各位代表！
Esteemed
Deputies,
過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央正確領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！
We owe
all the achievements made over the past year to the sound leadership of the
Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the concerted
efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation’ s ethnic
groups. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude
to all our people, including public figures from all sectors of society, and to
other parties and People’ s organizations. I express our sincere appreciation
to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special
administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also
wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries,
international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown
understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.
我們也清醒看到，經濟社會發展中還存在不少困難和問題。經濟增長內生動力仍需增強，部分行業產能過剩嚴重，一些企業生產經營困難較多，地區經濟走勢分化，財政收支矛盾較大，經濟金融風險隱患不容忽視。環境污染形勢依然嚴峻，特別是一些地區嚴重霧霾頻發，治理措施需要進一步加強。在住房、教育、醫療、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面，人民群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。煤礦、建筑、交通等領域發生了一些重大安全事故，令人痛心。政府工作存在不足，有些改革舉措和政策落實不到位，涉企收費多、群眾辦事難等問題仍較突出，行政執法中存在不規范不公正不文明現象，少數干部懶政怠政、推諉扯皮，一些領域腐敗問題時有發生。我們一定要直面挑戰，敢于擔當，全力以赴做好政府工作，不辱歷史使命，不負人民重托。
Yet we
must not lose sight of the many problems and challenges China faces in pursuing
economic and social development. The internal forces driving economic growth
need to be strengthened. Overcapacity poses a serious challenge in some
industries. Some enterprises face difficulties in their production and
operations. Economic prospects for different regions are divergent. Fiscal
imbalance is becoming great. And potential economic and financial risks cannot
be overlooked.
Environmental
pollution remains grave, and in particular, some areas are frequently hit by
heavy smog. We need to further strengthen our steps to combat pollution. There
are also many problems causing public concern in housing, education,
healthcare, elderly care, food and drug safety, and income distribution. It is
distressing that there were some major accidents in the coal mining,
construction, and transportation sectors.
There is
still room for improvement in government performance. Some reform policies and
measures have not been fully implemented. Excess fees and charges being levied
on businesses and difficulties facing individuals who want to access government
services remain standout problems. We still see problems of laws and
regulations being enforced in a non-standard, unfair, or uncivil way. A small
number of government employees are lazy and neglectful of their duties or shirk
responsibility. Corruption often occurs in some sectors.
We must
confront these challenges head-on, be ready to bear the weight of
responsibility, and do our all to deliver. We must fulfill our historic mission
and live up to the great trust placed in us by the Chinese people.
三、2017年重點工作任務
I now
wish to discuss our major areas
of work for 2017.
面對今年艱巨繁重的改革發展穩定任務，我們要通觀全局、統籌兼顧，突出重點、把握關鍵，正確處理好各方面關系，著重抓好以下幾個方面工作。
Confronted
with the formidable tasks of reform and development and maintaining stability
this year, we must keep in mind the big picture and adopt a holistic approach,
have clear priorities and focus on key tasks, and properly handle interactions
among various sectors. We should give priority to the following areas of work.
（一）用改革的辦法深入推進“三去一降一補”。要在鞏固成果基礎上，針對新情況新問題，完善政策措施，努力取得更大成效。
1. Pushing ahead with the five
priority tasks through reform
We
should, on the basis of consolidating and building on what we have achieved,
improve our policies and measures in light of new developments and new problems
so as to make greater progress.
扎實有效去產能。今年要再壓減鋼鐵產能5000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產能1.5億噸以上。同時，要淘汰、停建、緩建煤電產能5000萬千瓦以上，以防范化解煤電產能過剩風險，提高煤電行業效率，優化能源結構，為清潔能源發展騰空間。要嚴格執行環保、能耗、質量、安全等相關法律法規和標準，更多運用市場化法治化手段，有效處置“僵尸企業”，推動企業兼并重組、破產清算，堅決淘汰不達標的落后產能，嚴控過剩行業新上產能。去產能必須安置好職工，中央財政專項獎補資金要及時撥付，地方和企業要落實相關資金與措施，確保分流職工就業有出路、生活有保障。
Take solid
and effective steps to cut overcapacity
This
year, we will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million
metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production
facilities. At the same time, we will suspend or postpone construction on or
eliminate no less than 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation
capacity in order to guard against and defuse the risks of overcapacity in
coal-fired power, improve the efficiency of this sector, optimize the energy
mix, and make room for clean energy to develop.
We will
strictly enforce all laws, regulations, and standards on environmental
protection, energy consumption, quality, and safety and make more use of
market- and law-based methods as we work to address the problems of
"zombie enterprises," encourage enterprise mergers, restructuring,
and bankruptcy liquidations, shut down all outdated production facilities that
fail to meet standards, and stringently control the launching of new projects
in industries that are already saddled with overcapacity.
As
overcapacity is cut, we must provide assistance to laid-off workers. Central
government special funds for rewards and subsidies should be promptly allocated
and local governments and enterprises need to put in place related funds and
measures, to ensure that laid-off workers can find new jobs and secure their
livelihoods.
因城施策去庫存。目前三四線城市房地產庫存仍然較多，要支持居民自住和進城人員購房需求。堅持住房的居住屬性，落實地方政府主體責任，加快建立和完善促進房地產市場平穩健康發展的長效機制，健全購租并舉的住房制度，以市場為主滿足多層次需求，以政府為主提供基本保障。加強房地產市場分類調控，房價上漲壓力大的城市要合理增加住宅用地，規范開發、銷售、中介等行為，遏制熱點城市房價過快上漲。目前城鎮還有幾千萬人居住在條件簡陋的棚戶區，要持續進行改造。今年再完成棚戶區住房改造600萬套，繼續發展公租房等保障性住房，因地制宜、多種方式提高貨幣化安置比例，加強配套設施建設和公共服務，讓更多住房困難家庭告別棚戶區，讓廣大人民群眾在住有所居中創造新生活。
Take
targeted policies to cut excess urban real estate inventory
At
present, there is still excess supply in the real estate markets of third- and
fourth-tier cities. We will support both local and new residents in buying
homes for personal use.
We need
to be clear that housing is for people to live in, and local governments should
take primary responsibility in this respect. We should move faster to establish
robust long-term mechanisms for promoting the steady and sound development of
the real estate sector and build a better housing system that gives equal
weight to buying and renting, with multiple levels of demand being met
primarily by the market, and basic housing support provided by the government.
We will take more category-based and targeted steps to regulate the real estate
market. Cities that are under big pressure from rising housing prices need to
increase as appropriate the supply of land for residential use. We should
better regulate housing development, marketing, and intermediary services, and
keep home prices from rising too quickly in popular cities.
Today,
several dozen million people still live in rundown areas in cities and towns.
We must continue housing renovations in these areas. This year, we will
renovate another 6 million housing units in these areas, continue to develop
public rental housing and other forms of government-subsidized housing, base
measures on local circumstances and use multiple means to increase the use of
monetary compensation for those affected by such rebuilding, and improve local
infrastructure and public services. With these efforts, we will help more
families struggling with housing to bid farewell to rundown areas, and see that
with good roofs over their heads our people move on to better lives.
積極穩妥去杠桿。我國非金融企業杠桿率較高，這與儲蓄率高、以信貸為主的融資結構有關。要在控制總杠桿率的前提下，把降低企業杠桿率作為重中之重。促進企業盤活存量資產，推進資產證券化，支持市場化法治化債轉股，發展多層次資本市場，加大股權融資力度，強化企業特別是國有企業財務杠桿約束，逐步將企業負債降到合理水平。
Carry out
deleveraging in an active and prudent way
There is
high leverage in nonfinancial Chinese firms. This is caused by high savings
rates and the composition of financing which is primarily based on credit.
While working to control overall leverage, we should focus on bringing down the
leverage of enterprises. We need to see that the idle assets of enterprises are
put to use, push ahead with securitization of corporate assets, support market-
and law-based debt-to-equity swaps, develop the multilevel capital market,
expand equity financing, and place tighter constraints on enterprises,
especially SOEs, in leveraging, so as to gradually reduce enterprise debt to an
acceptable level.
多措并舉降成本。擴大小微企業享受減半征收所得稅優惠的范圍，年應納稅所得額上限由30萬元提高到50萬元；科技型中小企業研發費用加計扣除比例由50%提高到75%，千方百計使結構性減稅力度和效應進一步顯現。名目繁多的收費使許多企業不堪重負，要大幅降低非稅負擔。一是全面清理規范政府性基金，取消城市公用事業附加等基金，授權地方政府自主減免部分基金。二是取消或停征中央涉企行政事業性收費35項，收費項目再減少一半以上，保留的項目要盡可能降低收費標準。各地也要削減涉企行政事業性收費。三是減少政府定價的涉企經營性收費，清理取消行政審批中介服務違規收費，推動降低金融、鐵路貨運等領域涉企經營性收費，加強對市場調節類經營服務性收費的監管。四是繼續適當降低“五險一金”有關繳費比例。五是通過深化改革、完善政策，降低企業制度性交易成本，降低用能、物流等成本。各有關部門和單位都要舍小利顧大義，使企業輕裝上陣，創造條件形成我國競爭新優勢。
Take
multiple measures to cut costs
More
small businesses with low profits will enjoy halved corporate income tax, with
the upper limit of taxable annual income raised from 300,000 to 500,000 yuan.
For small and medium high-tech enterprises, the proportion of R&D expenses
covered by the additional tax reduction policy is to be raised from 50 to 75
percent. We will do all we can to see the intensity and impact of structural
tax cuts deliver further results. The great number of charges have placed an
unbearable burden on many businesses; we are going to slash non-tax burdens.
First, we
will completely overhaul government-managed funds, abolish municipal public
utility surcharges, and authorize local governments to reduce and cancel some
funds.
Second,
we will abolish or suspend 35 administrative charges paid by enterprises to the
central government, again cutting the number of charges by more than half; and
then reduce as far as possible those that still apply. Local governments also
need to make significant cuts to government administrative fees.
Third, we
will reduce government-set operating fees for businesses. Unauthorized fees
charged by intermediaries for government review and approval will be overhauled
or abolished. We will work toward lower operating fees levied on businesses in
the finance and railway freight sectors. We will strengthen oversight over the
collection of market-set service fees.
Fourth,
we will continue to lower as appropriate the share paid by enterprises for
contributions to social security.
Fifth, we
will deepen reforms and improve policies to reduce government imposed
transaction costs for businesses and lower their energy and logistics costs.
All
government departments and agencies concerned should have in mind the overall
interests of the country instead of their narrow departmental interests, reduce
the financial burden on enterprises, and help them develop new advantages over
international competition.
精準加力補短板。要針對嚴重制約經濟社會發展和民生改善的突出問題，結合實施“十三五”規劃確定的重大項目，加大補短板力度，加快提升公共服務、基礎設施、創新發展、資源環境等支撐能力。
Take
targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness
We need
to focus on salient problems that are holding back economic and social
development and making it difficult to improve People’ s standards of living,
and we should integrate efforts to undertake major projects set out in the 13th
Five-Year Plan with efforts to strengthen areas of weakness. We should act
faster to raise the capacity of public services, infrastructure,
innovation-driven development, and resources and the environment to sustain development.
貧困地區和貧困人口是全面建成小康社會最大的短板。要深入實施精準扶貧精準脫貧，今年再減少農村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷340萬人。中央財政專項扶貧資金增長30%以上。加強集中連片特困地區、革命老區、邊疆和民族地區開發，改善基礎設施和公共服務，推動特色產業發展、勞務輸出、教育和健康扶貧，做好因病等致貧返貧群眾幫扶，實施貧困村整體提升工程，增強貧困地區和貧困群眾自我發展能力。推進貧困縣涉農資金整合，強化資金和項目監管。創新扶貧協作機制，支持和引導社會力量參與扶貧。切實落實脫貧攻堅責任制，實施最嚴格的評估考核，嚴肅查處假脫貧、“被脫貧”、數字脫貧，確保脫貧得到群眾認可、經得起歷史檢驗。
Poor
areas and people living in poverty represent the area of greatest weakness we
must face as we work to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all
respects. We need to do more in implementing targeted poverty reduction and
elimination measures. This year we will further reduce the number of rural
residents living in poverty by over 10 million, including 3.4 million to be
relocated from inhospitable areas. Central government funding for poverty alleviation
will be increased by over 30 percent.
We need
to step up development in contiguous areas of extreme poverty, old
revolutionary bases, border areas, and areas with concentrations of ethnic
minorities. For this we should focus on the following work: improving
infrastructure and public services; fostering poverty alleviation through
distinctive local businesses, the domestic and overseas export of labor, and
improving education and health care; providing assistance to people who become
poor or sink back into poverty due to illness; implementing the program for
improving life in poor villages; and building the self-development capacity of
poor areas and people.
In poor
counties, different rural development funds will be merged, and oversight over
funds and projects will be strengthened. We will develop new mechanisms for
coordinating poverty reduction efforts. We will support and guide
non-governmental participation in combating poverty. The system for ensuring
responsibility is taken for poverty elimination will be effectively enforced,
the strictest possible evaluations and assessments of poverty alleviation will
be carried out, and stern measures will be taken to address deception,
falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work. We
must see that the results of our poverty elimination earn the approval of our
people and stand the test of time.
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