【署名文章】Who
Is Really Behind the Tensions in the South China Sea?
誰在制造南海緊張局勢？
Liu Xiaoming,
Ambassador of China to the UK
中國駐英國大使 劉曉明
來源：搜狐教育 新華網 英文巴士 整理：福建泉州啟航翻譯公司
On
9 May, the Financial Times and its website published a signed article by
Ambassador Liu Xiaoming entitled “Who is really behind the tensions in the
South China Sea?”. The full text is as follows:
2016年5月9日，英國主流大報《金融時報》紙質版和網絡版以及中文網同時刊登駐英國大使劉曉明題為《誰在制造南海緊張局勢？》的署名文章，全文如下：
Sir,
Senator John McCain made ungrounded accusations about China’s policies and
actions with regard to the South China Sea in his op-ed “America needs more
than symbolism in the South China Sea” (April 13). His comment pays no regard
to facts and reflects prejudice and hostility against China.
4月13日，美國參議員麥凱恩先生在貴報發表了題為《美國在南海要有實際行動》的文章，對中國在南海問題上的政策和做法進行無理指責。其言論不僅顛倒事實，混淆黑白，而且充斥著對中國的偏見和敵意。
Who
is “militarising” the South China Sea? Senator McCain points at China, but the
US has been intentionally flexing its muscles in the region with its
forward-deployed military forces.
In
recent years, US military jets and warships in the South China Sea have
conducted frequent close-in reconnaissance in the adjacent waters and air space
of China’s islands and reefs. This has been accompanied by targeted joint
military drills which have significantly raised tension in the South China Sea.
是誰在南海搞“軍事化”？麥凱恩先生在文中指責中國，但近年來正是美國在不斷加大軍事前沿部署，頻繁派遣軍用艦機到中國南海島礁鄰近海空域進行抵近偵查，炫耀武力，并輪番開展針對性很強的聯合軍演，極大加劇了南海緊張局勢。
Senator
McCain urges the US to launch a robust “freedom of the seas campaign”, as if
the freedom of navigation in the South China Sea had been under immediate
threat.
The reality is that more than 100,000 vessels pass through the South China Sea every year. In no single case has freedom of navigation been affected. The freedom of navigation is in fact the “freedom” for the US to assert its maritime dominance in the South China Sea and challenge the sovereignty, security and maritime rights of others.
This
is in fact a licence for the US to do whatever it wants. Such a licence poses
the biggest threat to regional peace and stability as well as the real freedom
of navigation in this region.
麥凱恩先生鼓吹美國發起強有力的“海洋自由行動”，仿佛南海的航行自由出了什么問題。事實上目前每年有十幾萬艘船只經過南海地區，從未有船只抱怨過航行自由受到過任何影響。麥凱恩先生所稱的“自由”，其實是美國利用自己的力量優勢踐踏別國主權安全和海洋權益的“自由”，是在南海行使其海上霸權的“自由”。說穿了，就是美國的“橫行自由”。這種“橫行自由”才是南海地區和平穩定以及真正航行自由的最大威脅。
Who
is challenging the international law? Senator McCain appeals to his government
to work with regional allies and partners to “counter Chinese behaviour that is
in violation of international law”. Senator McCain needs to specify which
clauses in the international laws China has violated.
China
has kept a strong commitment to international law. After years of negotiation
and consultation, China has signed border treaties with 12 of its 14 neighbours
on land, and has completed maritime delimitation of the Beibu Bay with Vietnam.
International
law allows China the right to reject and choose not to participate in the South
China Sea Arbitration unilaterally initiated by the Philippines. Back in 2006,
China made a declaration in accordance with Article 298 of the UN Convention on
the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), excluding disputes such as those on maritime
delimitation from compulsory arbitration. More than 30 other countries,
including the UK, have made similar declarations.
China’s
decision is also consistent with a series of bilateral agreements with the
Philippines and Article 4 of the DOC, the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties
in the South China Sea signed in 2002 between China and 10 ASEAN nations. Since
Senator McCain places stress on complying with international law, perhaps he
can explain why the US has chosen not to join UNCLOS?
As
a sovereign state, China has the legitimate right, as empowered in the UN
Charter, to carry out construction in its own islands in the South China Sea
and fulfil its international obligations. Ironically, the US is still refusing
to sign the UNCLOS and hides behind the rhetoric of safeguarding international
law.
是誰在挑戰國際法？麥凱恩先生在文中聲稱要集合盟友對抗中國違反國際法的行為。麥凱恩先生是否能說清楚，中國違反了哪條國際法？迄今為止，中國已經與14個陸上鄰國的12個簽訂了邊界條約，與越南完成了北部灣海上劃界，以談判協商積極踐行了國際法。中國拒絕接受和參與菲律賓單方面提起的南海仲裁案，正是國際法賦予的權利。中國依據《聯合國海洋法公約》第298條有關規定作出排除性聲明，將有關海域劃界等爭端排除在《公約》強制爭端解決機制之外。目前，包括英國在內已有30多個國家作出類似排除性聲明；同時中國的決定也符合中菲系列雙邊協定和《南海各方行為宣言》第四條。中國在南海島礁的建設活動，履行的是中國所承擔的國際責任和義務，行使的是《聯合國憲章》賦予主權國家的合法權利。反觀美國，至今遲遲不肯加入《聯合國海洋法公約》，卻在奢談維護國際法，何其荒謬！
As
an old Chinese adage goes, the offender complains first. There is also the
quotation: “A lie gets halfway around the world while the truth is putting on
its shoes.” This is the danger that springs from articles such as that authored
by Senator McCain.
中國有句俗語：惡人先告狀。西方也有一句成語：當真相還在穿鞋，謊言已經跑了半個世界。這兩句話用在麥凱恩先生的文章上，真是再合適不過。
China
is a responsible country and a staunch force for world and regional peace.
China will work with all other countries, as it has always done, to build the
South China Sea into a sea of peace, a sea of friendship and a sea of
co-operation.
中國是維護世界和地區和平的堅定力量，是負責任的大國，將一如既往地與各國共同努力，將南海建設成和平之海、友好之海、合作之海。
相關文章：
(1)中國駐英國大使劉曉明：停止插手南海事務Stop Meddling in the South China Sea
(2)中國駐英國大使劉曉明：誰在制造南海緊張局勢？Who Is Really Behind the Tensions in the South China Sea?
(4)中國駐肯尼亞大使劉顯法：南海問題：公道自在人心The South China Sea Issue: Justice Naturally Inhabits Man’s Heart
(5)中國駐馬爾代夫大使王福康：所謂“南海仲裁案”的真相The Truth of the So-called South China Sea Arbitration
(6)中國駐駐以色列大使詹永新：請讓事實仲裁 Let the Facts Arbitrate
(7)中國駐美國大使崔天凱：如何彌合南海問題上的分歧How to Bridge the Divide Over the South China Sea
(8)中國駐利比里亞大使張越：南海清水不容攪渾 The South China Sea Issue: Stop Stirring the Clean Water
(9)中國駐英國大使劉曉明：Stop Playing with Fire in the South China Sea
(10) “南海仲裁案”宣判在即，外媒這樣的標題讓中國壓力有點大
(13) 【聲明宣言】南海問題：中華人民共和國政府關于在南海的領土主權和海洋權益的聲明Statement of the Government of the People’s Republic of China on China’s Territorial Sovereignty and Maritime Rights and Interests in the South China Sea
