corruption. We have taken extensive action in raising awareness of and putting into practice the Party’s mass line, in theThree Stricts and Three Earnests* campaign, and in the drive to see that Party members develop a good understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses and live up to Party standards. We have worked hard to ensure compliance with the Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving conduct and staying engaged with the people and worked nonstop to address the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. We have strictly enforced the three-point State Council decision on curbing government spending.
(* The Three Stricts and Three Earnests refers to the need to be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be earnest in one’s thinking, work, and behavior.)
We have enforced strict controls over the construction of new government buildings and over the total number of people on the government payroll; and spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality has been significantly reduced.
We have strengthened government supervision and auditing-based oversight. We have taken strong steps to investigate, prosecute, and address violations of laws and regulations and severely punished those who have committed corruption. The anti-corruption campaign has built into a crushing tide, a tide with stronger and growing momentum.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
過去五年，民族、宗教、僑務等工作創新推進。支持民族地區加快發展，民族團結進步事業取得長足進展。積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷在國家現代化建設中作出了獨特貢獻。
Over the past five years, we have made new improvements in work related to ethnic groups, religion, and overseas Chinese nationals. We have supported faster development in areas with large ethnic minority populations, and have seen efforts to promote ethnic unity and progress truly paying off. We have actively guided religions in adapting to socialist society. Overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned from overseas, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who reside in China have made their own unique contributions to the country’s modernization.
過去五年，在黨中央、中央軍委領導下，強軍興軍開創新局面。制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，召開古田全軍政治工作會議，深入推進政治建軍、改革強軍、科技興軍、依法治軍，人民軍隊實現政治生態重塑、組織形態重塑、力量體系重塑、作風形象重塑。有效遂行海上維權、反恐維穩、搶險救災、國際維和、亞丁灣護航、人道主義救援等重大任務。各方配合基本完成裁減軍隊員額30萬任務。軍事裝備現代化水平顯著提升，軍民融合深度發展。人民軍隊面貌煥然一新，在中國特色強軍之路上邁出堅實步伐。
Over the past five years, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, we have embarked on a new stage in strengthening and energizing the armed forces. We have developed a military strategy for new conditions; convened the Gutian military political work meeting; and taken extensive steps to see that the armed forces are built on political loyalty, strengthened through reform and technology, and run in accordance with law. As a result, our people’s armed forces have achieved a remodeling of their political ecosystem, of the way they are organized, of the structure of their forces, and of their conduct and image.
We have undertaken major missions involving the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism and maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian rescue. With the cooperation of all those involved, we have basically completed the task of reducing the armed forces by 300,000 troops. Military equipment has been significantly modernized, and we have deepened military-civilian integration. The people’s armed forces, full of new drive, have taken solid strides toward building themselves into a powerful military with Chinese characteristics.
過去五年，港澳臺工作取得新進展。“一國兩制”實踐不斷豐富和發展，憲法和基本法權威在港澳進一步彰顯，內地與港澳交流合作深入推進，港珠澳大橋全線貫通，香港、澳門保持繁榮穩定。堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”，加強兩岸經濟文化交流合作，實現兩岸領導人歷史性會晤。堅決反對和遏制“臺獨”分裂勢力，有力維護了臺海和平穩定。
Over the past five years, fresh progress has been made in work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. The practice of “one country, two systems” has been consistently enriched and developed; the authority of China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions has been further raised in these two regions. Exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao have been steadily enhanced; the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has been completed, and Hong Kong and Macao have thrived and remained stable.
We have upheld the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, strengthened cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and held a historic meeting between the leaders of the two sides. We have resolutely opposed and deterred separatist forces advocating Taiwan independence, firmly safeguarding peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.
過去五年，中國特色大國外交全面推進。成功舉辦首屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇、亞太經濟合作組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人杭州峰會、金磚國家領導人廈門會晤等重大主場外交。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、氣候變化大會、世界經濟論壇、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大活動，全方位外交布局深入展開。倡導構建人類命運共同體，為全球治理體系變革貢獻更多中國智慧。經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。堅定維護國家主權和海洋權益。中國作為負責任大國，在解決國際和地區熱點問題上發揮了重要建設性作用，為世界和平與發展作出新的重大貢獻。
Over the past five years, we have pursued distinctively Chinese major country diplomacy on all fronts. We successfully hosted the first Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Hangzhou Summit, the BRICS Xiamen Summit, and other major diplomatic events at home.
President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended major events including United Nations summits, Climate Change Conferences, World Economic Forum meetings, and the East Asian Leaders Meetings on Cooperation. China’s diplomatic agenda has been further advanced on every front.
China has called for building a community with a shared future for mankind and has contributed more Chinese ideas to the reform of the global governance system. Notable achievements have been made in our country’s economic diplomacy and people-to-people and cultural exchanges. We have been resolute in upholding China’s sovereignty and maritime rights and interests. As a responsible major country, China has played a constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot issues, thus making significant new contributions to global peace and development.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
回顧過去五年，諸多矛盾交織疊加，各種風險挑戰接踵而至，國內外很多情況是改革開放以來沒有碰到過的，我國改革發展成就實屬來之不易。這是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！
Looking back at the past five years, we have encountered a great many interwoven problems and a stream of risks and challenges. Both at home and abroad, there have been many new developments, developments that we have not faced since reform and opening-up began. The achievements we have made in China’s reform and development have certainly not come easily. We owe them to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation’s ethnic groups.
On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express our sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.
安不忘危，興不忘憂。我們清醒認識到，我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段，仍是世界最大發展中國家，發展不平衡不充分的一些突出問題尚未解決。經濟增長內生動力還不夠足，創新能力還不夠強，發展質量和效益不夠高，一些企業特別是中小企業經營困難，民間投資增勢疲弱，部分地區經濟下行壓力較大，金融等領域風險隱患不容忽視。脫貧攻堅任務艱巨，農業基礎仍然薄弱，城鄉區域發展和收入分配差距依然較大。重特大安全生產事故時有發生。在空氣質量、環境衛生、食品藥品安全和住房、教育、醫療、就業、養老等方面，群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。政府職能轉變還不到位。政府工作存在不足，有些改革舉措和政策落實不力，一些干部服務意識和法治意識不強、工作作風不實、擔當精神不夠，形式主義、官僚主義不同程度存在。群眾和企業對辦事難、亂收費意見較多。一些領域不正之風和腐敗問題仍然多發。我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神，以不畏艱難的勇氣、堅忍不拔的意志，盡心竭力做好工作，使人民政府不負人民重托！
As the Chinese saying goes, when all is calm, forget not danger; when all is well, be awake to woes. We are keenly aware that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, that it remains the largest developing country in the world, and that it faces a number of acute problems caused by unbalanced and inadequate development that so far have remained unsolved.
The internal forces powering economic growth are not yet sufficient, China’s ability to innovate needs to be stronger, and the quality and performance of development need to be improved. Some enterprises, particularly small and medium ones, are finding it tough going. Growth in private investment is weak; some regions still face considerable downward economic pressure, and risks and potential dangers in the financial and other sectors are not to be ignored.
Poverty alleviation remains a formidable task; agriculture is not based on a strong foundation. The disparities in development between rural and urban areas, between regions, and in income distribution remain substantial. Serious and major workplace accidents happen all too often. People still have a lot of complaints about air quality, environmental sanitation, food and drug safety, housing, education, healthcare, employment, and elderly care.
The transformation of government functions has not yet reached where it should be. In government work there are places where we fall short. Some reform measures and policies have not been fully implemented. Some officials are weak on awareness that they are there to serve and must uphold the rule of law, and some lack commitment to their work and willingness to bear the weight of responsibility. Bureaucratism and the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake exist to varying degrees. There are many complaints from the people and the business sector about the difficulty of accessing government services and the excessive array of charges. In some sectors misconduct and corruption are still a common problem.
With a deep sense of responsibility to our country and people, with courage in the face of adversity, and with determination that won’t be broken, we must give our work everything we’ve got, to make sure that the people’s government does not let the people down.
二、2018年經濟社會發展總體要求和政策取向
I now wish to address the overall requirements and policy direction for economic and social development in 2018.
今年是全面貫徹黨的十九大精神的開局之年，是改革開放40周年，是決勝全面建成小康社會、實施“十三五”規劃承上啟下的關鍵一年。做好政府工作，要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀、習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面深入貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中全會精神，貫徹黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本方略，堅持和加強黨的全面領導，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，堅持新發展理念，緊扣我國社會主要矛盾變化，按照高質量發展的要求，統籌推進“五位一體”總體布局和協調推進“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持以供給側結構性改革為主線，統籌推進穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險各項工作，大力推進改革開放，創新和完善宏觀調控，推動質量變革、效率變革、動力變革，特別在打好防范化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治的攻堅戰方面取得扎實進展，引導和穩定預期，加強和改善民生，促進經濟社會持續健康發展。
This year will kick off our efforts to put all the guiding principles from the Party’s 19th National Congress into action. It is the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up, and it is a crucial year for securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for continuing to implement the 13th Five-Year Plan.
To accomplish the government’s work for the year, we must, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, do the following:
? follow the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; implement fully all the guiding principles from the Party’s 19th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee; act on the Party’s basic theory, line, and policy; adhere to and strengthen Party leadership in all of our work; remain committed to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability and to the new development philosophy;
? respond to the change in the principal contradiction in Chinese society;
? heed the requirement that development must be high quality;
? coordinate efforts to pursue the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;
? continue to regard supply-side structural reform as our main task;
? coordinate all work to maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk;
? work hard to reform and open up further;
? explore new ideas on and improve macro regulation;
? promote a change in quality, change in efficiency, and change in growth drivers;
? work particularly for solid progress in forestalling and defusing major risks, in targeted poverty alleviation, and in addressing pollution;
? guide and stabilize expectations, improve living standards, and promote sustained, healthy economic and social development.
綜合分析國內外形勢，我國發展面臨的機遇和挑戰并存。世界經濟有望繼續復蘇，但不穩定不確定因素很多，主要經濟體政策調整及其外溢效應帶來變數，保護主義加劇，地緣政治風險上升。我國經濟正處在轉變發展方式、優化經濟結構、轉換增長動力的攻關期，還有很多坡要爬、坎要過，需要應對可以預料和難以預料的風險挑戰。實踐表明，中國的發展成就從來都是在攻堅克難中取得的。當前我國物質技術基礎更加雄厚，產業體系完備、市場規模巨大、人力資源豐富、創業創新活躍，綜合優勢明顯，有能力有條件實現更高質量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續的發展。
A comprehensive analysis of how things stand at home and abroad tells us that China, in its development, faces both opportunities and challenges.
We can expect continued recovery of the global economy, but there are also many factors that bring instability and uncertainty. The policy changes of the major economies and their spillover effects create uncertainty; protectionism is mounting, and geopolitical risks are on the ascent.
China’s economy is now in a pivotal period in the transformation of its growth model, its structural improvement, and its shift to new growth drivers. There are still many hills to climb and gorges to cross; we will have to face risks and challenges, some foreseeable and others not.
In fact, it’s always been the case that China’s achievements in development have been made whilst overcoming difficulties. Today, China’s material and technological foundations are much stronger; its industrial system is complete, its market is vast, its human resources are abundant, and its entrepreneurs and innovators are dynamic. We enjoy composite advantages, and all this means that we have the ability and the conditions to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development.
今年發展主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%左右；居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；城鎮新增就業1100萬人以上，城鎮調查失業率5.5%以內，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內；居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步；進出口穩中向好，國際收支基本平衡；單位國內生產總值能耗下降3%以上，主要污染物排放量繼續下降；供給側結構性改革取得實質性進展，宏觀杠桿率保持基本穩定，各類風險有序有效防控。
Based on the above considerations, we have set the following projected targets for development this year:
? GDP growth of around 6.5 percent
? CPI increase of around 3 percent
? Over 11 million new urban jobs, the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent, and the registered urban jobless rate within 4.5 percent
? Basic parity in personal income growth and economic growth
? A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments
? A drop of at least 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants
? Substantive progress in supply-side structural reform, basically stable macro leverage, and systematic and effective prevention and control of risk
上述主要預期目標，考慮了決勝全面建成小康社會需要，符合我國經濟已由高速增長階段轉向高質量發展階段實際。從經濟基本面和就業吸納能力看，6.5%左右的增速可以實現比較充分的就業。城鎮調查失業率涵蓋農民工等城鎮常住人口，今年首次把這一指標作為預期目標，以更全面反映就業狀況，更好體現共享發展要求。
The above targets take into consideration the need to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and are fitting given the fact that China’s economy is transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. Given our economic fundamentals and capacity for job creation, GDP growth of around 6.5 percent will enable us to achieve relatively full employment. The surveyed urban unemployment rate covers rural migrant workers and other permanent urban residents. This year, for the first time we are using this indicator as a projected target; this is intended to give a fuller picture of employment and to better reflect the requirement that development that is to be shared by everyone.
今年要繼續創新和完善宏觀調控，把握好宏觀調控的度，保持宏觀政策連續性穩定性，加強財政、貨幣、產業、區域等政策協調配合。
This year, we will continue to develop new ways of improving macro regulation and ensure that the degree of macro regulation is right. We will maintain the continuity and consistency of macro policies, and better coordinate fiscal, monetary, industrial, regional, and other policies.
積極的財政政策取向不變，要聚力增效。今年赤字率擬按2.6%安排，比去年預算低0.4個百分點；財政赤字2.38萬億元，其中中央財政赤字1.55萬億元，地方財政赤字8300億元。調低赤字率，主要是我國經濟穩中向好、財政增收有基礎，也為宏觀調控留下更多政策空間。今年全國財政支出21萬億元，支出規模進一步加大。中央對地方一般性轉移支付增長10.9%，增強地方特別是中西部地區財力。優化財政支出結構，提高財政支出的公共性、普惠性，加大對三大攻堅戰的支持，更多向創新驅動、“三農”、民生等領域傾斜。當前財政狀況出現好轉，各級政府仍要堅持過緊日子，執守簡樸、力戒浮華，嚴控一般性支出，把寶貴的資金更多用于為發展增添后勁、為民生雪中送炭。
The proactive direction of our fiscal policy will remain the same, and we will concentrate efforts to increase efficiency. This year’s deficit as a percentage of GDP is projected to be 2.6 percent, 0.4 percentage point lower than last year. The government deficit is projected to be 2.38 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.55 trillion yuan and local government deficit of 0.83 trillion yuan. The reduction in the deficit-to-GDP ratio is mainly due to China’s economic growth being steady and the foundation being there for an increase in revenue; it also keeps policy options open for macro regulation.
Government expenditure is budgeted at 21 trillion yuan, representing a further increase in the scale of spending. The central government will increase general transfer payments to local governments by 10.9 percent, to strengthen local finances, especially in the central and western regions.
We will improve the structure of budgetary spending, making sure that more financial allocations are used for the public good and universal benefit, increasing support for the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, and weighting spending toward innovation-driven development, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and the improvement of living standards.
Although the government finances are improving, government at all levels must keep its belt tightened, keep things as simple as possible, abstain from all excess, and strictly control general expenditures, so that these precious funds are used to add growth drivers for sustaining development and meet people’s most urgent needs.
穩健的貨幣政策保持中性，要松緊適度。管好貨幣供給總閘門，保持廣義貨幣M2、信貸和社會融資規模合理增長，維護流動性合理穩定，提高直接融資特別是股權融資比重。疏通貨幣政策傳導渠道，用好差別化準備金、差異化信貸等政策，引導資金更多投向小微企業、“三農”和貧困地區，更好服務實體經濟。
Our prudent monetary policy will remain neutral, with easing or tightening only as appropriate. We need to make sure that the valve of aggregate monetary supply is well controlled, maintain moderate growth in M2 money supply, credit, and aggregate financing, ensure a reasonable, stable level of liquidity, and increase the proportion of direct finance, particularly equity finance. We will improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, make better use of differentiated reserve ratio and credit policies, and encourage more funds to flow toward small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and poor areas, and to better serve the real economy.
做好今年工作，要認真貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義經濟思想，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，把穩和進作為一個整體來把握，注重以下幾點。一是大力推動高質量發展。發展是解決我國一切問題的基礎和關鍵。要著力解決發展不平衡不充分問題，圍繞建設現代化經濟體系，堅持質量第一、效益優先，促進經濟結構優化升級。要尊重經濟規律，遠近結合，確保經濟運行在合理區間，實現經濟平穩增長和質量效益提高互促共進。二是加大改革開放力度。改革開放是決定當代中國命運的關鍵一招，也是實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的關鍵一招。在新的歷史起點上，思想要再解放，改革要再深化，開放要再擴大。充分發揮人民首創精神，鼓勵各地從實際出發，敢闖敢試，敢于碰硬，把改革開放不斷向前推進。三是抓好決勝全面建成小康社會三大攻堅戰。要分別提出工作思路和具體舉措，排出時間表、路線圖、優先序，確保風險隱患得到有效控制，確保脫貧攻堅任務全面完成，確保生態環境質量總體改善。我們所做的一切工作，都是為了人民。要堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，從我國基本國情出發，盡力而為、量力而行，把群眾最關切最煩心的事一件一件解決好，促進社會公平正義和人的全面發展，使人民生活隨著國家發展一年比一年更好。
For government to deliver this year, we must act on Xi Jinping’s economic thinking for new-era socialism with Chinese characteristics, continue following the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and regard stability and progress as being indivisible. Specifically, we will do the following:
First, we will strongly promote high-quality development. Development is the underpinning and the key for solving all our country’s problems. We will devote attention to addressing unbalanced and insufficient development. Centering on developing a modernized economy, we will put quality first and give priority to performance, and promote economic structural improvement and upgrading. We must respect objective economic laws, consider both long- and near-term needs, ensure the economy performs within a reasonable range, and achieve a situation in which steady economic growth and improvement in quality and performance reinforce each other.
Second, we will be bolder in reform and opening-up. Reform and opening was a game-changing move in making China what it is today; it now remains a game-changing move for us to achieve China’s Two Centenary Goals*. Standing at a new historic starting point, we must go further in freeing our minds, in deepening reform, and in opening-up. We need to give full play to the pioneering drive of the people, and encourage all localities, based on their own conditions, to dare to explore, dare to try things out, and dare to confront the toughest of issues, to keep reform and opening-up constantly moving forward.
(* The Two Centenary Goals are to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China marks its centenary and to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary.)
Third, we will ensure success in the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, battles that are important for decisively bringing to completion the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We need to adopt targeted approaches and specific measures, draw up timetables and roadmaps, and set well-defined priorities. We will make sure risks and potential dangers are effectively controlled, make sure poverty alleviation is fully accomplished, and make sure there is an overall improvement in the quality of the environment.
All of our work is work for the people. We will stay true to the vision of people-centered development, start by considering China’s own situation, and do everything within our capacity to resolve each and every one of the issues that most affect and worry our people, promote social fairness and justice and well-rounded human development, and see that the people’s lives, along with our country’s development, keep getting better year after year.
