四、決勝全面建成小康社會，開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程

IV.Securing a Decisive Victory in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Embarking on a Journey to Fully Build a Modern Socialist China

改革開放之后，我們黨對我國社會主義現代化建設作出戰略安排，提出“三步走”戰略目標。解決人民溫飽問題、人民生活總體上達到小康水平這兩個目標已提前實現。在這個基礎上，我們黨提出，到建黨一百年時建成經濟更加發展、民主更加健全、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實的小康社會，然后再奮斗三十年，到新中國成立一百年時，基本實現現代化，把我國建成社會主義現代化國家。

After adopting the policy of reform and opening up, our Party laid out three strategic goals for achieving socialist modernization in China. The first two —ensuring that people's basic needs are met and that their lives are generally decent—have been accomplished ahead of time. Building on this, our Party then developed the vision that by the time we, the Party, celebrate our centenary, we will have developed our society into a moderately prosperous one with a stronger economy, greater democracy, more advanced science and education, thriving culture, greater social harmony, and a better quality of life. After this, with another 30 years of work, and by the time we celebrate the centenary of the People's Republic of China, we will have basically achieved modernization and turned China into a modern socialist country.

從現在到二〇二〇年，是全面建成小康社會決勝期。要按照十六大、十七大、十八大提出的全面建成小康社會各項要求，緊扣我國社會主要矛盾變化，統籌推進經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態文明建設，堅定實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略、創新驅動發展戰略、鄉村振興戰略、區域協調發展戰略、可持續發展戰略、軍民融合發展戰略，突出抓重點、補短板、強弱項，特別是要堅決打好防范化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治的攻堅戰，使全面建成小康社會得到人民認可、經得起歷史檢驗。

The period between now and 2020 will be decisive in finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We must follow the requirements on building this society set out at our 16th, 17th and 18th National Congresses, act in response to the evolution of the principal contradiction in Chinese society, and promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement. We must show firm resolve in implementing the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the strategy on developing a quality workforce, the innovation-driven development strategy, the rural vitalization strategy, the coordinated regional development strategy, the sustainable development strategy, and the military-civilian integration strategy. We must focus on priorities, address inadequacies, and shore up points of weakness. In this regard, I want to stress that we must take tough steps to forestall and defuse major risks, carry out targeted poverty alleviation, and prevent and control pollution, so that the moderately prosperous society we build earns the people’s approval and stands the test of time.

從十九大到二十大，是“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的歷史交匯期。我們既要全面建成小康社會、實現第一個百年奮斗目標，又要乘勢而上開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程，向第二個百年奮斗目標進軍。

The period between the 19th and the 20th National Congress is the period in which the timeframes of the two centenary goals converge. In this period, not only must we finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the first centenary goal; we must also build on this achievement to embark on a new journey toward the second centenary goal of fully building a modern socialist country.

綜合分析國際國內形勢和我國發展條件，從二〇二〇年到本世紀中葉可以分兩個階段來安排。

Based on a comprehensive analysis of the international and domestic environments and the conditions for China's development, we have drawn up a two-stage development plan for the period from 2020 to the middle of this century.

第一個階段，從二〇二〇年到二〇三五年，在全面建成小康社會的基礎上，再奮 斗十五年，基本實現社會主義現代化。到那時，我國經濟實力、科技實力將大幅 躍升，躋身創新型國家前列；人民平等參與、平等發展權利得到充分保障，法治 國家、法治政府、法治社會基本建成，各方面制度更加完善，國家治理體系和治 理能力現代化基本實現；社會文明程度達到新的高度，國家文化軟實力顯著增強， 中華文化影響更加廣泛深入；人民生活更為寬裕，中等收入群體比例明顯提高， 城鄉區域發展差距和居民生活水平差距顯著縮小，基本公共服務均等化基本實現， 全體人民共同富裕邁出堅實步伐；現代社會治理格局基本形成，社會充滿活力又 和諧有序；生態環境根本好轉，美麗中國目標基本實現。

In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, we will build on the foundation created by the moderately prosperous society with a further 15 years of hard work to see that socialist modernization is basically realized. The vision is that by the end of this stage, the following goals will have been met: China's economic and technological strength has increased significantly. China has become a global leader in innovation. The rights of the people to participate and to develop as equals are adequately protected. The rule of law for the country, the government, and society is basically in place. Institutions in all fields are further improved; the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance is basically achieved. Social etiquette and civility are significantly enhanced. China's cultural soft power has grown much stronger; Chinese culture has greater appeal. People are leading more comfortable lives, and the size of the middle-income group has grown considerably. Disparities in urban-rural development, in development between regions, and in living standards are significantly reduced; equitable access to basic public services is basically ensured; and solid progress has been made toward prosperity for everyone. A modern social governance system has basically taken shape, and society is full of vitality, harmonious, and orderly. There is a fundamental improvement in the environment; the goal of building a Beautiful China is basically attained.

第二個階段，從二〇三五年到本世紀中葉，在基本實現現代化的基礎上，再奮斗十五年，把我國建成富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國。到那時，我國物質文明、政治文明、精神文明、社會文明、生態文明將全面提升，實現國家治理體系和治理能力現代化，成為綜合國力和國際影響力領先的國家，全體人民共同富裕基本實現，我國人民將享有更加幸福安康的生活，中華民族將以更加昂揚的姿態屹立于世界民族之林。

In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century, we will, building on having basically achieved modernization, work hard for a further 15 years and develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful. By the end of this stage, the following goals will have been met: New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and ecological advancement. Modernization of China's system and capacity for governance is achieved. China has become a global leader in terms of composite national strength and international influence. Common prosperity for everyone is basically achieved. The Chinese people enjoy happier, safer, and healthier lives. The Chinese nation will become a proud and active member of the community of nations.

同志們！

Comrades,

從全面建成小康社會到基本實現現代化，再到全面建成社會主義現代化強國，是新時代中國特色社會主義發展的戰略安排。我們要堅忍不拔、鍥而不舍，奮力譜寫社會主義現代化新征程的壯麗篇章！

This is our strategic vision for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era: Finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, proceed to basically realize modernization, and then move on to turn China into a great modern socialist country in every dimension. We must work with resolve and tenacity and write a brilliant chapter on our new journey to socialist modernization.

五、貫徹新發展理念，建設現代化經濟體系

V.Applying a New Vision of Development and Developing a Modernized Economy

實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，不斷提高人民生活水平，必須堅定不移把發展作為黨執政興國的第一要務，堅持解放和發展社會生產力，堅持社會主義市場經濟改革方向，推動經濟持續健康發展。

To deliver on the two centenary goals, realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation, and steadily improve our people's lives, we must continue to pursue development as the Party's top priority in governance; we must unleash and develop productive forces, continue reforms to develop the socialist market economy, and promote sustained and sound economic growth.

我國經濟已由高速增長階段轉向高質量發展階段，正處在轉變發展方式、優化經濟結構、轉換增長動力的攻關期，建設現代化經濟體系是跨越關口的迫切要求和我國發展的戰略目標。必須堅持質量第一、效益優先，以供給側結構性改革為主線，推動經濟發展質量變革、效率變革、動力變革，提高全要素生產率，著力加快建設實體經濟、科技創新、現代金融、人力資源協同發展的產業體系，著力構建市場機制有效、微觀主體有活力、宏觀調控有度的經濟體制，不斷增強我國經濟創新力和競爭力。

China's economy has been transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. This is a pivotal stage for transforming our growth model, improving our economic structure, and fostering new drivers of growth. It is imperative that we develop a modernized economy. This is both an urgent requirement for getting us smoothly through this critical transition and a strategic goal for China's development. We must put quality first and give priority to performance. We should pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task, and work hard for better quality, higher efficiency, and more robust drivers of economic growth through reform. We need to raise total factor productivity and accelerate the building of an industrial system that promotes coordinated development of the real economy with technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources. We should endeavor to develop an economy with more effective market mechanisms, dynamic micro-entities, and sound macro-regulation. This will steadily strengthen the innovation capacity and competitiveness of China’s economy.

（一）深化供給側結構性改革。

1. Furthering supply-side structural reform

建設現代化經濟體系，必須把發展經濟的著力點放在實體經濟上，把提高供給體系質量作為主攻方向，顯著增強我國經濟質量優勢。加快建設制造強國，加快發展先進制造業，推動互聯網、大數據、人工智能和實體經濟深度融合，在中高端消費、創新引領、綠色低碳、共享經濟、現代供應鏈、人力資本服務等領域培育新增長點、形成新動能。支持傳統產業優化升級，加快發展現代服務業，瞄準國際標準提高水平。促進我國產業邁向全球價值鏈中高端，培育若干世界級先進制造業集群。加強水利、鐵路、公路、水運、航空、管道、電網、信息、物流等基礎設施網絡建設。堅持去產能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補短板，優化存量資源配置，擴大優質增量供給，實現供需動態平衡。激發和保護企業家精神，鼓勵更多社會主體投身創新創業。建設知識型、技能型、創新型勞動者大軍，弘揚勞模精神和工匠精神，營造勞動光榮的社會風尚和精益求精的敬業風氣。

In developing a modernized economy, we must focus on the real economy, give priority to improving the quality of the supply system, and enhance our economy's strength in terms of quality. We will work faster to build China into a manufacturer of quality and develop advanced manufacturing, promote further integration of the internet, big data, and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and foster new growth areas and drivers of growth in medium-high end consumption, innovation-driven development, the green and low-carbon economy, the sharing economy, modern supply chains, and human capital services. We will support traditional industries in upgrading themselves and accelerate development of modern service industries to elevate them to international standards. We will move Chineseindustries up to the medium-high end of the global value chain, and foster a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters. We will strengthen infrastructure networks for water conservancy, railways, highways, waterways, aviation, pipelines, power grids, information, and logistics. We will continue efforts to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness, and work to achieve a dynamic balance between supply and demand by improving the allocation of available resources and increasing high-quality supply. We will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and encourage more entities to make innovations and start businesses. We will build an educated, skilled, and innovative workforce, foster respect for model workers, promote quality workmanship, and see that taking pride in labor becomes a social norm and seeking excellence is valued as a good work ethic.

（二）加快建設創新型國家。

2.  Making China a country of innovators

創新是引領發展的第一動力，是建設現代化經濟體系的戰略支撐。

Innovation is the primary force driving development; it is the strategic underpinning for building a modernized economy.

要瞄準世界科技前沿，強化基礎研究，實現前瞻性基礎研究、引領性原創成果重大突破。加強應用基礎研究，拓展實施國家重大科技項目，突出關鍵共性技術、前沿引領技術、現代工程技術、顛覆性技術創新，為建設科技強國、質量強國、航天強國、網絡強國、交通強國、數字中國、智慧社會提供有力支撐。加強國家創新體系建設，強化戰略科技力量。深化科技體制改革，建立以企業為主體、市場為導向、產學研深度融合的技術創新體系，加強對中小企業創新的支持，促進科技成果轉化。倡導創新文化，強化知識產權創造、保護、運用。培養造就一大批具有國際水平的戰略科技人才、科技領軍人才、青年科技人才和高水平創新團隊。

Weshould aim to reach frontier areas of science and technology, strengthen basic research, and make major breakthroughs in pioneering basic research and path-breaking and original innovations. We will strengthen basic research in applied sciences, launch major national science and technology projects, and prioritize innovation in key generic technologies, cutting-edge frontier technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technologies. These efforts will provide powerful support for building China's strength in science and technology, product quality, aerospace, cyberspace, and transportation; and for building a digital China and a smart society. We will improve our national innovation system and boost our strategic scientific and technological strength. We will further reform the management system for science and technology, and develop a market-oriented system for technological innovation in which enterprises are the main players and synergy is created through the joint efforts of enterprises, universities, and research institutes. We will support innovation by small and medium-sized enterprises and encourage the application of advances in science and technology.

We will foster a culture of innovation, and strengthen the creation, protection, andapplication of intellectual property. We should cultivate a large number of world-class scientists and technologists in strategically important fields, scientific and technological leaders, and young scientists and engineers, as well as high-performing innovation teams.

（三）實施鄉村振興戰略。

3. Pursuing a rural vitalization strategy

農業農村農民問題是關系國計民生的根本性問題，必須始終把解決好“三農”問題作為全黨工作重中之重。要堅持農業農村優先發展，按照產業興旺、生態宜居、鄉風文明、治理有效、生活富裕的總要求，建立健全城鄉融合發展體制機制和政策體系，加快推進農業農村現代化。鞏固和完善農村基本經營制度，深化農村土地制度改革，完善承包地“三權”分置制度。保持土地承包關系穩定并長久不變， 第二輪土地承包到期后再延長三十年。深化農村集體產權制度改革，保障農民財產權益，壯大集體經濟。確保國家糧食安全，把中國人的飯碗牢牢端在自己手中。構建現代農業產業體系、生產體系、經營體系，完善農業支持保護制度，發展多種形式適度規模經營，培育新型農業經營主體，健全農業社會化服務體系，實現小農戶和現代農業發展有機銜接。促進農村一二三產業融合發展，支持和鼓勵農民就業創業，拓寬增收渠道。加強農村基層基礎工作，健全自治、法治、德治相結合的鄉村治理體系。培養造就一支懂農業、愛農村、愛農民的“三農”工作隊伍。

Issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people are fundamental to China as they directly concern our country's stability and our people's wellbeing. Addressing these issues should have a central place on the work agenda of the Party, and we must prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas. To build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, we need to put in place sound systems, mechanisms, and policies for promoting integrated urban-rural development, and speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. We will consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, advance reform of the rural land system, and improve the system for separating the ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights for contracted rural land. Rural land contracting practices will remain stable and unchanged on a long-term basis; the current round of contracts will be extended for another 30 years upon expiration. We will press ahead with reform of the rural collective property rights system, safeguard the property rights and interests of rural people, and strengthen the collective economy. We must ensure China's food security so that we always have control over our own food supply. We will establish industrial, production, and business operation systems for modern agriculture, and improve the systems for supporting and protecting agriculture. We will develop appropriately scaled agricultural operations of various forms, cultivate new types of agribusiness, improve specialized agricultural services, and encourage small household farmers to become involved in modern agriculture. We will promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, support and encourage employment and business startups there, and open up more channels to increase rural incomes. We will strengthen basic services in ruralcommunities, and improve the governance model in rural areas based on a combination of self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue. We will train professional rural service personnel who have a good knowledge of agriculture, love our rural areas, and care about rural people.

（四）實施區域協調發展戰略。

4. Implementing the coordinated regional development strategy

加大力度支持革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區加快發展，強化舉措推 進西部大開發形成新格局，深化改革加快東北等老工業基地振興，發揮優勢推動 中部地區崛起，創新引領率先實現東部地區優化發展，建立更加有效的區域協調 發展新機制。以城市群為主體構建大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展的城鎮格局，加 快農業轉移人口市民化。以疏解北京非首都功能為“牛鼻子”推動京津冀協同發展， 高起點規劃、高標準建設雄安新區。以共抓大保護、不搞大開發為導向推動長江 經濟帶發展。支持資源型地區經濟轉型發展。加快邊疆發展，確保邊疆鞏固、邊 境安全。堅持陸海統籌，加快建設海洋強國。

Wewill devote more energy to speeding up the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.Wewill strengthen measures to reach a new stage in the large-scale development of the western region; deepen reform to accelerate the revitalization of old industrial bases in the northeast and other parts of the country; help the central region rise by tapping into local strengths; and support the eastern region in taking the lead in pursuing optimal development through innovation. To this end, we need to put in place new, effective mechanisms to ensure coordinated development of different regions. We will create networks of cities and towns based on city clusters, enabling the coordinated development of cities of different sizes and small towns, and speed up work on granting permanent urban residency to people who move from rural to urban areas. We will relieve Beijing of functions nonessential to its role as the capital and use this effort to drive the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; and we will develop forward-looking plans and adopt high standards for building the Xiongan New Area. We will facilitate the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt by promoting well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoiding excessive development. Support will be given to resource-depleted areas in their economic transformation. We will accelerate development in the border areas, and ensure their stability and security.

We will pursue coordinated land and marine development, and step up efforts to build China into a strong maritime country.

（五）加快完善社會主義市場經濟體制。

5. Accelerating efforts to improve the socialist market economy

經濟體制改革必須以完善產權制度和要素市場化配置為重點，實現產權有效激勵、要素自由流動、價格反應靈活、競爭公平有序、企業優勝劣汰。要完善各類國有 資產管理體制，改革國有資本授權經營體制，加快國有經濟布局優化、結構調整、戰略性重組，促進國有資產保值增值，推動國有資本做強做優做大，有效防止國有資產流失。深化國有企業改革，發展混合所有制經濟，培育具有全球競爭力的世界一流企業。

In our economic reforms, we must concentrate on improving the property rights system and ensuring the market-based allocation of factors of production, so that property rights act as effective incentives, and we should ensure free flows of factors, flexible prices, fair and orderly competition, and that business survival is determined by competition.

全面實施市場準入負面清單制度，清理廢除妨礙統一市場和公平競爭的各種規定和做法，支持民營企業發展，激發各類市場主體活力。

Wewill improve the systems for managing different types of state assets, and reform the system of authorized operation of state capital. In the state-owned sector, we will step up improved distribution, structural adjustment, and strategic reorganization. We will work to see that state assets maintain and increase their value; we will support state capital in becoming stronger, doing better, and growing bigger, and take effective measures to prevent the loss of state assets. We will further reform of state-owned enterprises, develop mixed-ownership economic entities, and turn Chinese enterprises into world-class, globally competitive firms. We will introduce a negative list for market access nationwide, sort through and do away with regulations and practices that impede the development of a unified market and fair competition, support the growth of private businesses, and stimulate the vitality of various market entities.

深化商事制度改革，打破行政性壟斷，防止市場壟斷，加快要素價格市場化改革， 放寬服務業準入限制，完善市場監管體制。創新和完善宏觀調控，發揮國家發展規劃的戰略導向作用，健全財政、貨幣、產業、區域等經濟政策協調機制。

We will deepen reforms in the business sector, break administrative monopolies, preclude the forming of market monopolies, speed up the reform of market-based pricing of factors of production, relax control over market access in the service sector, and improve market oversight mechanisms. We will develop new methods to improve macro-regulation, give full play to the strategic guidance of national development plans, and improve mechanisms for coordinating fiscal, monetary, industrial, regional, and other economic policies.

完善促進消費的體制機制，增強消費對經濟發展的基礎性作用。深化投融資體制改革，發揮投資對優化供給結構的關鍵性作用。加快建立現代財政制度，建立權責清晰、財力協調、區域均衡的中央和地方財政關系。建立全面規范透明、標準科學、約束有力的預算制度，全面實施績效管理。

Wewill improve systems and mechanisms for stimulating consumer spending, and leverage the fundamental role of consumption in promoting economic growth. We will deepen reform of the investment and financing systems, and enable investment to play a crucial role in improving the supply structure. We will expedite the creation of a modern public finance system, and establish a fiscal relationship between the central and local governments built upon clearly defined powers and responsibilities, appropriate financial resource allocation, and greater balance between regions. We will put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints; and we will implement performance-based management nationwide.

深化稅收制度改革，健全地方稅體系。深化金融體制改革，增強金融服務實體經濟能力，提高直接融資比重，促進多層次資本市場健康發展。健全貨幣政策和宏觀審慎政策雙支柱調控框架，深化利率和匯率市場化改革。健全金融監管體系， 守住不發生系統性金融風險的底線。

We will deepen reform of the taxation system, and improve the local tax system. We will deepen institutional reform in the financial sector, make it better serve the real economy, increase the proportion of direct financing, and promote the healthy development of a multilevel capital market. We will improve the framework of regulation underpinned by monetary policy and macro-prudential policy, and see that interest rates and exchange rates become more market-based. We will improve the financial regulatory system to forestall systemic financial risks.

（六）推動形成全面開放新格局。

6.    Making new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts

開放帶來進步，封閉必然落后。中國開放的大門不會關閉，只會越開越大。要以

“一帶一路”建設為重點，堅持引進來和走出去并重，遵循共商共建共享原則，加強創新能力開放合作，形成陸海內外聯動、東西雙向互濟的開放格局。拓展對外貿易，培育貿易新業態新模式，推進貿易強國建設。實行高水平的貿易和投資自由化便利化政策，全面實行準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，大幅度放寬市場準入，擴大服務業對外開放，保護外商投資合法權益。凡是在我國境內注冊的企業，都要一視同仁、平等對待。優化區域開放布局，加大西部開放力度。賦予自由貿易試驗區更大改革自主權，探索建設自由貿易港。創新對外投資方式，促進國際產能合作，形成面向全球的貿易、投融資、生產、服務網絡，加快培育國際經濟合作和競爭新優勢。

Openness brings progress, while self-seclusion leaves one behind. China will not close its door to the world; we will only become more and more open. We should pursue the Belt and Road Initiative as a priority, give equal emphasis to "bringing in" and "going global," follow the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, and increase openness and cooperation in building innovation capacity. With these efforts, we hope to make new ground in opening China further through links running eastward and westward, across land and over sea. We will expand foreign trade, develop new models and new forms of trade, and turn China into a trader of quality. We will adopt policies to promote high-standard liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment; we will implement the system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list across the board, significantly ease market access, further open the service sector, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors. All businesses registered in China will be treated equally. We will improve the balance in opening our different regions, and open the western region wider. We will grant more powers to pilot free trade zones to conduct reform, and explore the opening of free trade ports. We will develop new ways of making outbound investments, promote international cooperation on production capacity, form globally-oriented networks of trade, investment and financing, production, and services, and build up our strengths for international economic cooperation and competition.

同志們！

Comrades,

解放和發展社會生產力，是社會主義的本質要求。我們要激發全社會創造力和發展活力，努力實現更高質量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續的發展！

Unlocking and developing the productive forces is a fundamental task of socialism. We must inspire creativity and vitality throughout society, and strive to achieve better quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development.

六、健全人民當家作主制度體系，發展社會主義民主政治

VI.Improving the System of Institutions through Which the People Run the Country and Developing Socialist Democracy

我國是工人階級領導的、以工農聯盟為基礎的人民民主專政的社會主義國家，國家一切權力屬于人民。我國社會主義民主是維護人民根本利益的最廣泛、最真實、最管用的民主。發展社會主義民主政治就是要體現人民意志、保障人民權益、激發人民創造活力，用制度體系保證人民當家作主。

China is a socialist country of people's democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class based on an alliance of workers and farmers; it is a country where all power of the state belongs to the people. China's socialist democracy is the broadest, most genuine, and most effective democracy to safeguard the fundamental interests of the people. The very purpose of developing socialist democracy is to give full expression to the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, spark their creativity, and provide systemic and institutional guarantees to ensure the people run the country.

中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，是近代以來中國人民長期奮斗歷史邏輯、理論邏輯、實踐邏輯的必然結果，是堅持黨的本質屬性、踐行黨的根本宗旨的必然要求。

The path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics is the logical outcome of the evolution of history, theory, and practice as the Chinese people have long engaged in struggles since the advent of modern times. It is a requisite for maintaining the very nature of the Party and fulfilling its fundamental purpose.

世界上沒有完全相同的政治制度模式，政治制度不能脫離特定社會政治條件和歷史文化傳統來抽象評判，不能定于一尊，不能生搬硬套外國政治制度模式。

No two political systems are entirely the same, and a political system cannot bejudged in abstraction without regard for its social and political context, its history, and its cultural traditions. No one political system should be regarded as the only choice; and we should not just mechanically copy the political systems of other countries.

要長期堅持、不斷發展我國社會主義民主政治，積極穩妥推進政治體制改革，推進社會主義民主政治制度化、規范化、法治化、程序化，保證人民依法通過各種途徑和形式管理國家事務，管理經濟文化事業，管理社會事務，鞏固和發展生動活潑、安定團結的政治局面。

We must uphold long term and steadily strengthen China's socialist democracy, make active and prudent efforts to advance the reform of the political system, and improve the institutions, standards, and procedures of socialist democracy. We should ensure that people participate, in accordance with law and in various ways and forms, in the management of state, economic, cultural, and social affairs, and consolidate and enhance political stability, unity, and vitality.

（一）堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一。

1.  Upholding the unity of Party leadership, the people running the country, and law-based governance

黨的領導是人民當家作主和依法治國的根本保證，人民當家作主是社會主義民主政治的本質特征，依法治國是黨領導人民治理國家的基本方式，三者統一于我國社會主義民主政治偉大實踐。在我國政治生活中，黨是居于領導地位的，加強黨的集中統一領導，支持人大、政府、政協和法院、檢察院依法依章程履行職能、開展工作、發揮作用，這兩個方面是統一的。

Party leadership is the fundamental guarantee for ensuring that the people run the country and governance in China is law-based; that the people run the country is an essential feature of socialist democracy; and law-based governance is the basic way for the Party to lead the people in governing the country. These three elements are integral components of socialist democracy. In China's political life, our Party exercises leadership. Strengthening the centralized, unified leadership of the Party on the one hand and, on the other, supporting the people's congresses, governments, committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), courts, and procuratorates in performing their functions and playing their roles in accordance with the law and their charters, form a unified pair.

要改進黨的領導方式和執政方式，保證黨領導人民有效治理國家；擴大人民有序政治參與，保證人民依法實行民主選舉、民主協商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督；維護國家法制統一、尊嚴、權威，加強人權法治保障，保證人民依法享有廣泛權利和自由。鞏固基層政權，完善基層民主制度，保障人民知情權、參與權、表達權、監督權。健全依法決策機制，構建決策科學、執行堅決、監督有力的權力運行機制。各級領導干部要增強民主意識，發揚民主作風，接受人民監督，當好人民公仆。

We will improve the way the Party exercises leadership and governance to ensure that it leads the people in effectively governing the country. We will expand the people'sorderly political participation to see that in accordance with law they engage in democratic elections, consultations, decision-making, management, and oversight. We should uphold the unity, sanctity, and authority of China's legal system, and strengthen legal protection for human rights to ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms as prescribed by law. We should both consolidate government and improve the institutions of democracy at the primary level to ensure the people’s rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee. We will improve mechanisms for law-based decision-making, and put in place mechanisms for the exercise of power that ensure sound decision-making, resolute execution, and effective oversight. Officials at all levels must deepen their understanding of democracy, be democratic in their conduct, willingly accept public oversight, and perform as they should in their role as public servants.

（二）加強人民當家作主制度保障。

2. Strengthening institutional guarantees to ensure the people run the country

人民代表大會制度是堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一的根本政治制度安排，必須長期堅持、不斷完善。要支持和保證人民通過人民代表大會行使國家權力。發揮人大及其常委會在立法工作中的主導作用，健全人大組織制度和工作制度，支持和保證人大依法行使立法權、監督權、決定權、任免權，更好發揮人大代表作用，使各級人大及其常委會成為全面擔負起憲法法律賦予的各項職責的工作機關，成為同人民群眾保持密切聯系的代表機關。完善人大專門委員會設置，優化人大常委會和專門委員會組成人員結構。

We must uphold long term and steadily improve the system of people's congresses, a political system fundamental to the Party's leadership, the people's running of the country, and law-based governance. We should support and ensure the people’s exercise of state power through people’s congresses. We should see to it that people's congresses and their standing committees play the leading role in lawmaking, and improve the organizational and working systems of people's congresses to support and ensure the exercise of their statutory powers of enacting laws, conducting oversight, making decisions, and appointing and removing officials. We should give better play to the role of deputies to people’s congresses, and enable people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees to fully perform their functions as stipulated in the Constitution and the law, and to truly represent the people and maintain close ties with them. We should improve the setup of special committees of people's congresses and the composition of their standing committees and special committees.

（三）發揮社會主義協商民主重要作用。

3.  Giving play to the important role of socialist consultative democracy

有事好商量，眾人的事情由眾人商量，是人民民主的真諦。協商民主是實現黨的領導的重要方式，是我國社會主義民主政治的特有形式和獨特優勢。要推動協商民主廣泛、多層、制度化發展，統籌推進政黨協商、人大協商、政府協商、政協協商、人民團體協商、基層協商以及社會組織協商。加強協商民主制度建設，形成完整的制度程序和參與實踐，保證人民在日常政治生活中有廣泛持續深入參與的權利。

The essence of the people’s democracy is that the people get to discuss their own affairs. Consultative democracy is an important way of effecting Party leadership and a model and strength unique to China's socialist democracy. We will advance extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy, and adopt a coordinated approach to promoting consultations carried out by political parties, people's congresses, government departments, CPPCC committees, people's organizations, communities, and social organizations. We will strengthen the institutions of consultative democracy and develop complete procedures and practices to enable the people's broad, continuous, and intensive participation in day-to-day political activities.

人民政協是具有中國特色的制度安排，是社會主義協商民主的重要渠道和專門協商機構。人民政協工作要聚焦黨和國家中心任務，圍繞團結和民主兩大主題，把協商民主貫穿政治協商、民主監督、參政議政全過程，完善協商議政內容和形式， 著力增進共識、促進團結。加強人民政協民主監督，重點監督黨和國家重大方針政策和重要決策部署的貫徹落實。增強人民政協界別的代表性，加強委員隊伍建設。

The CPPCC, as a distinctively Chinese political institution, is a major channel for socialist consultative democracy, and its committees are specialist consultative bodies. The CPPCC committees should focus on the Party and the country's key tasks. With the themes of unity and democracy in mind, they should exercise consultative democracy throughout the whole process of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs; and they should improve the content and forms of consultation and deliberation to build consensus and promote unity. They should strengthen democratic oversight, focusing on the implementation of the major principles, policies, decisions, and plans of the Party and the state. They should better represent the different social sectors and strengthen the competence of their members.

（四）深化依法治國實踐。

4.    Advancing law-based governance

全面依法治國是國家治理的一場深刻革命，必須堅持厲行法治，推進科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法。成立中央全面依法治國領導小組，加強對法治中國建設的統一領導。加強憲法實施和監督，推進合憲性審查工作，維護憲法權威。推進科學立法、民主立法、依法立法，以良法促進發展、保障善治。建設法治政府，推進依法行政，嚴格規范公正文明執法。深化司法體制綜合配套改革， 全面落實司法責任制，努力讓人民群眾在每一個司法案件中感受到公平正義。

Advancing law-based governance in all fields is a profound revolution in China's governance. We must promote the rule of law and work to ensure sound lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and the observance of law by everyone. A central leading group for advancing law-based governance in all areas will be set up to exercise unified leadership over the initiative to build rule of law inChina. We will strengthen oversight to ensure compliance with the Constitution, advance constitutionality review, and safeguard the authority of the Constitution. We will carry out lawmaking in a well-conceived and democratic way and in accordance with law, so that good laws are made to promote development and ensure good governance. We will build a rule of law government, promote law-based government administration, and see that law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive way. We will carry out comprehensive and integrated reform of the judicial system and enforce judicial accountability in all respects, so that the people can see in every judicial case that justice is served.

加大全民普法力度，建設社會主義法治文化，樹立憲法法律至上、法律面前人人平等的法治理念。各級黨組織和全體黨員要帶頭尊法學法守法用法，任何組織和個人都不得有超越憲法法律的特權，絕不允許以言代法、以權壓法、逐利違法、徇私枉法。

Wewill redouble efforts to raise public awareness of the law, develop a socialist culture of rule of law, and increase public awareness of the principle underlying rule of law that the Constitution and the law are above everything else and that everyone is equal before the law. Every Party organization and every Party member must take the lead in respecting, learning about, observing, and applying the law. No organization or individual has the power to overstep the Constitution or the law; and no one in a position of power is allowed in any way to override the law with his own orders, place his authority above the law, violate the law for personal gain, or abuse the law.

（五）深化機構和行政體制改革。

5. Deepening reform of Party and government institutions and the system of government administration

統籌考慮各類機構設置，科學配置黨政部門及內設機構權力、明確職責。統籌使用各類編制資源，形成科學合理的管理體制，完善國家機構組織法。轉變政府職能，深化簡政放權，創新監管方式，增強政府公信力和執行力，建設人民滿意的服務型政府。

We will adopt a comprehensive approach to the setup of Party and government institutions, and ensure that powers are designated properly and functions and duties are defined clearly both for the institutions themselves and their internal bodies. We will use various types of staffing resources in a coordinated way, develop a sound system of administration, and improve the organic law for state institutions. The government needs to transform its functions, further streamline administration and delegate powers, develop new ways of regulation and supervision, and strengthen its credibility and administrative capacity, building itself into a service-oriented government able to satisfy the needs of the people.

賦予省級及以下政府更多自主權。在省市縣對職能相近的黨政機關探索合并設立或合署辦公。深化事業單位改革，強化公益屬性，推進政事分開、事企分開、管辦分離。

More decision making power should be given to governments at and below the provincial level, and ways should be explored to merge Party and government bodies with similar functions at the provincial, prefectural, and county levels or forthem to work together as one office while keeping separate identities. We will deepen the reform of public institutions to see that they focus on serving public interests, relieve them of government functions, keep them away from business activities, and let them run their own day-to-day operations while maintaining supervision over them.

（六）鞏固和發展愛國統一戰線。

6.   Consolidating and developing the patriotic united front

統一戰線是黨的事業取得勝利的重要法寶，必須長期堅持。要高舉愛國主義、社會主義旗幟，牢牢把握大團結大聯合的主題，堅持一致性和多樣性統一，找到最大公約數，畫出最大同心圓。堅持長期共存、互相監督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共， 支持民主黨派按照中國特色社會主義參政黨要求更好履行職能。深化民族團結進步教育，鑄牢中華民族共同體意識，加強各民族交往交流交融，促進各民族像石榴籽一樣緊緊抱在一起，共同團結奮斗、共同繁榮發展。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅持我國宗教的中國化方向，積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。加強黨外知識分子工作，做好新的社會階層人士工作，發揮他們在中國特色社會主義事業中的重要作用。構建親清新型政商關系，促進非公有制經濟健康發展和非公有制經濟人士健康成長。廣泛團結聯系海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷，共同致力于中華民族偉大復興。

The united front is an important way to ensure the success of the Party's cause, and we must maintain commitment to it long term. We must uphold the banner of patriotism and socialism, strive to achieve great unity and solidarity, balance commonality and diversity, and expand common ground and the convergence of interests. In handling its relationships with other Chinese political parties, the Communist Party of China is guided by the principles of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing the rough times and the smooth, and it supports these parties in performing their duties in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese socialist system for their participation in governance. We will heighten public awareness of ethnic unity and progress, and create a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation. We will encourage more exchanges and interactions among different ethnic groups, helping them remain closely united like the seeds of a pomegranate that stick together, and work jointly for common prosperity and development. We will fully implement the Party's basic policy on religious affairs, uphold the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation and provide active guidance to religions so that they can adapt themselves to socialist society. We will encourage intellectuals who are not Party members and people belonging to new social groups to play the important roles they have in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should form a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, promote healthy growth of the non-public sector of the economy, and encourage those working in this sector to achieve success. We will maintain extensive contacts with overseasChinese nationals, returned Chinese and their relatives and unite them so that they can join our endeavors to revitalize the Chinese nation.

同志們！

Comrades,

中國特色社會主義政治制度是中國共產黨和中國人民的偉大創造。我們完全有信心、有能力把我國社會主義民主政治的優勢和特點充分發揮出來，為人類政治文明進步作出充滿中國智慧的貢獻！

The political system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great creation of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. We have every confidence that we can give full play to the strengths and distinctive features of China's socialist democracy, and make China's contribution to the political advancement of mankind.